PAT_ （树补充）一般二叉树的LCA（Median） BST的LCA（Easy）
目录
1143 Lowest Common Ancestor (30分)
235. 二叉搜索树的最近公共祖先
对于上题，在给定BST的先序遍历序列时，相当于省掉了dfs这步，
1151 LCA in a Binary Tree (30分)
1143 Lowest Common Ancestor (30分)
The lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two nodes U and V in a tree is the deepest node that has both U and V as descendants.
A binary search tree (BST) is recursively defined as a binary tree which has the following properties:
- The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
- The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than or equal to the node's key.
- Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.
Given any two nodes in a BST, you are supposed to find their LCA.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives two positive integers: M (≤ 1,000), the number of pairs of nodes to be tested; and N (≤ 10,000), the number of keys in the BST, respectively. In the second line, N distinct integers are given as the preorder traversal sequence of the BST. Then M lines follow, each contains a pair of integer keys U and V. All the keys are in the range of int.
Output Specification:
For each given pair of U and V, print in a line LCA of U and V is A. if the LCA is found and A is the key. But if A is one of U and V, print X is an ancestor of Y. where X is A and Y is the other node. If U or V is not found in the BST, print in a line ERROR: U is not found. or ERROR: V is not found. or ERROR: U and V are not found..
Sample Input:
6 8
6 3 1 2 5 4 8 7
2 5
8 7
1 9
12 -3
0 8
99 99
Sample Output:
LCA of 2 and 5 is 3.
8 is an ancestor of 7.
ERROR: 9 is not found.
ERROR: 12 and -3 are not found.
ERROR: 0 is not found.
ERROR: 99 and 99 are not found.
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#include 235. 二叉搜索树的最近公共祖先
对于上题，在给定BST的先序遍历序列时，相当于省掉了dfs这步，
/*Definition for a binary tree node.
public class TreeNode {
int val;
TreeNode left;
TreeNode right;
TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
}*/
class Solution {
public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
int parentVal = root.val;
int pVal = p.val;
int qVal = q.val;
if (pVal > parentVal && qVal > parentVal) {
// If both p and q are greater than parent
return lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);
} else if (pVal < parentVal && qVal < parentVal) {
// If both p and q are lesser than parent
return lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
} else {
// We have found the split point, i.e. the LCA node.
return root;
}
}
}236. 一般二叉树的最近公共祖先 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43107805/article/details/105350545
1151 LCA in a Binary Tree (30分)
The lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two nodes U and V in a tree is the deepest node that has both U and V as descendants.
Given any two nodes in a binary tree, you are supposed to find their LCA.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives two positive integers: M (≤ 1,000), the number of pairs of nodes to be tested; and N (≤ 10,000), the number of keys in the binary tree, respectively. In each of the following two lines, N distinct integers are given as the inorder and preorder traversal sequences of the binary tree, respectively. It is guaranteed that the binary tree can be uniquely determined by the input sequences. Then M lines follow, each contains a pair of integer keys U and V. All the keys are in the range of int.
Output Specification:
For each given pair of U and V, print in a line LCA of U and V is A. if the LCA is found and A is the key. But if A is one of U and V, print X is an ancestor of Y. where X is A and Y is the other node. If U or V is not found in the binary tree, print in a line ERROR: U is not found. or ERROR: V is not found. or ERROR: U and V are not found..
Sample Input:
6 8
7 2 3 4 6 5 1 8
5 3 7 2 6 4 8 1
2 6
8 1
7 9
12 -3
0 8
99 99
Sample Output:
LCA of 2 and 6 is 3.
8 is an ancestor of 1.
ERROR: 9 is not found.
ERROR: 12 and -3 are not found.
ERROR: 0 is not found.
ERROR: 99 and 99 are not found.注意：本题的注意点是pos[]数组的利用
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