Visual Studio 2013新建工程导入现有代码文件夹并且保持目录结构
本文提供了一个在Windows环境下使用Visual Studio 2013编辑现有源代码并且保持目录结构的方法。
本文使用VS2013中文社区版做示例（本版本为免费版，可在VS官网下载），其他版本的VS操作方式类似。
打开VS2013，选择【菜单】-【新建】-【从现有代码创建项目】
选择项目类型：Visual C++
项目文件位置：创建完成后会在这个目录生成sln，suo，vcxproj，filters和user等VS解决方案和项目文件，这个必须和源代码的根目录保持一致，否则不能导入文件夹结构。
项目名称填所需项目
最后去除勾选【在解决方案资源管理器中显示所有文件】，避免文件太多
因为代码是Linux代码，并不需要在Windows下编译，所以选择使用外部生成系统即可
无需编译的话，直接选择下一步
完成项目生成向导
项目生成中，如果文件较多，会需要一些时间
如果源文件来源于网络映射盘（比如笔者这里使用的是Linux的Samba共享磁盘），会弹出安全警告，去除勾选选择确定即可。
项目创建好后，在解决方案资源管理器中会出现所有筛选过后项目目录的源文件，是未分文件夹的。如果看不到解决方案资源管理器，可以在【菜单】-【视图】中打开。
上面不分文件夹的源文件并不是我们想要的，如果需要分文件夹，在解决方案资源管理器中点击【显示所有文件】图标，如下图所示。点击之后，会出现文件夹。并且会在文件图标上标示出该文件是否属于项目文件。
如果源代码路径文件有更新，比如增加或者删除文件，在解决方案资源管理器中点击刷新按钮，即可看到最新的文件状态。如果要将新文件添加进项目进行管理，则在新文件上点击右键，选择【包括在项目中】即可，添加后文件图标也会做出相应改变。
由于源代码是Linux下，Linux的头文件与VS默认的头文件不一致，会导致很多头文件找不到或者是不匹配，影响代码提示和阅读。解决方法是添加Linux的头文件到Include路径。下面是具体操作方法：
在解决方案资源管理器中右键项目，选择【属性】。
在弹出的属性页中，找到VC++目录，其中的包含目录填上Linux下的头文件目录。
创建完成后项目文件目录会生成以下项目文件，以后需要打开项目直接双击sln解决方案文件即可
参考资料：
https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/b9cy3d6x.aspx
添加文件时的过滤选项:
*.cpp; *.hpp; *.cxx; *.hxx; *.cc; *.c; *.inl; *.h; *.hh; *.hm; *.asm; *.asmx; *.rc; *.resx; *.idl; *.rc2; *Makefile; Makefile*; *makefile; makefile*; CMakeLists.*; *.cmake; *Config; *config; *.am; *.ac; *.in; *.mk; *config; *.inc; *.lds; *.s; *.S; *.def; *.odl; *.xsd; *.bin; *.rgs; *.html; *.htm; *.d; *.txt; *.text; *.lic; *.ini; *.conf; *.xml; *.json; *.ini; *.lang; *.properties; .gitignore; *.bat; *.ps; *.sh; *.bash; *.csh; *.pl; *.pm; *.plx; *.md; *.markdown; .gitconfig; .gitignore; .gitmodules; .gitlab-ci.yml; _clang-format; LICENSE; COPYRIGHT; VERSION; RELEASE; CHANGELOG
Include 包含的路径:
W:\root\niaoyun\qqwry\src\evpp W:\root\niaoyun\qqwry\src W:\root\niaoyun\qqwry\src\include W:\root\niaoyun\qqwry\include W:\usr\include\c++\4.8.2 W:\usr\include\c++\4.8.2\x86_64-redhat-linux W:\usr\include\c++\4.8.2\backward W:\usr\lib\gcc\x86_64-redhat-linux\4.8.2\include W:\usr\local\include W:\usr\include
预定义的宏开关:
__LP64__ __x86_64__ _UNICODE UNICODE __linux __linux__ __gnu_linux__ __unix __unix__ __GNUC__ DEBUG _DEBUG_CDB
预取消的宏开关:
_MSC_VER _WIN32 _WIN64 _WINDOWS _WIN32_WINDOWS _WIN32_WINNT NDEBUG
CMakeLists.txt 的简单模板:
#
# Filename: CMakeLists.txt
# Usage:
# $ mkdir build
# $ cd build
# $ cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_COLOR_MAKEFILE=ON ../src
# $ gmake V=1 all
#
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8)
set(PROJECT_NAME "qqwry")
project(${PROJECT_NAME} C CXX)
set(PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR 1)
set(PROJECT_VERSION_MINOR 0)
set(PROJECT_VERSION_PATCH 1)
set(PROJECT_VERSION_TWEAK 1)
enable_testing()
message(STATUS "operation system is ${CMAKE_SYSTEM}")
if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Linux")
message(STATUS "current platform: Linux")
elseif (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Windows")
message(STATUS "current platform: Windows")
elseif (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "FreeBSD")
message(STATUS "current platform: FreeBSD")
else ()
message(STATUS "other platform: ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME}")
endif (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Linux")
if (WIN32)
message(STATUS "Now is windows")
message(STATUS "Note: Define UNICODE environment variable")
endif (WIN32)
if (APPLE)
message(STATUS "Now is Apple systens.")
