STM32CUBE使用中的小问题
目的
（1）串口使用
1： 在函数HAL_UART_MspInit中添加，开启接收中断
__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1,UART_IT_RXNE); //开启接收中断
2 ： 为支持printf函数功能，在USART.C中添加如下部分
typedef struct __FILE FILE;
#ifdef __GNUC__
/* With GCC/RAISONANCE, small printf (option LD Linker->Libraries->Small printf
set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#else
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
#endif /* __GNUC__ */
/**
* @brief Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
/* Place your implementation of fputc here */
/* e.g. write a character to the EVAL_COM1 and Loop until the end of transmission */
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
return ch;
}
（2）RTC时钟的使用问题
RTC使用过程中，需修改初始化部分，否则会每次开机复位。修改代码如下
// if (HAL_RTC_SetTime(&hrtc, &sTime, RTC_FORMAT_BCD) != HAL_OK)
// {
// Error_Handler();
// }
// sDate.WeekDay = RTC_WEEKDAY_THURSDAY;
// sDate.Month = RTC_MONTH_AUGUST;
// sDate.Date = 0x15;
// sDate.Year = 0x19;
// if (HAL_RTC_SetDate(&hrtc, &sDate, RTC_FORMAT_BCD) != HAL_OK)
// {
// Error_Handler();
// }
//判断是否为第一次开机
if(HAL_RTCEx_BKUPRead(&hrtc,RTC_BKP_DR0)!=0x5050)
{
//设置RTC日期时间
if (HAL_RTC_SetTime(&hrtc, &sTime, RTC_FORMAT_BCD) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
sDate.WeekDay = RTC_WEEKDAY_THURSDAY;
sDate.Month = RTC_MONTH_AUGUST;
sDate.Date = 0x15;
sDate.Year = 0x19;
//设置时钟时间数据
if (HAL_RTC_SetDate(&hrtc, &sDate, RTC_FORMAT_BCD) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
//写入标志，用于第一次开机检查
HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite(&hrtc,RTC_BKP_DR0,0X5050);
}
此外RTC时钟读取时一定是先读取RTC Time 后读取RTC Date。
/**
* @brief Gets RTC current time.
* @param hrtc pointer to a RTC_HandleTypeDef structure that contains
* the configuration information for RTC.
* @param sTime Pointer to Time structure
* @param Format Specifies the format of the entered parameters.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg RTC_FORMAT_BIN: Binary data format
* @arg RTC_FORMAT_BCD: BCD data format
* @note You can use SubSeconds and SecondFraction (sTime structure fields returned) to convert SubSeconds
* value in second fraction ratio with time unit following generic formula:
* Second fraction ratio * time_unit= [(SecondFraction-SubSeconds)/(SecondFraction+1)] * time_unit
* This conversion can be performed only if no shift operation is pending (ie. SHFP=0) when PREDIV_S >= SS
*
* @note You must call HAL_RTC_GetDate() after HAL_RTC_GetTime() to unlock the values
* in the higher-order calendar shadow registers to ensure consistency between the time and date values.
* Reading RTC current time locks the values in calendar shadow registers until current date is read.
*
* @retval HAL status
*/
在官方函数中明确指出必须先读取 time后在读取Date，否则会出现未知错误。
@note You must call HAL_RTC_GetDate() after HAL_RTC_GetTime() to unlock the values in the higher-order calendar shadow registers to ensure consistency between the time and date values.
Reading RTC current time locks the values in calendar shadow registers until current date is read.
( 3 ) RTC的定时WakeUP问题
STM32内置RTC具备有两个闹钟与一个定时WakeUP功能，使用WakeUp中注意当正确使能中断后，仍未能进入中断
在STM32cube生成的代码中可以看到，生成代码使用了HAL_RTCEx_SetWakeUpTimer函数，但在函数说明中仅仅是Sets wake up timer。该函数只是设置了WakeUp一些参数未开启中断
/** Enable the WakeUp
*/
//触发时间 （2048-1）*（16/32768）=1S *60*60 =1h
if (HAL_RTCEx_SetWakeUpTimer(&hrtc,2047, RTC_WAKEUPCLOCK_RTCCLK_DIV16) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
将上述函数修改为HAL_RTCEx_SetWakeUpTimer_IT即可
/** Enable the WakeUp
*/
//触发时间 （2048-1）*（16/32768）=1S *60*60 =1h
if (HAL_RTCEx_SetWakeUpTimer_IT(&hrtc,2047, RTC_WAKEUPCLOCK_RTCCLK_DIV16) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
( 4）CAN通讯的使用
STM32cube生成代码中无ID滤波设置，需自行添加，以及一些启动CAN的操作
void SetCAN1_Filter(void)
{
CAN_FilterTypeDef sFilterConfig;
/*##-2- Configure the CAN1 Filter ###########################################*/
sFilterConfig.FilterBank=0; //指定要初始化的筛选器组。
sFilterConfig.FilterIdHigh=0X0000; //32位ID
sFilterConfig.FilterIdLow=0X0000;
sFilterConfig.FilterMaskIdHigh=0X0000; //32位MASK
sFilterConfig.FilterMaskIdLow=0X0000;
sFilterConfig.FilterFIFOAssignment=CAN_FILTER_FIFO0; //过滤器0关联到FIFO0
sFilterConfig.FilterMode=CAN_FILTERMODE_IDMASK;
sFilterConfig.FilterScale=CAN_FILTERSCALE_32BIT;
sFilterConfig.FilterActivation=ENABLE; //激活滤波器0
sFilterConfig.SlaveStartFilterBank = 14;
//初始化 CAN滤波器
if (HAL_CAN_ConfigFilter(&hcan1, &sFilterConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
/* Filter configuration Error */
Error_Handler();
}
//启动CAN_IT_RX_FIFO0_MSG_PENDING中断
if(HAL_CAN_ActivateNotification(&hcan1,CAN_IT_RX_FIFO0_MSG_PENDING)!=HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
//启动CAN
if(HAL_CAN_Start(&hcan1)!=HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}