Ubuntu 14.04keepalived环境搭建

声明:本博文用于学习总结及工作心得



MASTER192.168.1.154

BACKUP192.168.1.142

VIP  192.168.1.77

一:准备工作

1.    修改hosts (MASTER & BACKUP)

Vim  /etc/hosts

添加:

192.168.1.154 MASTER

192.168.1.142 BACKUP

2.    修改homename

永久性修改 vim /etc/hosts

       MASTER主机修改为 MASTER

       BACKUP主机修改为 BACKUP

3.    安装SSH服务 客服端及服务端都需要安装

4.    修改SSH配置文件

1): Vim /etc/ssh/ssh_config

StrictHostKeyChecking ask 改成StrictHostKeyCheckingno

2): vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PermitRootLogin no 改为PermitRootLogin yes

这里两台主机都需要修改后面会讲到具体作用(ssh root@BACKUP -p 58081 service tomcat7 stop)

二:解决依赖

1.    apt-getupdate

2.    apt-getupgrade 如果服务器以更新可以不做

3.    apt-getinstall libpop-dev

我这里是没找到这个安装包安装的是libpoppler-dev

4.    apt-getinstall daemon

三:

1.安装keepalived

# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz

# cd keepalived-1.2.18

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

# make

# make install

 

2. 将keepalived作为系统服务启动:

# mkdir /etc/sysconfig

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

 

3. 把keepalived 的配置文件放到/etc/keepalived 下,keepalived默认会读取这个文件。

# mkdir /etc/keepalived

 

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

 

4.编辑配置文件,修改以下的内容即可:

# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

   notification_email {

     sai@localhost # 报警邮件接收人的地址

   }

   notification_email_from root@localhost # 发送报警邮件发件人地址

   smtp_server 127.0.0.1# 发送邮件的服务器地址

   smtp_connect_timeout 30# 邮件超时时间(可以根据自己的需求进行设定)

   router_id MASTERL # 一个实例的标识地址(可以有多个实例但不能相同) BACKUP主机修改为BACKUP

}

vrrp_script monitor_tomcat {

  script “/root/scripts/monitor_tomcat.sh”#根据自己的实际路径放置健康检查脚本文件,这里写的是tomcat的检测脚本

  interval 1# 脚本执行间隔

Weight -5#脚本结果导致的优先级变更:5表示优先级加5;-5表示优先级减5

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {# 虚拟路由器自己的名字

    state MASTER# 设置服务器模式,当前为主节点,master端

    interface eth0# 实例网卡,也就是提供服务的网卡,来发送vrrp通告

    virtual_router_id 51# 设置vrid,这里非常重要,相同的vrid为一个组,他决定,它将决定多播的MAC地址.(建议不要使用默认地址,以免发生冲突)

    priority 100#  设置本节点的优先级,优先级高的为master BACKUP主机设置为95

    nopreempt #抢占方式实现当优先级高的调度节点故障恢复后,不再抢占为主调度服务器,从而也就避免了因调度节点的故障及故障恢复后来回切换的问题。

advert_int 1# 检查间隔,默认为1秒

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS# 认证方式,可以是pass或者AH两种认证方式

        auth_pass 1111# 认证密码

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {# 设置vip,虚拟ip地址(实现高可用,转移的vip地址)

        192.168.1.77# 此地址并不存在,当成为主节点时,此ip地址将会自动生成

}

script_track {

monitor_tomcat  #跟踪这个monitor_nginx脚本;就是不断去检查这个脚本

}

}

 

virtual_server localhost 8080 { 

        delay_loop 2   #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态 

        lb_algo wrr   #LVS算法 

        lb_kind DR    #LVS模式 

        persistence_timeout 60   #会话保持时间 

        protocol TCP 

        real_server localhost 8080 { 

        weight 3 

        notify_down  /root/scripts/monitor_tomcat.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本 

        TCP_CHECK { 

          connect_timeout 2    #连接超时时间 

          nb_get_retry 2       #重连次数 

          delay_before_retry 2   #重连间隔时间 

          connect_port 8080   #健康检查端口 

        } 

        } 

        } 

 

5.     使用expect进行ssh远程主机之间的交互 (MASTER & BACKUP)

1). apt-get install expect

2).编辑ssh交互脚本 vim /root/scripts/.

