STM32之DAC

STM32F103VCT6自带两个12DACDAC的转换速度一直没有查到,网上有人说是1MHZ的频率,那就是1us了。ADC的转换时间在56MHZ工作频率下为1us,在72MHZ工作频率下为1.17us。如果ADDA有对称关系的话,那么很可能跟ADC的时间相同。(仅作分析用!)

       DAC于我,有两个用途:输出波形输出固定电压。先来说说前者的配置。

       第一个参数:触发方式,DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger。可选的外部触发源一共有八个。六个是定时器触发:TIM2TIM4TIM5TIM6TIM7TIM8。剩下两个分别是:EXTI线路9和软件触发。如果采用定时器触发的话,就还要再编写相应的定时器函数,这个倒不是很复杂,和定时器的编写方式类似。如:DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_T6_TRGO;//选择定时器6作外部触发源

 

void TIM_Configuration(void)

{

       TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;

       TIM_OCInitTypeDef            TIM_OCInitStructure;

 

      

       TIM_TimeBaseStructInit(&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

      TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 0x85;         

      TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 0x0;      

      TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0;   

      TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; 

      TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM6, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);     

      

    TIM_SelectOutputTrigger(TIM6, TIM_TRGOSource_Update);

}

输出信号频率计算:假设输出一个6个点的锯齿波波形,则其频率为:(72MHZ/(0x85+1))*6=89.552KHZ.注意:如果prescaler不为0,则时钟还要再除以(prescaler+1)

       第二个参数:DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration。顾名思义:波形发生器。STM32内部集成了两个幅度可调的波形发生器,可以产生三角波噪声波。如果我们使用自定义的缓冲区的话,就不需要配置这个参数或者使其为DAC_WaveGeneration_None,但为了避免别人误以为你忘了配置这个参数,所以还是多写一句吧,养成好的习惯。

       第三个参数:DAC_InitStructure.DAC_OutputBuffer,即是否使用输出缓存。输出缓存的功能主要用来减小输出阻抗,是STM32DAC无需外部运放就可以直接驱动负载。这里一般设置成DAC_OutputBuffer_Disable,即关闭外部缓存。这是为保险起见,万一驱动能力不够强(本人也没试过@_@),那调试的时间就又多了一些。

       参数的配置就这么多了,算得上STM32中最简单的外设配置之一了!

       一般来说,用DAC输出波形,传输的数据比较多,所以采用DMA传输可以节省CPU的开支。所以在调用DAC_DMACmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);函数后别忘了配置DMA函数。详细的配置说明就不写了,这里把代码贴出来:

 

void DMA_Configuration(void)

{

       DMA_InitTypeDef            DMA_InitStructure;

      

       DMA_DeInit(DMA2_Channel3);

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = DAC_DHR12R1_Address;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (u32)&FIR_OutPutValueTab;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = 200;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;

       DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;

       DMA_Init(DMA2_Channel3, &DMA_InitStructure);

 

      

       DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Channel3, ENABLE);

      

       DMA_ITConfig(DMA2_Channel3,DMA_IT_TC,ENABLE);

}

注意红色字体写的那行代码,当我们传输多个数据时,需要将其设置为连续转换!其余就不赘述了。

       接下来谈谈DAC固定电压的配置。

       STM32DAC固定电压配置和上面的波形输出配置相似,不同的地方在于它要多调用一个函数:DAC_SoftwareTriggerCmd(DAC_Channel_1,ENABLE);这样才会输出固定的电平。

具体配置如下:

 

void DAC_VOLTAGE_Configuration(void)

{

       DAC_InitTypeDef            DAC_InitStructure;

       DAC_DeInit();

      

      DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_None;

      DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration = DAC_WaveGeneration_None;      

      DAC_InitStructure.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OutputBuffer_Disable;

      DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_1, &DAC_InitStructure);

       //

      

       DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);

       DAC_SoftwareTriggerCmd(DAC_Channel_1,ENABLE);