endif (APPLE)
if (UNIX)
message(STATUS "Now is UNIX-like OS's. Including APPLE OS x and CygWin")
endif (UNIX)
if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "Debug" OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "None")
message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is Debug")
elseif (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "Release")
message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is Release")
elseif (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "RelWitchDebInfo")
message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is RelWitchDebInfo")
elseif (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "MinSizeRel")
message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is MinSizeRel")
else ()
message(FATAL_ERROR "Error: unknown CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE = ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE},"
" CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE: Debug or None, Release, RelWitchDebInfo, RelWitchDebInfo")
endif ()
if (NOT CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC AND NOT CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX AND NOT MSVC)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Error: ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} need requires gcc/g++ or msvc.")
else (NOT CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC AND NOT CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX AND NOT MSVC)
message(STATUS "Note: c compiler - ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}")
message(STATUS "Note: cxx compiler - ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}")
endif (NOT CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC AND NOT CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX AND NOT MSVC)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
EXECUTE_PROCESS(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -dumpversion OUTPUT_VARIABLE GNUCC_VERSION)
if (GNUCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.7)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Error: GNUCC need requires gcc 4.7 or greater.")
else (GNUCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.7)
message(STATUS "Note: GNUCC current version ${GNUCC_VERSION}")
endif (GNUCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.7)
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
EXECUTE_PROCESS(COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -dumpversion OUTPUT_VARIABLE GNUCXX_VERSION)
if (GNUCXX_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.7)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Error: GNUCXX need requires g++ 4.7 or greater.")
else (GNUCXX_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.7)
message(STATUS "Note: GNUCXX current version ${GNUCXX_VERSION}")
endif (GNUCXX_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.7)
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
if (MSVC)
if (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1700)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Error: MSVC need requires vs2012 or greater.")
else (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1700)
message(STATUS "Note: MSVC current version ${MSVC_VERSION}")
endif (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1700)
endif (MSVC)
set(PROJECT_DIST_DIR ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/../dist)
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_DIST_DIR} ${PROJECT_DIST_DIR}/bin ${PROJECT_DIST_DIR}/lib)
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_DIST_DIR}/bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_DIST_DIR}/lib)
include_directories(/${PROJECT_NAME}/include /opt/${PROJECT_NAME}/include /usr/local/${PROJECT_NAME}/include)
link_directories(/${PROJECT_NAME}/lib /opt/${PROJECT_NAME}/lib /usr/local/${PROJECT_NAME}/lib)
include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
link_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../lib ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "Debug" OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "None")
message(STATUS "Note: Define debug environment variable")
add_definitions(-D _DEBUG_CDB)
add_definitions(-D DEBUG)
add_definitions(-D VALGRIND)
set(MY_EXECUTABLE_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}_debug.exe")
set(MY_LIBRARY_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}_debug.lib")
else (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "Debug" OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "None")
message(STATUS "Note: Define non debug environment variable")
add_definitions(-D NDEBUG)
set(MY_EXECUTABLE_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}.exe")
set(MY_LIBRARY_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}.lib")
endif (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "Debug" OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "None")
if (WIN32)
message(STATUS "Note: Define UNICODE environment variable")
add_definitions(-D _UNICODE)
add_definitions(-D UNICODE)
endif (WIN32)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fPIC -std=c99")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -Wextra -Wfloat-equal -funsigned-char")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-reorder -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-local-typedefs")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -s -O3 -Os -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -finline-limit=1000")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG} -O0 -g -ggdb -pipe -ffast-math")
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILE_OBJECT "${CMAKE_C_COMPILE_OBJECT} ")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,--export-dynamic")
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fPIC -std=c++11")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -Wextra -Wfloat-equal -funsigned-char")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-reorder -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-local-typedefs")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wold-style-cast -Woverloaded-virtual -Wwrite-strings")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -s -O3 -Os -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -finline-limit=1000")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} -O0 -g -ggdb -pipe -ffast-math")
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_OBJECT "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_OBJECT} ")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,--export-dynamic")
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
if (MSVC)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /EHsc /wd\"4819\" /wd\"4996\"")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Zi /Ob0 /Od /RTC1 /D_DEBUG")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL} /O1 /Ob1 /D NDEBUG")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE} /O2 /Ob2 /D NDEBUG")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO} /Zi /O2 /Ob1 /D NDEBUG")
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_OBJECT "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_OBJECT} ")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} ")
endif (MSVC)
if(CMAKE_BUILD_BITS EQUAL 32)
message(STATUS "Note: Cmake build bits is 32.")
