android 动画之水波纹效果ripple

按照上面的分析，我们写出以下Circle类来表示一个圆：

 

private class Circle {
    private long mCreateTime;

    public Circle() {
        this.mCreateTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    public int getAlpha() {
        float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
        return (int) ((1.0f - percent) * 255);
    }

    public float getCurrentRadius() {
        float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
        return mInitialRadius + percent * (mMaxRadius - mInitialRadius);
    }
}

自然而然，在WaveView中，要有一个List来保存当前正在显示的圆：

 

private List mCircleList = new ArrayList();

我们定义一个start方法，用来启动扩散：

 

public void start() {
    if (!mIsRunning) {
        mIsRunning = true;
        mCreateCircle.run();
    }
}

private Runnable mCreateCircle = new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        if (mIsRunning) {
            newCircle();
            postDelayed(mCreateCircle, mSpeed); // 每隔mSpeed毫秒创建一个圆
        }
    }
};

private void newCircle() {
    long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    if (currentTime - mLastCreateTime < mSpeed) {
        return;
    }
    Circle circle = new Circle();
    mCircleList.add(circle);
    invalidate();
    mLastCreateTime = currentTime;
}

start方法只是简单的创建了一个圆并添加到了mCircleList中，同时开启了循环创建圆的Runnable，然后通知界面刷新，我们再看看onDraw方法：

 

protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
    Iterator iterator = mCircleList.iterator();
    while (iterator.hasNext()) {
        Circle circle = iterator.next();
        if (System.currentTimeMillis() - circle.mCreateTime < mDuration) {
            mPaint.setAlpha(circle.getAlpha());
            canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, circle.getCurrentRadius(), mPaint);
        } else {
            iterator.remove();
        }
    }
    if (mCircleList.size() > 0) {
        postInvalidateDelayed(10);
    }
}

onDraw方法遍历了每一个Circle，判断Circle的扩散时间是否超过了设定的扩散时间，如果是则移除，如果不是，则计算Circle当前的透明度和半径并绘制出来。我们添加了一个延时刷新来不断重绘界面，以达到连续的波纹扩散效果。

现在运行程序，应该能看到图2中的效果了，不过有点别扭，按常识，水波的间距是越来越大的，如何做到呢？

技巧

---

要让水波纹的半径非匀速变大，我们只能去修改Circle.getCurrentRadius()方法了。我们再次看看这个方法：

 

public float getCurrentRadius() {
    float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
    return mInitialRadius + percent * (mMaxRadius - mInitialRadius);
}

percent表示Circle当前扩散时间和总扩散时间的一个百分比，考虑到当前扩散时间超过总扩散时间时Circle会被移除，因此percent的实际区间为[0, 1]，看到[0, 1]，我不知道大家想到的是什么，我首先想到的就是差值器(Interpolator)，我们可以通过定义差值器来实现对Circle半径变化的控制！

我们修改代码：

 

private Interpolator mInterpolator = new LinearInterpolator();

public void setInterpolator(Interpolator interpolator) {
    mInterpolator = interpolator;
    if (mInterpolator == null) {
        mInterpolator = new LinearInterpolator();
    }
}

private class Circle {
    private long mCreateTime;

    public Circle() {
        this.mCreateTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    public int getAlpha() {
        float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
        return (int) ((1.0f - mInterpolator.getInterpolation(percent)) * 255);
    }

    public float getCurrentRadius() {
        float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
        return mInitialRadius + mInterpolator.getInterpolation(percent) * (mMaxRadius - mInitialRadius);
    }
}

这样，外部使用WaveView时，只需调用setInterpolator()来定义不同的插值器即可实现不同的效果。

图3效果的代码：

 

mWaveView = (WaveView) findViewById(R.id.wave_view);
mWaveView.setDuration(5000);
mWaveView.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mWaveView.setSpeed(400);
mWaveView.setColor(Color.parseColor("#ff0000"));
mWaveView.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator(1.2f));
mWaveView.start();

图4效果的代码：

 

mWaveView = (WaveView) findViewById(R.id.wave_view);
mWaveView.setDuration(5000);
mWaveView.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mWaveView.setColor(Color.parseColor("#ff0000"));
mWaveView.setInterpolator(new LinearOutSlowInInterpolator());
mWaveView.start();

附上WaveView的所有代码：

 

/**
 * 水波纹特效
 * Created by hackware on 2016/6/17.
 */
public class WaveView extends View {
    private float mInitialRadius;   // 初始波纹半径
    private float mMaxRadiusRate = 0.85f;   // 如果没有设置mMaxRadius，可mMaxRadius = 最小长度 * mMaxRadiusRate;
    private float mMaxRadius;   // 最大波纹半径
    private long mDuration = 2000; // 一个波纹从创建到消失的持续时间
    private int mSpeed = 500;   // 波纹的创建速度，每500ms创建一个
    private Interpolator mInterpolator = new LinearInterpolator();

    private List mCircleList = new ArrayList();
    private boolean mIsRunning;

    private boolean mMaxRadiusSet;

    private Paint mPaint;
    private long mLastCreateTime;

    private Runnable mCreateCircle = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (mIsRunning) {
                newCircle();
                postDelayed(mCreateCircle, mSpeed);
            }
        }
    };

    public WaveView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public WaveView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
    }

    public void setStyle(Paint.Style style) {
        mPaint.setStyle(style);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        if (!mMaxRadiusSet) {
            mMaxRadius = Math.min(w, h) * mMaxRadiusRate / 2.0f;
        }
    }

    public void setMaxRadiusRate(float maxRadiusRate) {
        this.mMaxRadiusRate = maxRadiusRate;
    }

    public void setColor(int color) {
        mPaint.setColor(color);
    }

    /**
     * 开始
     */
    public void start() {
        if (!mIsRunning) {
            mIsRunning = true;
            mCreateCircle.run();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 停止
     */
    public void stop() {
        mIsRunning = false;
    }

    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        Iterator iterator = mCircleList.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Circle circle = iterator.next();
            if (System.currentTimeMillis() - circle.mCreateTime < mDuration) {
                mPaint.setAlpha(circle.getAlpha());
                canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, circle.getCurrentRadius(), mPaint);
            } else {
                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
        if (mCircleList.size() > 0) {
            postInvalidateDelayed(10);
        }
    }

    public void setInitialRadius(float radius) {
        mInitialRadius = radius;
    }

    public void setDuration(long duration) {
        this.mDuration = duration;
    }

    public void setMaxRadius(float maxRadius) {
        this.mMaxRadius = maxRadius;
        mMaxRadiusSet = true;
    }

    public void setSpeed(int speed) {
        mSpeed = speed;
    }

    private void newCircle() {
        long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        if (currentTime - mLastCreateTime < mSpeed) {
            return;
        }
        Circle circle = new Circle();
        mCircleList.add(circle);
        invalidate();
        mLastCreateTime = currentTime;
    }

    private class Circle {
        private long mCreateTime;

        public Circle() {
            this.mCreateTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        }

        public int getAlpha() {
            float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
            return (int) ((1.0f - mInterpolator.getInterpolation(percent)) * 255);
        }

        public float getCurrentRadius() {
            float percent = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mCreateTime) * 1.0f / mDuration;
            return mInitialRadius + mInterpolator.getInterpolation(percent) * (mMaxRadius - mInitialRadius);
        }
    }

    public void setInterpolator(Interpolator interpolator) {
        mInterpolator = interpolator;
        if (mInterpolator == null) {
            mInterpolator = new LinearInterpolator();
        }
    }
}

原博文地址链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/cba46422de67