Android ContentProvider（类容提供者）之操作通讯录联系人 添加查询联系人

Android系统一般自带有：电话，邮件，浏览器功能；在电话通讯录及通信记录，均是以ContentProvider的形式向外来应用共享，所以我们要访问和操作通讯录，就需要通过ContentProvider实现。

操作通讯录：逻辑
- 首先需要知道Android系统的通讯录ContentProvider清单类容
- 然后获得其唯一标示
- 再然后去获得通讯录ContentProvider的业务路径
- 最后去操作通讯录的ContentProvider

查看Android自带电话通讯录源代码，得到ContentProvider如下：

查看Android自带电话通讯录源代码，得到通讯录ContentProvider业务路径如下：

查看Android自带电话通讯录源代码，得到通讯录ContentProvider共享表格内容类型如下：

类容类型目录表

操作类的ContactsService代码：

package com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider.contactsservice;

import android.content.ContentProviderOperation;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.OperationApplicationException;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider.domain.ContactText;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2016/12/20.
 */
public class ContactsService {
    private Context context;
    public ContactsService(Context context){
        this.context = context;
    }

    //获取所有联系人
    public List visitContacts(){
        List list = new ArrayList();
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/contacts");//所有联系人的工作路径
        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"_id"}, null, null, null);//获取所有联系人的ID
        while (cursor.moveToNext()){
            ContactText conract = new ContactText();
            int contactcId = cursor.getInt(0);
            uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/contacts/" + contactcId + "/data");//某一个联系人工作路径
            Cursor dateCursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"mimetype","data1","data2"}, null, null, null);//获取某一个联系人的信息
            while (dateCursor.moveToNext()){
                String date = dateCursor.getString(dateCursor.getColumnIndex("data1"));//信息
                String type = dateCursor.getString(dateCursor.getColumnIndex("mimetype"));//内容类型
                if("vnd.android.cursor.item/name".equals(type)){//name
                    conract.setName(date);
                }
                if("vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2".equals(type)){//name
                    conract.setEmail(date);
                }
                if("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2".equals(type)){//name
                    conract.setPhone(date);
                }
            }
            dateCursor.close();
            list.add(conract);
            Log.d("FLY","contactcId"+contactcId);
        }
        cursor.close();
        return list;
    }
    //根据号码获取联系人的姓名
    public String visitContactNameByPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber){
        String name = null;
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data/phones/filter/"+phoneNumber);//电话查询的工作路径
        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri,new String[]{"display_name"},null,null,null);
        if (cursor.moveToFirst()){
           name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("display_name"));
        }else {
            name = "未知联系人";
        }
        cursor.close();
        return name;
    }

    //添加联系人到通讯录
    public void addContact(ContactText conract){
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");
        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        long contacrId = ContentUris.parseId(resolver.insert(uri,values));
        //信息Uri
        uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");
        //添加姓名
        values.put("raw_contact_id",contacrId);
        values.put("mimetype","vnd.android.cursor.item/name");
        values.put("data2", conract.getName());
        resolver.insert(uri, values);

        //添加电话
        values.put("raw_contact_id",contacrId);
        values.put("mimetype","vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2");
        values.put("data2", "2");
        values.put("data1",conract.getPhone());
        resolver.insert(uri,values);

        //添加邮箱
        values.put("raw_contact_id",contacrId);
        values.put("mimetype","vnd.android.cursor.item/Email_v2");
        values.put("data2", "2");
        values.put("data1",conract.getEmail());
        resolver.insert(uri,values);
    }

    public void addContact2(ContactText conract) throws RemoteException, OperationApplicationException {

        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        ArrayList operations= new ArrayList();
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");
        ContentProviderOperation operation_1 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
                .withValue("account_name", null)
                .build();
        operations.add(operation_1);

        uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");
        ContentProviderOperation operation_2 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
                .withValueBackReference("raw_contact_id",0)//0为list中第一个对象，意思是使用第一个对象操作返回记录ID为这个字段的
                .withValue("mimetype","vnd.android.cursor.item/name")
                .withValue("data2", conract.getName())
                .build();
        operations.add(operation_2);

