SpringCloud中的gateWay 替换Nginx

一、网关基本概念

1、API网关介绍
2、Spring Cloud Gateway
3、Spring Cloud Gateway核心概念

二、创建api-gateway模块（网关服务）

1、在创建api_gateway网关模块(springboot)

注意:很重要

所有服务,都需要在nacos中注册服务

**

2、在pom.xml引入依赖

注意版本号

 <dependencies>
   <!--服务注册nacos-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
<!--gateway网关-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--服务调用-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    </dependency>
     <!--谷歌gson-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
        </dependency>

          <!--自己写的自定义异常的工具类 下面的统一异常如果要是用需要定义统一异常配置
可以查看统一返回异常怎样配置的-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.yzhswj</groupId>
            <artifactId>common_utils</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>

3、编写application.properties配置文件

网关服务端口

server.port=8222

# 网关服务端口
server.port=8222
# 服务名
spring.application.name=service-gateway

# nacos服务地址
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
#使用服务发现路由
spring.cloud.gateway.discovery.locator.enabled=true

#定义规则相当于Nginx
# 0 是当前模块
#设置路由id 理论上随便写,建议用服务名
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].id=service-acl
#设置路由的uri   lb://nacos注册服务名称
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].uri=lb://service-acl
#设置路由断言,匹配规则,代理servicerId为auth-service的/auth/路径
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].predicates= Path=/*/acl/**

#1 是 service-edu
#配置service-edu服务
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[1].id=service-edu
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[1].uri=lb://service-edu
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[1].predicates= Path=/teacher/**
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#.....

yml文件：

server:
  port: 8222

spring:
  application:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true
      routes:
      - id: SERVICE-ACL
        uri: lb://SERVICE-ACL
        predicates:
        - Path=/*/acl/** # 路径匹配
      - id: SERVICE-EDU
        uri: lb://SERVICE-EDU
        predicates:
        - Path=/eduservice/** # 路径匹配
      - id: SERVICE-UCENTER
        uri: lb://SERVICE-UCENTER
        predicates:
        - Path=/ucenter/** # 路径匹配
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

4、编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient//服务注册到nacos
public class ApiGatewayApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
    }
}

二、网关相关配置

1、网关解决跨域问题
测试一下,如果有问题请使用注解的方式
配置后启动类可以不用加跨域的注解 @CrossOrigin

@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
    @Bean
    public CorsWebFilter corsFilter() {
        CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
        config.addAllowedMethod("*");
        config.addAllowedOrigin("*");
        config.addAllowedHeader("*");

        UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(new PathPatternParser());
        source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config);

        return new CorsWebFilter(source);
    }
}

2、全局Filter，统一处理会员登录与外部不允许访问的服务

/**
 * 

 * 全局Filter，统一处理会员登录与外部不允许访问的服务
 * 
 *
 * 
 */
@Component
public class AuthGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    private AntPathMatcher antPathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        String path = request.getURI().getPath();
        //谷粒学院api接口，校验用户必须登录
        if(antPathMatcher.match("/api/**/auth/**", path)) {
            List<String> tokenList = request.getHeaders().get("token");
            if(null == tokenList) {
                ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
                return out(response);
            } else {
//                Boolean isCheck = JwtUtils.checkToken(tokenList.get(0));
//                if(!isCheck) {
                    ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
                    return out(response);
//                }
            }
        }
        //内部服务接口，不允许外部访问
        if(antPathMatcher.match("/**/inner/**", path)) {
            ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
            return out(response);
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

    private Mono<Void> out(ServerHttpResponse response) {
        JsonObject message = new JsonObject();
        message.addProperty("success", false);
        message.addProperty("code", 28004);
        message.addProperty("data", "鉴权失败");
        byte[] bits = message.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        DataBuffer buffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(bits);
        //response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
        //指定编码，否则在浏览器中会中文乱码
        response.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        return response.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
    }
}

3、自定义异常处理
服务网关调用服务时可能会有一些异常或服务不可用，它返回错误信息不友好，需要我们覆盖处理

/**
 * 覆盖默认的异常处理
 *
 * 
 *
 */
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class})
public class ErrorHandlerConfig {

    private final ServerProperties serverProperties;

    private final ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;

    private final List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers;

    private final ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer;

    public ErrorHandlerConfig(ServerProperties serverProperties,
                                     ResourceProperties resourceProperties,
                                     ObjectProvider<List<ViewResolver>> viewResolversProvider,
                                        ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer,
                                     ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        this.serverProperties = serverProperties;
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
        this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
        this.viewResolvers = viewResolversProvider.getIfAvailable(Collections::emptyList);
        this.serverCodecConfigurer = serverCodecConfigurer;
    }

    @Bean
    @Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
    public ErrorWebExceptionHandler errorWebExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        JsonExceptionHandler exceptionHandler = new JsonExceptionHandler(
                errorAttributes,
                this.resourceProperties,
                this.serverProperties.getError(),
                this.applicationContext);
        exceptionHandler.setViewResolvers(this.viewResolvers);
        exceptionHandler.setMessageWriters(this.serverCodecConfigurer.getWriters());
        exceptionHandler.setMessageReaders(this.serverCodecConfigurer.getReaders());
        return exceptionHandler;
    }
}

JsonExceptionHandler：

/**
 * 自定义异常处理
 *
 * 
异常时用JSON代替HTML异常信息

 *
 * 
 *
 */
public class JsonExceptionHandler extends DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler {

    public JsonExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes, ResourceProperties resourceProperties,
                                ErrorProperties errorProperties, ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        super(errorAttributes, resourceProperties, errorProperties, applicationContext);
    }

    /**
     * 获取异常属性
     */
    @Override
    protected Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(ServerRequest request, boolean includeStackTrace) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("success", false);
        map.put("code", 20005);
        map.put("message", "网关失败");
        map.put("data", null);
        return map;
    }

    /**
     * 指定响应处理方法为JSON处理的方法
     * @param errorAttributes
     */
    @Override
    protected RouterFunction<ServerResponse> getRoutingFunction(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        return RouterFunctions.route(RequestPredicates.all(), this::renderErrorResponse);
    }

    /**
     * 根据code获取对应的HttpStatus
     * @param errorAttributes
     */
    @Override
    protected int getHttpStatus(Map<String, Object> errorAttributes) {
        return 200;
    }
}