解决：Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.

转自：https://blog.csdn.net/yzyssg1/article/details/77151551

现象：非正常关机后，在开机信息最末尾出现

1	[   15.721411] FAT-fs (mmcblk0p1): Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.

原因：非正常关机，比如没执行 sudo poweroff 关机就拔掉 MicroUSB 供电插头。

解决：

• 方法1：最方便的是，将TF卡取下，用USB读卡器插入Windows系统，用磁盘修复即可。
• 方法2：在树莓派里使用 dosfstool，参见 http://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=64843

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  # umount /boot # git clone http://daniel-baumann.ch/git/software/dosfstools.git   # cd dosfstools   # make cc -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -g   -c -o fatlabel.o src/fatlabel.c . . . cc   mkfs.fat.o   -o mkfs.fat # ./fsck.fat -V /dev/mmcblk0p1 fsck.fat 3.0.24 (2013-11-23) 0x25: Dirty bit is set. Fs was not properly unmounted and some data may be corrupt. 1) Remove dirty bit 2) No action ? 1 Starting check/repair pass. Starting verification pass. Leaving filesystem unchanged. /dev/mmcblk0p1: 14 files, 2383/7161 clusters   ./fsck.fat -a /dev/mmcblk0p1   #mount /boot

• 方法3：直接使用我编译好的 fsck.fat

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  pi@raspberrypi ~ $ git clone https://github.com/davidrobot/myRaspi.git Cloning into 'myRaspi'... remote: Counting objects: 5, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 5 (delta 0) Unpacking objects: 100% (5/5), done. pi@raspberrypi ~ $ cd myRaspi/bin/ pi@raspberrypi ~/myRaspi/bin $ chmod +x fsck.fat pi@raspberrypi ~/myRaspi/bin $ sudo cp fsck.fat /usr/bin pi@raspberrypi ~/myRaspi/bin $ sudo fsck.fat -a /dev/mmcblk0p1 fsck.fat 3.0.26 (2014-03-07) 0x25: Dirty bit is set. Fs was not properly unmounted and some data may be corrupt.  Automatically removing dirty bit. Performing changes. /dev/mmcblk0p1: 13 files, 1231/7161 clusters pi@raspberrypi ~/myRaspi/bin $

• 方法4：升级系统即可

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  sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

  或者使用全新的2014-12-24镜像。

2. 挂载U盘后必须要sudo才有写权限

现象：用户pi无写权限，必须sudo

原因：挂载时没有制定相关选项 uid 和 gid

解决：

• 先用 id 获取 uid gid再挂载

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  pi@raspberrypi ~ $ id uid=1000(pi) gid=1000(pi) groups=1000(pi),4(adm),20(dialout),24(cdrom),27(sudo),29(audio),44(video),46(plugdev),60(games),100(users),105(netdev),999(input),1002(spi),1003(gpio) pi@raspberrypi ~ $ sudo mount -o iocharset=utf8,uid=1000,gid=1000 /dev/sda4 /media/udisk/ pi@raspberrypi ~ $