}

配置完成后,调用DAC_SetChannel1Data(DAC_Align_12b_R,4000);函数就可以发送数据了!!极其方便。比起5615,0832之流不知简便了多少!有两点要注意:1、该函数的第一个参数DAC_Align_12b_R不可依据设置ADC外设地址的方式重写这个地址,因为这个参数是不带基址的,而我们重写地址后一半会把基址算进去,这样就不对了!(笔者就曾经卡在这里!看来凡事不可先入为主,否则问题迟早会发生。)2、每次改变发送数据时,要同时调用以下两个函数:

       DAC_SetChannel1Data(DAC_Align_12b_R,4000);

       DAC_SoftwareTriggerCmd(DAC_Channel_1,ENABLE);

至于为什么,我的理解是:因为DAC改变数据后并不会立即写入寄存器,需要一次更新,由于不是通过定时器触发来更新,因此就只能通过调用函数的方法来更新。


=======================================================================================================

1、简述:

12位数字输入,电压输出,DAC可以配置为8位或12位模式。有2个输出通道。在双DAC模式下,两个通道可以独立地工作。

 

特殊功能: 噪声波形生成,三角波形生成,外部触发转换,双DAC同时或者分别转换;每个通道都有DMA功能;

 

参考电压:2.4V~ 3.3V

 

因为一旦使能DAC通道,那么相应的GPIO便自动地连接到DAC转换器,因此,模拟输出前应该设置成模拟输入,目的是避免寄生的干扰和额外的功耗;

 

2、函数介绍:

1)缺省函数

DAC_Init();

 

2DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_1,&DAC_InitStructure);初始化函数

DAC_InitTypeDef            DAC_InitStructure;

初始化的设置有四个:

DAC_Trigger:指定所选DAC的触发源,有9个触发源可以选择:

DAC_Trigger_None

DAC_Trigger_T6_TRGO

DAC_Trigger_T8_TRGO

DAC_Trigger_T7_TRGO

DAC_Trigger_T5_TRGO

DAC_Trigger_T2_TRGO

DAC_Trigger_T4_TRGO

DAC_Trigger_Ext_IT9

DAC_Trigger_Software

 

❷DAC_WaveGeneration :指定DAC是否产生噪声波形,三角波或者不产生以上波形

DAC_WaveGeneration_None

DAC_WaveGeneration_Noise

DAC_WaveGeneration_Triangle

DAC_LFSRUnmask_TriangleAmplitude:如果选择了产生噪声波形或者三角波,那么这里可以选择噪声波形的LFSRUnMask屏蔽位(不晓得是什么东西) 或者三角波的最大幅度

DAC_OutputBuffer:指定输出是否要缓冲一下

DAC_OutputBuffer_Enable

DAC_OutputBuffer_Disable

3DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_1,EANBLE); DAC通道使能函数

 

4DAC_DMACmd(DAC_Channel_1,ENABLE)如果要用到DMADAC那么就要使能哪个DAC通道

 

5DAC_SoftwareTriggerCmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);软件触发使能函数,一般单通道时候使用

 

6DAC_DualSoftwareTriggerCmd(ENABLE);如果要同时控制两个DAC通道,那么就要使能此函数

 

7DAC_Wave GenerationCmd(DAC_Channel_1, DAC_Wave_Noise, ENABLE);波形发生使能函数,可以选择哪个通道以及噪声或者三角波波形

 

8DAC_SetChannel1Data(DAC_Align_12b_R, 0x500);

选择通道1的数据位数和对齐方式,以及具体输出值。三种对齐数据位方式:

DAC_Align_12b_R  12位右对齐,数值小于4096

DAC_Align_12b_L 12位左对齐,数值小于0XxFFF0

DAC_Align_8b_R 8位右对齐,数值小于256

9DAC_SetChannel2Data(DAC_Align_12b_L, 0x8880);同理(8

 

10DAC_SetDualChannelData(DAC_Align_8b_R, 0x40, 0xF1);同理(8)

 

11u16 DataValue;

DataValue = DAC_GetDataOutputValue(DAC_Channel_1); 得到当前DAC输出的值

3、具体应用:

3.1 产生一个直流电压:

