MBR分区表有一定的局限性,最大支持2.1tb硬盘,单块硬盘最多4个主分区。
这里就要引入GPT分区表,可以支持最大18EB的卷,最多支持128个主分区,所以如果使用大于2tb的卷,就必须使用GTP分区。
对/dev/sdb进行分区
parted /dev/sdb
进入交互模式:
(parted)
交互模式下常用命令:
print [free|all | NUMBER] |
查看分区状态信息 |
mkpart PART-TYPE START END |
创建新分区, |
PART-TYPE: primary extended logical |
|
START, END 开始,结束为止 |
|
set NUMBER FLAG STATE |
对编号为NUMBER的进行标记。 |
FLAG: boot 引导, hidden 隐藏, raid 软raid, lvm 逻辑卷, |
|
STATE: on| off |
|
mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE |
对NUMBER指定文件系统。FS-Type有:ext2、fat16、fat32、linuxswap、NTFS、reiserfs、ufs 等 |
cp [FROM-DEV] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER |
将分区 FROM-NUMBER 上的文件系统完整地复制到分区TO-NUMBER 中,作为可选项还可以指定一个来源硬盘的设备名称FROM-DEVICE,若省略则在当前设备上进行复制。 |
move NUMBER START END |
将指定编号 NUMBER 的分区移动到从 START 开始 END 结束的位置上。注意:(1)只能将分区移动到空闲空间中。(2)虽然分区被移动了,但它的分区编号是不会改变的 |
resize NUMBER START END |
对指定编号 NUMBER 的分区调整大小。分区的开始位置和结束位置由 START 和 END 决定 |
check NUMBER |
检查指定编号 NUMBER 分区中的文件系统是否有什么错误 |
rescue START END |
rescue START END |
mklabel,mktable LABELTYPE |
创建一个新的 LABEL-TYPE 类型的空磁盘分区表,对于PC而言 msdos 是常用的 LABELTYPE。 若是用 GUID 分区表,LABEL-TYPE 应该为 gpt. 还有其他的aix, amiga, bsd, dvh, gpt, mac, msdos, pc98, sun, loop |
实例:
[root@linux-node2 ~]# parted /dev/sdb #对sdb分区 GNU Parted 3.1 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) p #print 打印 Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 3221MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Disk Flags: Number Start End Size Type File system Flags (parted) mklabel #定义分区表类型,msdos是MBR分区表,可以用这个方法将硬盘转换成MBR New disk label type? gpt #分区表定义为gpt,之前是mbr分区,所以会有下面的提醒 Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue? Yes/No? yes #警告sdb之前的内容将会丢失 (parted) mkpart #创建分区 Partition name? []? sdb1 #分区表名称 File system type? [ext2]? ext4 #文件系统类型 Start? 0 #起始扇区 End? 1g #结束扇区 Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance. Ignore/Cancel? i #警告内容将删除,选择忽略 (parted) p #print打印分区信息 Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 3221MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 1000MB 1000MB ext4 sdb1 (parted) rm 1 #删除分区1 (parted) mkpart primary 0 1g #创建主分区1gb Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance. Ignore/Cancel? i #警告内容会被删除,选择忽略 (parted) mkpart primary 1g 3g #创建主分区2gb (parted) p #打印 Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 3221MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 1000MB 1000MB ext4 primary 2 1000MB 3220MB 2220MB ext4 primary (parted) q #退出 Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@linux-node2 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb #查看/dev/sdb分区
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
# Start End Size Type Name
1 34 1953125 953.7M Microsoft basic primary
2 1953792 6289407 2.1G Microsoft basic primary
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 #格式化sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
61056 inodes, 244136 blocks
12206 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=251658240
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7632 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@linux-node2 ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1 #查看sdb1的UUID
/dev/sdb1: UUID="612067e2-12ca-4410-9ab8-682b22c0da87" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="ae6af195-c535-4380-8a8f-e96c73730d96"
[root@linux-node2 ~]# echo 'UUID=612067e2-12ca-4410-9ab8-682b22c0da87 /data ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab #实现开机自动挂载
学习参考来自:http://www.cnblogs.com/onlybobby/p/7018788.html