在软件系统中定位问题时日志不可或缺,但是当一个系统功能繁多,需要打印的日志也多如牛毛,此时为了提高我们浏览日志的效率,便于阅读的输出格式必不可少。
打印结构体是打印日志时最长见的操作,但是当结构体内容较多都在一行时,不易于阅读。在 Go 中结构体可以方便的转为 JSON,因此我们可以借助 JSON 完成对 struct 的格式化输出。
打印在一行,使用 %+v 显示结构体字段名:
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
// Student 学生信息
type Student struct {
Name string
Addr HomeInfo
M map[string]string
}
// HomeInfo 家庭住址
type HomeInfo struct {
Province string
City string
County string
Street string
DetailedAddr string
}
var student = Student{
Name: "dablelv",
Addr: HomeInfo{
Province: "Guangdong",
City: "Shenzhen",
County: "Baoan",
Street: "Xixiang",
DetailedAddr: "Shengtianqi",
},
M: map[string]string{
"hobby": "pingpopng",
},
}
func main() {
fmt.Printf("student=%+v\n", student)
}
运行输出:
student={Name:cat Addr:{Province:Guangdong City:Shenzhen County:Baoan Street:Xixiang DetailedAddr:Shengtianqi} M:map[hobby:pingpopng]}
输出格式化 JSON 串:
func main() {
bs, _ := json.Marshal(student)
var out bytes.Buffer
json.Indent(&out, bs, "", "\t")
fmt.Printf("student=%v\n", out.String())
}
运行输出结果:
student={
"Name": "cat",
"Addr": {
"Province": "Guangdong",
"City": "Shenzhen",
"County": "Baoan",
"Street": "Xixiang",
"DetailedAddr": "Shengtianqi"
},
"M": {
"hobby": "pingpopng"
}
}
将 strutc 转为 json 串后再格式化输出,大大增加了可阅读性。
转换函数已经添加至个人的 Go 工具库 go-huge-util,使用示例如下:
package main
import (
"fmt"
huge "github.com/dablelv/go-huge-util"
)
func main() {
s, _ := huge.ToFormattedJSON(&student)
fmt.Printf("student=%v\n", s)
}
运行输出:
student={
"Name": "cat",
"Addr": {
"Province": "Guangdong",
"City": "Shenzhen",
"County": "Baoan",
"Street": "Xixiang",
"DetailedAddr": "Shengtianqi"
},
"M": {
"hobby": "pingpopng"
}
}
[1] golang 对结构体进行格式化输出
[2] Golang.Package json