MongoDB数据库基本操作使用详解

一、基本操作

1.显示数据库列表：show dbs

> show dbs
admin  0.000GB
local  0.000GB
wgq    0.000GB

2.切换当前数据库/创建数据库：use

> use test
switched to db test

3.显示数据库操作命令：db.help

> db.help
function () {
        print("DB methods:");
        print(
            "\tdb.adminCommand(nameOrDocument) - switches to 'admin' db, and runs command [ just calls db.runCommand(...) ]");
        print("\tdb.auth(username, password)");
        print("\tdb.cloneDatabase(fromhost)");
        print("\tdb.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command");
        print("\tdb.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)");
        print("\tdb.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } )");
        print("\tdb.createView(name, viewOn, [ { $operator: {...}}, ... ], { viewOptions } )");
        print("\tdb.createUser(userDocument)");
        print("\tdb.currentOp() displays currently executing operations in the db");
        print("\tdb.dropDatabase()");
        print("\tdb.eval() - deprecated");
        print("\tdb.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups");
        print("\tdb.fsyncUnlock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()");
        print("\tdb.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname");
        print(
            "\tdb.getCollectionInfos([filter]) - returns a list that contains the names and options" +
            " of the db's collections");
        print("\tdb.getCollectionNames()");
        print("\tdb.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string");
        print("\tdb.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object");
        print("\tdb.getLogComponents()");
        print("\tdb.getMongo() get the server connection object");
        print("\tdb.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server");
        print("\tdb.getName()");
        print("\tdb.getPrevError()");
        print("\tdb.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated");
        print("\tdb.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold");
        print("\tdb.getReplicationInfo()");
        print("\tdb.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one");
        print(
            "\tdb.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this db, inherited from server object if set");
        print("\tdb.hostInfo() get details about the server's host");
        print("\tdb.isMaster() check replica primary status");
        print("\tdb.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db");
        print("\tdb.listCommands() lists all the db commands");
        print("\tdb.loadServerScripts() loads all the scripts in db.system.js");
        print("\tdb.logout()");
        print("\tdb.printCollectionStats()");
        print("\tdb.printReplicationInfo()");
        print("\tdb.printShardingStatus()");
        print("\tdb.printSlaveReplicationInfo()");
        print("\tdb.dropUser(username)");
        print("\tdb.repairDatabase()");
        print("\tdb.resetError()");
        print(
            "\tdb.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command.  if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 }");
        print("\tdb.serverStatus()");
        print("\tdb.setLogLevel(level,)");
        print("\tdb.setProfilingLevel(level,) 0=off 1=slow 2=all");
        print(
            "\tdb.setWriteConcern(  ) - sets the write concern for writes to the db");
        print(
            "\tdb.unsetWriteConcern(  ) - unsets the write concern for writes to the db");
        print("\tdb.setVerboseShell(flag) display extra information in shell output");
        print("\tdb.shutdownServer()");
        print("\tdb.stats()");
        print("\tdb.version() current version of the server");

        return __magicNoPrint;
    }

4.删除当前数据库：db.dropDatabase()

> use weigion
switched to db weigion
> db.test.insert({'key': 'value'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show dbs
admin    0.000GB
local    0.000GB
weigion  0.000GB
wgq      0.000GB
> db.dropDatabase()
{ "dropped" : "weigion", "ok" : 1 }
> show dbs
admin  0.000GB
local  0.000GB
wgq    0.000GB

5.查看当前使用的数据库：db或者db.getName()

> use wgq
switched to db wgq
> db
wgq
> db.getName()
wgq

6.显示当前db状态：db.stats()

> db.stats()
{
	"db" : "wgq",
	"collections" : 2,
	"views" : 0,
	"objects" : 6,
	"avgObjSize" : 62.666666666666664,
	"dataSize" : 376,
	"storageSize" : 49152,
	"numExtents" : 0,
	"indexes" : 2,
	"indexSize" : 49152,
	"ok" : 1
}