        ContentProviderOperation operation_3 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
                .withValueBackReference("raw_contact_id", 0)//0为list中第一个对象，意思是使用第一个对象操作返回记录ID为这个字段的
                .withValue("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2")
                .withValue("data1", conract.getPhone())
                .withValue("data2","2" )
                .build();
        operations.add(operation_3);

        ContentProviderOperation operation_4 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
                .withValueBackReference("raw_contact_id",0)//0为list中第一个对象，意思是使用第一个对象操作返回记录ID为这个字段的
                .withValue("mimetype","vnd.android.cursor.item/Email_v2")
                .withValue("data1", conract.getEmail())
                .withValue("data2","2" )
                .build();
        operations.add(operation_4);

        resolver.applyBatch("com.android.contacts",operations);
    }



}

联系人数据类ContactText代码：

package com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider.domain;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2016/12/20.
 */
public class ContactText {

    private String name;
    private String phone;
    private String Email;

    public ContactText(){

    }

    public ContactText(String name, String phone, String email) {
        this.name = name;
        this.phone = phone;
        Email = email;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return Email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        Email = email;
    }
}

测试类ContactsActivity代码:

package com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider;

import android.content.OperationApplicationException;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.R;
import com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider.contactsservice.ContactsService;
import com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider.domain.ContactText;

public class ContactsActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText contact_name ;
    private EditText contact_phone;
    private EditText contact_email;
    private EditText contact_visit_phone;
    private TextView contact_text;
    private ContactsService contactsService;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_contacts);
        init();
    }

    private void init(){
        contact_name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.contact_name);
        contact_phone = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.contact_phone);
        contact_email = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.contact_email);
        contact_visit_phone = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.contact_visit_phone);
        contact_text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.contact_text);

        contactsService = new ContactsService(this);
    }


    public void onClick (View view){
        ContactText contactText = new ContactText(contact_name.getText().toString(),contact_phone.getText().toString(),contact_email.getText().toString());
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.add_contact_button1:
                contactsService.addContact(contactText);
                break;
            case R.id.add_contact_button2:
                try {
                    contactsService.addContact2(contactText);
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (OperationApplicationException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.visit_contact_button:
                contact_text.setText(contactsService.visitContactNameByPhoneNumber(contact_visit_phone.getText().toString()));
                break;
            case R.id.visit_contacts_button:

                for (ContactText contactText1 :contactsService.visitContacts()){
                    Log.d("FLY", "contactcId" + contactText1.getName());
                    contact_text.setText(contact_text.getText().toString()+"\n"+contactText1.getName());
                }
                break;
        }
    }

}

Activity界面XML代码：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    style="@style/MatchMatch"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.foundationdemo.contactsprovider.ContactsActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/contact_name"
        style="@style/MatchWrap"
        android:hint="请输入联系人姓名" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/contact_phone"
        style="@style/MatchWrap"
        android:inputType="phone"
        android:hint="请输入联系人电话" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/contact_email"
        style="@style/MatchWrap"
        android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
        android:hint="请输入联系人Email" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/add_contact_button1"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        style="@style/WrapWrap"
        android:text="添加联系人1"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/add_contact_button2"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        style="@style/WrapWrap"
        android:text="添加联系人2"/>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/contact_visit_phone"
        style="@style/MatchWrap"
        android:inputType="phone"
        android:hint="请输入查询电话号码"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/visit_contact_button"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        style="@style/WrapWrap"
        android:text="查询联系人姓名"/>
   <Button
       android:id="@+id/visit_contacts_button"
       android:onClick="onClick"
       style="@style/WrapWrap"
       android:text="查询所有"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/contact_text"
        style="@style/WrapWrap"/>
LinearLayout>

效果图：