# coding=utf-8
# !/usr/local/bin/python3
"""
对pymssql的简单封装
Purpose: 测试 pymssql库，该库到这里下载：http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#pymssql
使用该库时，需要在Sql Server conf Manager里面将TCP/IP协议开启
Created: 2017/08/21
# delete from xxx where yyy='xxx'
created by, date: Carol, 2018/03
updated by, date:
"""
import pymysql, pymssql
class MSSQL:
"""
注意事项：
使用pymssql进行中文操作时候可能会出现中文乱码，解决的方案是：
文件头加上 #coding=utf8
sql语句中有中文的时候进行encode
insertSql = "insert into WeiBo([UserId],[WeiBoContent],[PublishDate]) values(1,'测试','2012/2/1')".encode("utf8")
连接的时候加入charset设置信息
pymssql.connect(host=self.host,user=self.user,password=self.pwd,database=self.db,charset="utf8")
"""
def __init__(self, host, user, pwd, db):
self.host = host
self.user = user
self.pwd = pwd
self.db = db
def __GetConnect(self):
# 得到连接信息，返回: conn.cursor()
if not self.db:
raise (NameError, "没有设置数据库信息")
self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, password=self.pwd, database=self.db, charset="utf8")
cur = self.conn.cursor()
if not cur:
raise (NameError, "连接数据库失败")
else:
return cur
def ExecQuery(self, sql):
"""
执行查询语句ExecQuery调用示例：返回的是一个包含tuple的list，list的元素是记录行，tuple的元素是每行记录的字段;以及一个list：元素的列名列表
ms = MSSQL(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="PythonWeiboStatistics")
resList = ms.ExecQuery("SELECT id,NickName FROM WeiBoUser")
for (id, NickName) in resList:
print(str(id), NickName)
:param sql:
:return:
"""
cur = self.__GetConnect()
cur.execute(sql)
resList = cur.fetchall()
desc_res = cur.description
# 查询完毕后必须关闭连接
cur.close()
self.conn.close()
return resList, desc_res
def ExecNonQuery(self, sql):
"""
:param sql:
:return:
执行非查询语句ExecNonQuery调用示例：ms.ExecNonQuery("insert into WeiBoUser values('2','3')")
"""
cur = self.__GetConnect()
cur.execute(sql)
self.conn.commit()
cur.close()
self.conn.close()
class MySQL:
"""
mysql连接，执行sql，获取数据库数据
"""
def __init__(self, host, user, pwd, db):
self.host = host
self.user = user
self.pwd = pwd
self.db = db
def __get_connect(self):
# 得到连接信息，返回: conn.cursor()
if not self.db:
raise (NameError, "没有设置数据库信息")
# 打开数据库连接
self.conn = pymysql.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, password=self.pwd, database=self.db,
charset="utf8")
# 使用 cursor() 方法创建一个游标对象 cursor
cur = self.conn.cursor()
if not cur:
raise (NameError, "连接数据库失败")
else:
return cur
def execute_sql_query(self, sql):
"""
执行查询语句execute_sql_query调用示例：返回的是一个包含tuple的list，list的元素是记录行，tuple的元素是每行记录的字段;以及一个list：元素的列名列表
ms = pymysql(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="PythonWeiboStatistics")
resList = ms.execute_sql_query("SELECT id,NickName FROM WeiBoUser")
for (id, NickName) in resList:
print(str(id), NickName)
:param sql:
:return: 查询结果
"""
cur = self.__get_connect()
try:
cur.execute(sql)
resList = cur.fetchall()
desc_res = cur.description
return resList, desc_res
except:
print("Failed| execute mysql query failed.")
finally:
# 查询完毕后必须关闭连接
cur.close()
self.conn.close()
def execute_sql_operate(self, sql):
"""
:param sql:
执行非查询语句execute_sql_operate调用示例：ms.execute_sql_operate("insert into WeiBoUser values('2','3')")
"""
cur = self.__get_connect()
try:
cur.execute(sql)
self.conn.commit()
except:
# 发生错误时回滚
self.conn.rollback()
print("Failed| execute mysql update/insert/delete failed.")
finally:
cur.close()
self.conn.close()
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 查询数据库并返回字典类型的字段名，相应字段值：
# sqlquery = "select * from user_info where user_name='test1'"
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def get_dict_value_from_db(sqlquery, flag='MSSQL'):
try:
res_dict = {}
flag = flag.upper().strip()
if flag == 'MSSQL':
ms = MSSQL(host=db_host, user=db_user, pwd=db_pwd, db=db_name)
resList = ms.ExecQuery(sqlquery)
elif flag == 'MYSQL':
ms = MySQL(db_host, db_user, db_pwd, db_name)
resList = ms.execute_sql_query(sqlquery)
else:
resList = ''
print('Fail| get_dict_value_from_db:' + str(sqlquery) + ' Failed.')
row_list = resList[0]
col_list = resList[1]
cols = [d[0] for d in col_list]
for row in row_list:
res_dict = dict(zip(cols, row)) # 将两个列表合并成一个字典 dict(zip())方法
return res_dict
except Exception as e:
raise Exception(f'Fail| get_dict_value_from_db failed.Unexpected error: {e}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
sql_query = "select * from user_info where user_name='test1'"
print(str(get_dict_value_from_db(sql_query)))
