流程图
借用官网文档的流程图，步骤如下：
1、客户端主机从网卡引导启动，启动后发广播请求，向DHCP服务器申请临时通信IP，最终，DHCP服务器给客户端主机分配了 192.168.31.250
同时，DHCP服务器通过参数next-server指定了TFTP服务器IP 192.168.31.212，通过参数filename指定了网络引导映像文件 pxelinux.0
2、客户端主机首先从TFTP服务器下载网络引导映像文件 pxelinux.0，然后从TFTP服务器上读取启动菜单文件 pxelinux.cfg/default
default 文件中指定了内核文件，启动配置文件，自动应答配置文件
3、客户端主机依次从TFTP服务器下载内核和其他ESXi 组件，引导启动内核、安装程序
4、安装程序读取自动应答配置文件ks.cfg，实现自动化安装
准备工作
PXE Server 操作系统
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)3.86 版本的 SYSLINUX 软件包
下载地址
ESXi 安装程序 ISO 映像
ESXi-6.5-U1-7967591.iso安装配置
安装基础软件包
[root@slave-248212 ~]# yum install -y dhcp tftp-server httpd配置 dhcp
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#
# option definitions common to all supported networks...
#option domain-name "example.org";
#option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
#ddns-update-style none;
# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;
# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
subnet 192.168.31.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.31.250 192.168.31.253;
next-server 192.168.31.212; # 指定TFTP服务器地址
filename "pxelinux.0"; # 指定网络引导映像文件
}配置 tftp
启用 tftp 服务
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot # TFTP服务器顶级目录
disable = no # 从yes修改为no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}解压缩 syslinux-3.86.zip，复制 pxelinux.0 到 /var/lib/tftpboot
解压缩 ESXi-6.5-U1-7967591.iso， 复制所有文件到 /var/lib/tftpboot/esxi6.5
[root@slave-248212 ~]# ls -lh /var/lib/tftpboot
total 32K
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Jul 6 12:01 boot.msg # 启动引导界面
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Jul 6 12:06 esxi6.5 # ESXi ISO 解压缩目录
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17K Jul 6 13:29 pxelinux.0 # syslinux-3.86.zip 解压缩文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 21 Jul 6 13:34 pxelinux.cfg # 新建目录，创建配置文件default创建启动菜单文件 boot.msg 和 default
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/boot.msg
___________ _____________ ___.__ ________ .________
\_ _____// _____/\ \/ /|__| / _____/ | ____/
| __)_ \_____ \ \ / | | / __ \ |____ \
| \/ \ / \ | | \ |__\ \ / \
/_______ /_______ //___/\ \|__| \_____ / /\/______ /
\/ \/ \_/ \/ \/ \/
0. Boot From LocalDisk
1. Install VMWare ESXi6.5[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default 0
prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
##### Boot From Localdisk #####
label 0
localboot 0xffff
##### Install VMWare esxi6.0 #####
label 1
kernel esxi6.5/mboot.c32
append -c esxi6.5/boot.cfg ks=http://192.168.31.212/esxi6.5/ks.cfg配置 ks.cfg
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /var/www/html/esxi6.5/ks.cfg
accepteula
install --firstdisk --overwritevmfs
rootpw P@ssw0rd123
reboot
network --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.31.250 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.31.1 --hostname=192-168-31-250 --nameserver=114.114.114.114 --addvmportgroup=1
%firstboot --interpreter=busybox
vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh
vim-cmd hostsvc/start_ssh
vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_esx_shell
vim-cmd hostsvc/start_esx_shell启动服务
[root@slave-248212 ~]# systemctl start tftp && systemctl start dhcp && systemctl start httpd