curl 介绍和基本用法
curl是一个广泛使用的用来上传和下载的命令行工具，当然严格来讲，它还可以有别的用途。对于测试来讲，它是Web相关测试非常实用的工具，包括debugging，使用起来非常方便。而且另一方面，因为它是纯命令行的工具，所以也可以非常方便的作为一个组件集成到automation或者其他的测试框架里面，将HTTP/HTTPS/FTP相关的上传和下载等任务交给它。
最近因为在做web service相关的测试，用到了curl，觉得还不错，顺便给大家介绍一下。
official site: http://curl.haxx.se/ ， 目前最新的版本是7.20.0。
基本的用法示例
curl http://www.google.com
curl -o f1 ftp://user:pwd@myftp/Ricky/test.ini
curl dict://dict.org/d:test
下面主要介绍一下常用的参数，关于这方面，可以查看它自带的帮助文档。
-V show the version of curl
C:/Tools/curl-7.20.0>curl -V
curl 7.20.0 (i386-pc-win32) libcurl/7.20.0 OpenSSL/0.9.8l zlib/1.2.3
Protocols:
dict file ftp ftps http https imap imaps ldap pop3 pop3s rtsp smtp smtps telnet tftp
Features: AsynchDNS Largefile NTLM SSL SSPI libz
-o [filename], save content to a file
-O use the same name
curl -o g.html www.google.com
curl -O http://www.google.com/intl/en_ALL/images/logo.gif
-i, Include the HTTP-header in the output
curl -i http://www.google.com
-u username:password
curl -u user:pwd ftp://myftp/Ricky/test.ini
-d parameters
curl http://www.yahoo.com/login.cgi?user=nick&password=12345
curl -d "user=nick&password=12345" http://www.yahoo.com/login.cgi
-x proxy_ip:port, access with proxy
curl -i -x myproxy:8080 -o google_proxy.html http://www.google.com
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Via: 1.0 myproxy
Content-Length: 222
Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2010 14:15:48 GMT
Location: http://www.google.com.tw/
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Cache-Control: private
Set-Cookie: PREF=ID=aa97c3734c862ddf:TM=1269267348:LM=1269267348:S=4FEEGAPNu2FN2lho; expires=Wed, 21-Mar-2012 14:15:48 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com
Set-Cookie: NID=32=MXKkZjgjiNGVNnPv9w384COa2KJZOLu5v9_5coX_N1tJtaa97-dJUxb7DCz90vQsm0fLEPg0Ee3nXv1yDDcE3ZN0sOu7mq9-mjB9CL0okXGjiIvox2FTcw0HBV7hBaLC; expires=Tue, 21-Sep-2010 14:15:48 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; HttpOnly
Server: gws
X-XSS-Protection: 0
302 Moved
The document has moved
here.
-r [start-end], such as "-r 0-1024"
curl -i -r 0-1024 -o rfc1.txt http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/bibxml3/rdf/item.I-D.6man-pmip6-ind.rdf
header:
note: not all web server support partial content, or it will response all even you try to get part
HTTP/1.1
206 Partial Content
Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2010 13:50:46 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.15 (Debian)
Last-Modified: Mon, 09 Mar 2009 23:02:11 GMT
ETag: "148be6-466-464b79fe1a2c0"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 1025
Content-Range: bytes 0-1024/1126
Content-Type: application/rdf+xml
note: not all web server support partial content, or it will response all even you try to get part
curl -i -r 0-1024 http://www.sina.com.cn -o sina_part1.htm
it will give you all the page.
-k insecure SSL , will not check the cert
curl -k https://ip:8445
-T upload a file with FTP
curl -T curl.html -u user:pwd ftp://myftp/Ricky/
execute once again will overwrite
-F/--form
curl -F password=@/etc/passwd www.mypasswords.com
You can also tell curl what Content-Type to use by using 'type=', in a manner similar to:
curl -F "[email protected];type=text/html" url.com
最后顺便说一下，如果是用来做HTTP的测试和调试，希望有GUI的话，也有不少其它的工具可以选择，包括Fiddler，JMeter和Firefox的tamper data插件。