gradlew 命令行 build 调试 构建错误 Manifest merger failed MD

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gradlew 命令行 build 调试 构建错误 Manifest merger failed MD

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目录

目录
解决 Manifest merger failed 问题
使用 gradlew 命令调试构建过程
gradlew 命令可配置的参数
获取所有 task
获取 task 执行过程的详细信息

解决 Manifest merger failed 问题

在android开发的时候，有时候会遇到这样的问题：

Manifest merger failed with multiple errors, see logs

但是要命的是，你管你怎么找，除了这个log，再没有什么其他的有用信息了，怎么办？

处理方式是这样的：
首先进入命令行，输入命令

gradlew processDebugManifest --stacktrace

PS：
Run gradlew tasks to get a list of available tasks.
Run with 【--stacktrace】 option to get the stack trace.
Run with 【--info】 or 【--debug】 option to get more log output.
Run with 【--scan】 to get full insights.

其中，processDebugManifest 是用于调试清单文件的，这个命令会获取更多的log信息。
然后会输出很多信息，其中有用的是这一部分：

> Task :app:processDebugManifest FAILED
C:\Android\_coder\_workspace_as\DDComponent_Simple\app\src\main\AndroidManifest.xml:6:5-20:19 Error:
        tools:replace specified at line:6 for attribute android:theme, but no new value specified
C:\Android\_coder\_workspace_as\DDComponent_Simple\app\src\main\AndroidManifest.xml Error:
        Validation failed, exiting
See http://g.co/androidstudio/manifest-merger for more information about the manifest merger.

卧槽，一看我就明白了，原来是这里写错了：

本来 replace 是用于合并清单文件时替换依赖库或子模块中的配置的，但是这里因为没有指定 theme ，所以替换时就会因找不到 theme 而报错。

修改方式当然相应的有两种，一种是指定 theme，另一种是不替换 theme。

使用 gradlew 命令调试构建过程

gradlew 命令可配置的参数

执行【gradlew --help】命令可获取 gradlew 命令可配置的参数

USAGE: gradlew [option...] [task...]

-?, -h, --help Shows this help message.
-a, --no-rebuild Do not rebuild project dependencies. [deprecated]
-b, --build-file Specify the build file.
--build-cache Enables the Gradle build cache. Gradle will try to reuse outputs from previous builds. [incubating]
-c, --settings-file Specify the settings file.
--configure-on-demand Configure necessary projects only. Gradle will attempt to reduce configuration time for large multi-project builds. [incubating]
--console Specifies which type of console output to generate. Values are 'plain', 'auto' (default), 'rich' or 'verbose'.
--continue Continue task execution after a task failure.
-D, --system-prop Set system property of the JVM (e.g. -Dmyprop=myvalue).
-d, --debug Log in debug mode (includes normal stacktrace).
--daemon Uses the Gradle Daemon to run the build. Starts the Daemon if not running.
--foreground Starts the Gradle Daemon in the foreground. [incubating]
-g, --gradle-user-home Specifies the gradle user home directory.
-I, --init-script Specify an initialization script.
-i, --info Set log level to info.
--include-build Include the specified build in the composite. [incubating]
-m, --dry-run Run the builds with all task actions disabled.
--max-workers Configure the number of concurrent workers Gradle is allowed to use. [incubating]
--no-build-cache Disables the Gradle build cache. [incubating]
--no-configure-on-demand Disables the use of configuration on demand. [incubating]
--no-daemon Do not use the Gradle daemon to run the build. Useful occasionally if you have configured Gradle to always run with the daemon by default.
--no-parallel Disables parallel execution to build projects. [incubating]
--no-scan Disables the creation of a build scan. For more information about build scans, please visit https://gradle.com/build-scans. [incubating]
--offline Execute the build without accessing network resources.
-P, --project-prop Set project property for the build script (e.g. -Pmyprop=myvalue).
-p, --project-dir Specifies the start directory for Gradle. Defaults to current directory.
--parallel Build projects in parallel. Gradle will attempt to determine the optimal number of executor threads to use. [incubating]
--profile Profile build execution time and generates a report in the /reports/profile directory.
--project-cache-dir Specify the project-specific cache directory. Defaults to .gradle in the root project directory.
-q, --quiet Log errors only.
--recompile-scripts Force build script recompiling. [deprecated]
--refresh-dependencies Refresh the state of dependencies.
--rerun-tasks Ignore previously cached task results.
-S, --full-stacktrace Print out the full (very verbose) stacktrace for all exceptions.
-s, --stacktrace Print out the stacktrace for all exceptions.
--scan Creates a build scan. Gradle will emit a warning if the build scan plugin has not been applied. (https://gradle.com/build-scans) [incubating]
--status Shows status of running and recently stopped Gradle Daemon(s).
--stop Stops the Gradle Daemon if it is running.
-t, --continuous Enables continuous build. Gradle does not exit and will re-execute tasks when task file inputs change. [incubating]
-u, --no-search-upward Don't search in parent folders for a settings file.
-v, --version Print version info.
-w, --warn Set log level to warn.
-x, --exclude-task Specify a task to be excluded from execution.

获取所有 task

执行【gradlew tasks】命令可获取所有 task
To see all tasks and more detail, run gradlew tasks --all
To see more detail about a task, run gradlew help --task

> Task :tasks 
------------------------------------------------------------
All tasks runnable from root project
------------------------------------------------------------

Android tasks
-------------
androidDependencies - Displays the Android dependencies of the project.
signingReport - Displays the signing info for each variant.
sourceSets - Prints out all the source sets defined in this project.

Build tasks
-----------
assemble - Assembles all variants of all applications and secondary packages.
assembleAndroidTest - Assembles all the Test applications.
assembleDebug - Assembles all Debug builds.
assembleRelease - Assembles all Release builds.
build - Assembles and tests this project.
buildDependents - Assembles and tests this project and all projects that depend on it.
buildNeeded - Assembles and tests this project and all projects it depends on.
clean - Deletes the build directory.
cleanBuildCache - Deletes the build cache directory.
compileDebugAndroidTestSources
compileDebugSources
compileDebugUnitTestSources
compileReleaseSources
compileReleaseUnitTestSources
mockableAndroidJar - Creates a version of android.jar that's suitable for unit tests.

Build Setup tasks
-----------------
init - Initializes a new Gradle build.
wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files.

Help tasks
----------
buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'RxJavaDemo'.
components - Displays the components produced by root project 'RxJavaDemo'. [incubating]
dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'RxJavaDemo'.
dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'RxJavaDemo'.
dependentComponents - Displays the dependent components of components in root project 'RxJavaDemo'. [incubating]
help - Displays a help message.
model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'RxJavaDemo'. [incubating]
projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'RxJavaDemo'.
properties - Displays the properties of root project 'RxJavaDemo'.
tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'RxJavaDemo' (some of the displayed tasks may belong to subprojects).

Install tasks
-------------
installDebug - Installs the Debug build.
installDebugAndroidTest - Installs the android (on device) tests for the Debug build.
uninstallAll - Uninstall all applications.
uninstallDebug - Uninstalls the Debug build.
uninstallDebugAndroidTest - Uninstalls the android (on device) tests for the Debug build.
uninstallRelease - Uninstalls the Release build.

Verification tasks
------------------
check - Runs all checks.
connectedAndroidTest - Installs and runs instrumentation tests for all flavors on connected devices.
connectedCheck - Runs all device checks on currently connected devices.
connectedDebugAndroidTest - Installs and runs the tests for debug on connected devices.
deviceAndroidTest - Installs and runs instrumentation tests using all Device Providers.
deviceCheck - Runs all device checks using Device Providers and Test Servers.
lint - Runs lint on all variants.
lintDebug - Runs lint on the Debug build.
lintRelease - Runs lint on the Release build.
lintVitalRelease - Runs lint on just the fatal issues in the release build.
test - Run unit tests for all variants.
testDebugUnitTest - Run unit tests for the debug build.
testReleaseUnitTest - Run unit tests for the release build.

获取 task 执行过程的详细信息

可以使用以下几个参数中的一个【--stacktrace】【--info】【--debug】【--scan】
例如【gradlew assembleDebug --stacktrace】可以获取 build 过程的详细信息
例如【gradlew processDebugManifest --stacktrace】可以获取 Manifest 检查、合并过程的详细信息

一般用来处理在build时报错但有没有提示具体是什么错时使用，根据经验，通过这种方式基本能获取非常精确的错误信息。

第一次使用(并非是整个PC环境的第一次使用，往往是你AS每次启动后的第一次使用)的时候可能非常慢，因为需要下载大量的文件，不过一般都是正常下载的，应该很少出现下一半下载失败的问题。

2018-8-20