背景
一个入库频繁的应用同时报了 （ORA-00604 + ORA-02399）错误，后续数据再也不能入库。
错误日志
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-02399: exceeded maximum connect time, you are being logged off
ORA-02399: exceeded maximum connect time, you are being logged off
Oracle官方文档
ORA-00604
ORA-00604 error occurred at recursive SQL level num
Cause: An error occurred while processing a recursive SQL statement. A recursive SQL statement is one that applies to internal dictionary tables.
Action: If the situation described in the next message on the stack can be corrected, do so; otherwise, contact customer support.
ORA-02399
ORA-02399 exceeded maximum connect time, logging off
Cause: A user has exceeded the maximum time allowed to be connected to the database.
Action: The user must reconnect to the database.
分析
不是很能理解ORA-00604的错误，着重看了ORA-02399，大致意思如下：
原因：用户连接数据库时间超出了所允许的最大时长
办法：该用户需要重连数据库
考虑到出问题的应用确实是一刻也不停的操作数据库，而且建立的长连接也未曾释放，很可能超出了Oracle数据库限定的最大连接时长。
在网上很幸运的查询到Andrew Reid的一篇文章，里面专门测试了连接时长的问题。
实验中设置了Profile Connect_time时长为1分钟，而在超过1分钟后当前session在做sql操作也报了如下错误：
SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'hh24:mi:ss')
2 time_now from dual
3 /
select to_char(sysdate,'hh24:mi:ss')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-02399: exceeded maximum connect time, you are
being logged off
ORA-02399: exceeded maximum connect time, you are
being logged off
SQL>
惊奇的发现，ORA-00604与ORA-02399确实连着一起来了。
至此可以确定，由于该用户连接数据库的最大时间受限制，导致了上述问题的发生。
解决
简单的有两个解决方法：
- 应用处超时重连；
- 数据库对该用户取消连接时长限制；
本例简单的使用方法2来说明问题。
1. 查询用户所属Profile
Oracle Profile用来限定对用户访问数据库做一定限制。
SQL> set lines 100
SQL> col profile for a15
SQL> col resource_name for a30
SQL> col limit for a14
SQL> select username,profile from dba_users where username='CRXJ_ALARM';
USERNAME PROFILE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
CRXJ_ALARM DEFAULT
可以看到当前使用用户CRXJ_ALARM所属DEFAULT这个默认的PROFILE。
2. 查看DEFAULT内容
SQL> select * from dba_profiles where profile = 'DEFAULT';
Warning: connection was lost and re-established
PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME RESOURCE_TYPE LIMIT
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
DEFAULT COMPOSITE_LIMIT KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT SESSIONS_PER_USER KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CPU_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CPU_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT IDLE_TIME KERNEL 15
DEFAULT CONNECT_TIME KERNEL 180
DEFAULT PRIVATE_SGA KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS PASSWORD 10
DEFAULT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME PASSWORD 180
DEFAULT PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION PASSWORD NULL
DEFAULT PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME PASSWORD 1
DEFAULT PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME PASSWORD 7
16 rows selected
可以发现在CONNECT_TIME 设置为180分钟。由于大部分数据库用户都使用默认profile因此还是新建一个专属示例用户的profile来的保险。
3. 新建用户Profile
-
创建profile
CREATE PROFILE CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE LIMIT
COMPOSITE_LIMIT UNLIMITED
SESSIONS_PER_USER UNLIMITED
CPU_PER_SESSION UNLIMITED
CPU_PER_CALL UNLIMITED
LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION UNLIMITED
LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL UNLIMITED
IDLE_TIME 15
CONNECT_TIME UNLIMITED
PRIVATE_SGA UNLIMITED
FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS 10
PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED
PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME UNLIMITED
PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX UNLIMITED
PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME 1
PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME 7;
2 验证是否创建成功
SQL> select * from dba_profiles where profile = 'CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE';
PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME RESOURCE_TYPE LIMIT
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE COMPOSITE_LIMIT KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE SESSIONS_PER_USER KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE CPU_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE CPU_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE IDLE_TIME KERNEL 15
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE CONNECT_TIME KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PRIVATE_SGA KERNEL UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS PASSWORD 10
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX PASSWORD UNLIMITED
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION PASSWORD DEFAULT
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME PASSWORD 1
CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME PASSWORD 7
16 rows selected
3. 修改示例用户的Profile
SQL> alter user CRXJ_ALARM profile CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE;
User altered.
4. 查看示例用户Profile
SQL> select username,profile from dba_users where username='CRXJ_ALARM';
USERNAME PROFILE
------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------
CRXJ_ALARM CRXJ_ALARM_PROFILE
至此完成修改。
引用文章
ORA-02396: exceeded maximum idle time
ORACLE user profile配置/管理/维护
Server Messages ORA-00000 to ORA-25699
Oracle Enterprise Manager (Example 1)
CONNECT_TIME
转载请标明作者和原文链接
ifuteng#gmail.com 2014/10/30