message(FATAL_ERROR "Error: Stop building here - can not building 32bit programs")
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -m32 -march=i386 -mtune=i386")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} –m elf_i386")
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -m32 -march=i386 -mtune=i386")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} –m elf_i386")
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
elseif (CMAKE_BUILD_BITS EQUAL 64)
message(STATUS "Note: Cmake build bits is 64.")
else ()
message(STATUS "Note: Cmake build bits is unknown.")
endif ()
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
# add_definitions(-D __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS)
# add_definitions(-D __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS)
# add_definitions(-D __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS)
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
# add_definitions(-D MAIN_USE_ENVP)
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
# add_definitions(-D MAIN_USE_ENVP)
add_definitions(-D CHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE)
add_definitions(-D _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64)
endif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
if (MSVC)
# add_definitions(-D _AFX_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
# add_definitions(-D _ATL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
# add_definitions(-D _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
# add_definitions(-D _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_WARNINGS)
# add_definitions(-D _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
# add_definitions(-D NOMINMAX)
endif (MSVC)
message(STATUS ">>>>>> Print cmake environment variable information ...")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake sizeof void p: ${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake module path: ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake build bits: ${CMAKE_BUILD_BITS}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake current list file: ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_FILE}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake current list line: ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_LINE}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake archive output directory: ${CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake library output directory: ${CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake runtime output directory: ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}")
message(STATUS "This is the project name: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
message(STATUS "This is the project binary dir: ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
message(STATUS "This is the project source dir: ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}")
message(STATUS "This is the executable output path: ${EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH}")
message(STATUS "This is the build shared libs: ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}")
message(STATUS "This is the library output path: ${LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake c compiler: ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake cxx compiler: ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake c compiler object: ${CMAKE_C_COMPILE_OBJECT}")
message(STATUS "This is the cmake cxx compiler object: ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_OBJECT}")
string(TOUPPER ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} BUILD_TYPE)
message(STATUS "C_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})
message(STATUS "CXX_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})
message(STATUS "EXE_LINKER_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})
message(STATUS "<<<<<< End (Print cmake environment variable information ...)")
set(QQWRY_SRCS
qqwry.cpp
glog_helper.cpp
daemon_helper.cpp
)
include_directories(/${PROJECT_NAME}/include/evpp /opt/${PROJECT_NAME}/include/evpp /usr/local/${PROJECT_NAME}/include/evpp)
link_directories(/${PROJECT_NAME}/lib/evpp /opt/${PROJECT_NAME}/lib/evpp /usr/local/${PROJECT_NAME}/lib/evpp)
include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include/evpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/evpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/evpp)
link_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../lib/evpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/evpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/evpp)
add_executable(${MY_EXECUTABLE_NAME} ${QQWRY_SRCS})
target_link_libraries(${MY_EXECUTABLE_NAME} evpp event glog pthread)
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_NO_EXAMPLES)
add_subdirectory(tests)
endif()
CentOS7 的ld.so.conf 文件的内容:
# cat /etc/ld.so.conf /usr/lib /usr/lib64 /usr/libexec /usr/local/lib /usr/lcoal/lib64 /usr/local/libexec include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf