Progressive Web Apps (pwa)让网页渐进式地变成App !

Progressive Web Apps 以下简称 PWA 是 Google 提出的用前沿的 Web 技术为网页提供 App 般使用体验的一系列方案。

使网页具备了何种功能 ?

1.  可以如同应用程序一般添加快速打开方式, 并且不用通过app store !

Progressive Web Apps (pwa)让网页渐进式地变成App !_第1张图片

2.  另外还支持数据缓存, 离线运行, 后台推送消息等功能 !


一个简单的demo讲解代码结构 ?

完整实例代码可访问我的 github 点击打开链接

Progressive Web Apps (pwa)让网页渐进式地变成App !_第2张图片

index.html 

  <html lang="en">
  <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>testtitle>
  <scriptsrc="sw.js">script>
  <link rel="manifest"href="./manifest.json" />
  <script>//Service Worker 在网页已经关闭的情况下还可以运行, 用来实现页面的缓存和离线, 后台通知等等功能
  if ('serviceWorker'innavigator) {
  navigator.serviceWorker
  .register('./sw.js')
  .then(function() {console.log('Service Worker Registered'); });
  }
  script>
  head>
  <body style="background-color: aqua">
  hello word !
  body>
  html>

manifest.json:为了让 PWA 应用被添加到主屏幕, 使用 manifest.json 定义应用的名称, 图标等等信息。

{
  "name":"Weather",
  "short_name":"Weather",
  "icons": [{
  "src":"https://placekitten.com/128/128",
  "sizes":"128x128",
  "type":"image/png"
  }, {
  "src":"https://placekitten.com/144/144",
  "sizes":"144x144",
  "type":"image/png"
  }, {
  "src":"https://placekitten.com/152/152",
  "sizes":"152x152",
  "type":"image/png"
  }, {
  "src":"https://placekitten.com/192/192",
  "sizes":"192x192",
  "type":"image/png"
  }, {
  "src":"https://placekitten.com/256/256",
  "sizes":"256x256",
  "type":"image/png"
  }],
  "start_url":"/index.html",
  "display":"standalone",
  "background_color":"#3E4EB8",
  "theme_color":"#2F3BA2"
  }
sw.js: 处理静态,动态缓存以及更新静态资源


 
  var dataCacheName = 'weatherData-v1';
  var cacheList =[
  '/',
  '/index.html'
  ]// 借助 Service Worker, 可以在注册完成安装 Service Worker 时, 抓取资源写入缓存
  self.addEventListener('install',function(e) {
  console.log('[ServiceWorker] Install');
  e.waitUntil(
  caches.open(cacheName).then(function(cache) {
  console.log('[ServiceWorker] Caching app shell');
  return cache.addAll(cacheList);
  })
  );
  });
  // 网页抓取资源的过程中, 在 Service Worker 可以捕获到 fetch 事件, 可以编写代码决定如何响应资源的请求
  self.addEventListener('fetch',function(e) {
  console.log('[Service Worker] Fetch',e.request.url);
  var dataUrl = 'https://query.yahooapis.com/v1/public/yql';
  if (e.request.url.indexOf(dataUrl)>-1) {
  /*
  * When the request URL contains dataUrl, the app is asking for fresh
  * weather data. In this case, the service worker always goes to the
  * network and then caches the response. This is called the "Cache then
  * network" strategy:
  * https://jakearchibald.com/2014/offline-cookbook/#cache-then-network
  */
  e.respondWith(
  caches.open(dataCacheName).then(function(cache) {
  return fetch(e.request).then(function(response){
  cache.put(e.request.url,response.clone());
  return response;
  });
  })
  );
  } else {
  /*
  * The app is asking for app shell files. In this scenario the app uses the
  * "Cache, falling back to the network" offline strategy:
  * https://jakearchibald.com/2014/offline-cookbook/#cache-falling-back-to-network
  */
  e.respondWith(
  caches.match(e.request).then(function(response) {
  return response || fetch(e.request);
  })
  );
  }
  });
  // 缓存的资源随着版本的更新会过期, 所以会根据缓存的字符串名称(这里变量为 dataCacheName, 值用了 "weatherData-v1")清除旧缓存, 可以遍历所有的缓存名称逐一判断决决定是否清除
  self.addEventListener('activate',function(e) {
  console.log('[ServiceWorker] Activate');
  if (key !== cacheName && key!== dataCacheName)
  e.waitUntil(
  caches.keys().then(function(keyList) {
  return Promise.all(keyList.map(function(key) {
  if (key !== cacheName) {
  console.log('[ServiceWorker] Removing old cache', key);
  return caches.delete(key);
  }
  }));
  })
  );
  return self.clients.claim();
  });

demo 运行 ?

进入当前项目目录

http-server

其中 http-server 下载 https://www.npmjs.com/package/http-server

Progressive Web Apps (pwa)让网页渐进式地变成App !_第3张图片


访问: 

http://127.0.0.1:8080

Progressive Web Apps (pwa)让网页渐进式地变成App !_第4张图片


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