#!/usr/bin/expect -f

 

set port 58081

set user root

set host BACKUP  #BACKUP主机中这里需要更改为MASTER

set password 4753beeba235268793abe399debb07fd

set timeout -1

set RES ""

 

spawn ssh $user@$host -p $port service keepalived stop

expect "*assword:*"

 

send "$password\r"

expect eof

 

6.     tomcat健康检查脚本 脚本内容如下:(MASTER & BACKUP)

思路为 keepalived 侦测到tomcat down掉以后执行该脚本:

Curl 连接本地8080服务检查是否真的down掉,如果是,则继续使用cur连接BACKUP主机 8080服务,如果服务没有down掉, 即执行epect交互脚本登录BACKUP主机 并启动keepalived服务 休眠1秒 ,然后再杀掉本地keepalived服务,然后重启本地8080服务;否则尝试重启tomcat服务, 然后休眠60s然后再尝试使用curl连接本地8080服务,如果成功,则不管;否则杀死keepalived服务

MASTER: monitor_tomcat.sh

!/bin/sh

$(wget --spider http://localhost:8080/ 2> conn.txt )

RC=$(cat conn.txt | grep 'Connection refused')

#本地主机8080服务down掉

if [[ $RC != "" ]];then

        rm conn.txt

        $(wget --spider http://BACKUP:8080/ 2> conn.txt )

        BACKUPRC=$(cat conn.txt | grep 'Connection refused')

        if [[ $BACKUPRC == "" ]];then

                #如果BACKUP主机8080服务正常 执行expect脚本ssh远程登录BACKUP主机>并启动keepalived

                rm conn.txt

                /root/scripts/.

                #等待1s再杀掉本地的keepalived服务

                sleep 1

                service keepalived stop

                #尝试启动本地8080服务

                service tomcat7 restart

        else

                #BACKUP主机8080服务down掉 尝试重启本地8080服务 失败则杀掉keepalived服务 说明两台主机都down掉了

                rm conn.txt

                service tomcat7 restart

        else

                #BACKUP主机8080服务down掉 尝试重启本地8080服务 失败则杀掉keepalived服务 说明两台主机都down掉了

                rm conn.txt

                service tomcat7 restart

                $(wget --spider http://localhost:8080/ 2> conn.txt )

                LOCALRC=$(cat conn.txt | grep 'Connection refused')

                if [[ $LOCALRC != "" ]];then

                        #重启失败 杀掉keepalived

                        service keepalived stop

                fi

        fi

else

        rm conn.txt

        echo "no Warning"

fi

BACKUP:monitor_tomcat.sh

#!/bin/sh

$(wget --spider http://BACKUP:8080/ 2> conn.txt )

 

RC=$(cat conn.txt | grep 'Connection refused')

#本地主机8080服务down掉

if [[ $RC != "" ]];then

        rm conn.txt

        $(wget --spider http://MASTER:8080/ 2> conn.txt )

        MASTERRC=$(cat conn.txt | grep 'Connection refused')

        if [[ $MASTERRC == "" ]];then

                #如果MASTER主机8080服务正常 执行expect脚本ssh远程登录MASTER主机>并启动keepalived

                rm conn.txt

                /root/scripts/.

                #等待1s再杀掉本地的keepalived服务

                sleep 1

                service keepalived stop

                #尝试启动本地8080服务

                service tomcat7 restart

        else

                #MASTER主机8080服务down掉 尝试重启本地8080服务 失败则杀掉keepalived服务 说明两台主机都down掉了

                rm conn.txt

                service tomcat7 restart

                $(wget --spider http://localhost:8080/ 2> conn.txt )

                LOCALRC=$(cat conn.txt | grep 'Connection refused')

                if [[ $LOCALRC != "" ]];then

                        #重启失败 杀掉keepalived

                        service keepalived stop

                fi

                rm conn.txt

        fi

else

        rm conn.txt

        echo "no Warning"

fi

 

7.    BACKUP主机添加crontab定时任务 (BACKUP)

MASTER主机keepalived服务会进行健康检查,如果本机8080服务down掉,会自动执行健康脚本monitor_tomcat.sh;但是在BACKUP主机上尝试多次,依然不能自己执行健康脚本;所以添加定时任务每一秒执行一次

Crontab –e

追加: */2 * * * */root/scripts/monitor_tomcat.sh

 

8.     修改keepclived 启动脚本 (MASTER & BACKUP)

vim /etc/init.d/keepalived

start()

#daemon keepalived ${KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS}

/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived

 

stop()

#killproc keepalived

killall keepalived

 

reload()

#killproc keepalived -1

killall keepalived -1

 

 

 

9.     重启服务器 测试:

输入ip a ,VIP 77 绑定在MASTER主机eth0端口;尝试关闭MASTER tomcat7服务, VIP成功过度到BACKUP主机;反之关闭BACKUP主机8080服务,VIP成功过渡到MASTER主机;中间因为脚本原因, 会有几秒钟过度时间

 

 

 

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