基于vue cli创建一个vue项目
首先安装最新的vue cli脚手架,
npm install --global @vue/cli
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: [email protected] (node_modules\@vue\cli\node_modules\fsevents): npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for [email protected]: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"}) + @vue/[email protected] added 1230 packages from 670 contributors in 118.122s
查看安装的vue -V
@vue/cli 4.4.6
创建项目:vue create my-project-name(“my-project-name”,这个可以根据需要命名,尽量用英文)
Vue CLI v4.4.6
? Please pick a preset: Manually select features
? Check the features needed for your project: Babel, TS, Router, Vuex, CSS Pre-processors, Linter
? Use class-style component syntax? Yes ? Use Babel alongside TypeScript (required for modern mode, auto-detected polyfills, transpiling JSX)? Yes ? Use history mode for router? (Requires proper server setup for index fallback in production) Yes ? Pick a CSS pre-processor (PostCSS, Autoprefixer and CSS Modules are supported by default): Sass/SCSS (with node-sass) ? Pick a linter / formatter config: Prettier ? Pick additional lint features: Lint on save ? Where do you prefer placing config for Babel, ESLint, etc.? In dedicated config files ? Save this as a preset for future projects? Yes ? Save preset as: ts_tmpl
创建完成之后,会出现如下提示
⚓ Running completion hooks...
� Generating README.md...
� Successfully created project my-project-name.
� Get started with the following commands:
$ cd my-project-name
$ npm run serve
根据提示执行命令
E:\vue_codes>cd my-project-name
E:\vue_codes\my-project-name>npm run serve
> my-project-name@0.1.0 serve E:\vue_codes\my-project-name
> vue-cli-service serve INFO Starting development server... Starting type checking service... Using 1 worker with 2048MB memory limit 98% after emitting CopyPlugin DONE Compiled successfully in 5304ms 上午11:13:54 No type errors found Version: typescript 3.9.7 Time: 3160ms App running at: - Local: http://localhost:8080/ - Network: http://192.168.1.95:8080/ Note that the development build is not optimized. To create a production build, run npm run build.
在浏览器输入地址:http://localhost:8080/
出现如上图所示界面,表示项目创建成功了。
生成的代码目录结构如下:
两个声明文件:shims-vue.d.ts和shims.tsx.d.ts
shims-vue.d.ts:由于 TypeScript 默认并不支持 *.vue 后缀的文件,所以在 vue 项目中引入的时候需要创建一个shims-vue.d.ts 文件,放在项目项目对应使用目录下,例如 src/shims-vue.d.ts,用来支持*.vue 后缀的文件
shims-tsx.d.ts:允许.tsx 结尾的文件,在 Vue 项目中编写 jsx 代码
tsconfig.json:
typescript配置文件,主要用于指定待编译的文件和定义编译选项
normalize.css:Normalize.css 是一个可以定制的CSS文件,它让不同的浏览器在渲染网页元素的时候形式更统一。Normalize.css是一种CSS reset的替代方案。
.browserslistrc:这个配置能够分享目标浏览器和nodejs版本在不同的前端工具。这些工具能根据目标浏览器自动来进行配置,Browserslist这个东西单独是没用的,(补充: 在vue官方脚手架中,browserslist字段会被 @babel/preset-env 和 Autoprefixer 用来确定需要转译的 JavaScript 特性和需要添加的 CSS 浏览器前缀。)
browserslist的配置文件:
> 1% 兼容全球使用率大于1%的游览器
last 2 versions 兼容每个游览器的最近两个版本
not ie <= 8 不兼容ie8及以下
具体可见 browserslist。
改造项目结构
这种组件项目和我们日常的项目还是有很大区别的,由于前面我采用的是vue cli创建的完整模板项目,这里许多东西用不到,我们就将其删掉,最终项目目录结构如下:
examples:是组件使用示例
src/components:是组件源码
package.json代码如下:
{
"name": "jie-echarts",
"version": "0.1.0",
"private": false,
"description": "echarts组件",
"main": "dist/JieEcharts.common.js", "author": "zouqj", "license": "MIT", "scripts": { "serve": "vue-cli-service serve", "build": "vue-cli-service build", "lint": "vue-cli-service lint", "lib": "vue-cli-service build --target lib --name JieEcharts ./src/index.ts" },
"type": "git",
"url": "git+https://github.com/zouyujie/vue-components/tree/master/jie-echarts"
},
"bugs": {
"url": "https://github.com/zouyujie/vue-components/issues"
},
"homepage": "https://github.com/zouyujie/vue-components/tree/master/jie-echarts",
"keywords": [
"vue",
"vuejs",
"typescript",
"vuecli4.x"
],
"dependencies": { "core-js": "^3.6.5", "echarts": "^4.8.0", "ts-loader": "^8.0.1", "vue": "^2.6.11", "vue-class-component": "^7.2.3", "vue-property-decorator": "^8.4.2", "vue-router": "^3.2.0", "vuex": "^3.4.0" }, "devDependencies": { "@types/echarts": "^4.6.4", "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^2.33.0", "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^2.33.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-babel": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-eslint": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-router": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-typescript": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-vuex": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-service": "~4.4.0", "@vue/eslint-config-prettier": "^6.0.0", "@vue/eslint-config-typescript": "^5.0.2", "eslint": "^6.7.2", "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^3.1.3", "eslint-plugin-vue": "^6.2.2", "node-sass": "^4.12.0", "prettier": "^1.19.1", "sass-loader": "^8.0.2", "typescript": "~3.9.3", "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.11" } }
重点注意标红部分的配置。
tsconfig.json
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "esnext",
"module": "esnext",
"strict": true, "jsx": "preserve", "importHelpers": true, "moduleResolution": "node", "experimentalDecorators": true, "esModuleInterop": true, "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, "sourceMap": true, "baseUrl": ".", "typeRoots": ["/@types", "./node_modules/@types"], "types": ["webpack-env"], "paths": { "@/*": ["src/*"] }, "lib": ["esnext", "dom", "dom.iterable", "scripthost"] }, "include": [ "src/**/*.ts", "src/**/*.tsx", "src/**/*.vue", "tests/**/*.ts", "tests/**/*.tsx" ], "exclude": ["node_modules"] }
vue.config.js代码如下:
'use strict';
// Template version: 1.3.1
// see http://vuejs-templates.github.io/webpack for documentation.
const UglifyJsPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin'); const webpack = require('webpack'); const path = require('path'); const resolve = (dir) => path.resolve(__dirname, dir); module.exports = { // 修改 src 目录 为 examples 目录 pages: { index: { entry: 'examples/main.ts', template: 'public/index.html', filename: 'index.html', }, }, // vue 通过 file-loader 用版本哈希值和正确的公共基础路径来决定最终的图片路径,再用 url-loader 将小于 4kb 的 // 图片内联,以减少 HTTP 请求的数量。所以我们可以通过 chainWebpack 调整图片的大小限制。例如,我们将 // 图片大小限制设置为 13kb,低于13kb的图片全部被内联,高于13kb的图片会放在单独的img文件夹中。 chainWebpack: (config) => { const imagesRule = config.module.rule('images'); imagesRule .use('url-loader') .loader('url-loader') .tap((options) => Object.assign(options, { limit: 13312 })); }, // 设置css: { extract: false },可以强制内联,就不会将css单独打包成一个文件,导致页面没有style css: { extract: false }, productionSourceMap: false, };
说明:UglifyJS Webpack Plugin插件用来缩小(压缩优化)js文件,修改应用入口文件,examples/main.ts,方便执行npm run serve的时候,可以直接查看组件的示例。
.npmignore可以将一些不需要发布到npm的文件忽略掉,.npmignore配置如下:
.*
package-lock.json
/.git/
/.vscode/
tslint.json
tsconfig.json
*.log
.DS_Store
/dist
/examples /node_modules /public /src /tests .browserslistrc jest.config.js vue.config.js # local env files .env.local .env.*.local # Log files npm-debug.log* yarn-debug.log* yarn-error.log* # Editor directories and files .idea .vscode .gitignore .npmignore .npmrc *.suo *.ntvs* *.njsproj *.sln *.sw?
components下面
index.ts代码,以插件的形式进行封装,方便全局引用:
import jieEcharts from './jie-echarts.vue';
(jieEcharts as any).install = (Vue: any) => {
Vue.component(jieEcharts.name, jieEcharts);
};
export default jieEcharts;
jie-echarts.vue,是组件源码,代码:
@types目录下:
component.d.ts代码:
import Vue from 'vue';
export class VanComponent {
static name: string;
static install(vue: typeof Vue): void;
}
说明:@types是npm的一个分支,当我们把npm包发上去,npm包就会托管到服务器,供大家下载,但是ts为了代码的可复用性,要申明一些静态类型文件,那些文件就是*.d.ts
shims-vue.d.ts代码:
declare module "*.vue" {
import Vue from "vue";
export default Vue;
}
App.vue,组件引入演示界面,代码:
执行npm run serve,运行结果如下:
发布到NPM
3.执行npm login,进行登录
PS E:\vue_codes\my-project-name> npm login
Username: zouyujie
Password:
Email: (this IS public) [email protected]
如果你是使用的淘宝镜像,注意啊要先切换到npm官网镜像,切换方式:npm config set registry https://registry.npmjs.org/
4.执行命令 npm publish,进行发布,如果出现如下图所示错误:
说明邮箱没有绑定成功,点击https://www.npmjs.com/email-edit,进行绑定,然后重新执行npm publish,运行结果如下:
PS E:\vue_codes\my-project-name> npm publish
npm notice
npm notice package: [email protected]
npm notice === Tarball Contents ===
npm notice 632B dist/index.html
npm notice 4.3kB dist/favicon.ico
npm notice 66B babel.config.js npm notice 965.0kB dist/js/chunk-vendors.80f39f1d.js npm notice 6.3kB dist/js/index.f9222971.js npm notice 1.4kB package.json npm notice 327B README.md npm notice === Tarball Details === npm notice name: jie-echarts npm notice version: 0.1.0 npm notice package size: 341.3 kB npm notice unpacked size: 978.0 kB npm notice shasum: 2b65bfa887ba4677dc95a36a4b0403ebfecc9fde npm notice integrity: sha512-RwSE3lC8N3wZT[...]b1b9cvJ8UtL/w== npm notice total files: 7 npm notice + [email protected]
至此,npm发布成功。
然后我们去npm上,查看我们发布的npm包,
如果能看到如下图所示界面:
说明已发布成功。
注意:每次重新发布都要记得修改一下版本号,否则会发布失败。发布成功后,你的npm邮箱都会受到一封npm组件发布成功的邮件通知。
npm上地址:https://www.npmjs.com/package/jie-echarts
安装jie-echarts
npm i jie-echarts