GPIOA_04 DAC1 , GPIOA_05 DAC2

1、设置GPIOA_04 05 为模拟输入;

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_4 | GPIO_Pin_5;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;

  GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure)

 

2、开启GPIOADAC的时钟。注意GPIOA的时钟是在APB2,DAC的时钟则是在APB1

  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_DAC, ENABLE);

3、配置DAC输出直流电压

DAC_InitTypeDef            DAC_InitStructure;

DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_None;//选择DAC的触发输出,当产生波形时可用定时器触发

DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration = DAC_WaveGeneration_None;

DAC_InitStructure.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OutputBuffer_Disable;

DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_1, &DAC_InitStructure);

DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);

DAC_SetChannel1Data(DAC_Align_12b_R,4095);//我的板子实际输出的是3.265v


3.2 产生三角波

在上述代码基础上加入下面代码,其中部分代码替代

  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);

     TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef    TIM_TimeBaseStructure;

  TIM_TimeBaseStructInit(&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 0xF;         

  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 0xF;      

  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0;   

  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; 

  TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

  TIM_SelectOutputTrigger(TIM2, TIM_TRGOSource_Update);

 /*

                  TIM_SelectOutputTrigger()函数到底是干嘛的?定时器触发输出,比如用作触发另一个定时器,触发AD转换等,触发其他外设

*/

  DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_T2_TRGO;

  DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration = DAC_WaveGeneration_Triangle;

  DAC_InitStructure.DAC_LFSRUnmask_TriangleAmplitude = DAC_TriangleAmplitude_2047;


3.3 利用DMA产生正弦波(DAC2)和直流电压值(DAC1

uint16_t g_Wave[128];

uint16_t DAC1_Value[1];

 

 const uint16_t SineData[32] = {

                       2047, 2447, 2831, 3185, 3498, 3750, 3939, 4056, 4095, 4056,

                       3939, 3750, 3495, 3185, 2831, 2447, 2047, 1647, 1263, 909,

                       599, 344, 155, 38, 0, 38, 155, 344, 599, 909, 1263, 1647};

 

void RCC_DAC_Config(void)

{

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_DAC,ENABLE);

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2,ENABLE);

RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA2,ENABLE);

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA,ENABLE);

}

 

void GPIO_DAC_Config(void)

{        

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_4|GPIO_Pin_5;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);

}

 

 

void DAC_Config(void)

{

uint32_t i=0;

DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;

DAC_InitTypeDef DAC_InitStructure;

 

DAC1_Value[0]=4096*0.612;

for(i=0;i<32;i++)

{

//g_Wave[i]=DAC2_SineWave[i] *0.606; //Vpp =2.0V

g_Wave[i]=SineData[i] *0.606; //Vpp =2.0V

}

RCC_DAC_Config();

GPIO_DAC_Config();

 

         TIM_PrescalerConfig(TIM2,0,TIM_PSCReloadMode_Update);

 

TIM_SetAutoreload(TIM2, 22);

TIM_SelectOutputTrigger(TIM2, TIM_TRGOSource_Update);

 

  DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_T2_TRGO;

  DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration = DAC_WaveGeneration_None;

  DAC_InitStructure.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OutputBuffer_Disable;

#if  0

DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_1, &DAC_InitStructure);        

 

DMA_DeInit(DMA2_Channel3);

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = DAC_DHR12R1_Address;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&DAC1_Value;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = 1;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;

  DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;

 

DMA_Init(DMA2_Channel3, &DMA_InitStructure);

  DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Channel3, ENABLE);

 

 

DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);

  DAC_DMACmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);

  TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);

 

#else

DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_2, &DAC_InitStructure);        

 

DMA_DeInit(DMA2_Channel4);

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = DAC_DHR12R2_Address;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&g_Wave;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = 32;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;

DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;

 

DMA_Init(DMA2_Channel4,&DMA_InitStructure);

DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Channel4,ENABLE);

 

DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_2,ENABLE);

DAC_DMACmd(DAC_Channel_2,ENABLE);

 

TIM_Cmd(TIM2,ENABLE);

 

#endif

}


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