Android实时通信
我们今天来聊下如何做实时通讯（先给知识点，实现原理，最后给出实现实时通信的具体代码--使用工具 android studio）
现在先说下用到的知识点：
-
java的socket包括服务端和客户端, 这个是用来实现通信
-
java的多线程,这个是用来实现实时通信
-
java的线程通信,实现界面实时更新
实现原理
就是将发送端，接收端分别放进一个线程去运行，然后利用线程通信类handler来进行线程间的通信，实现界面的通信
实现代码：
权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE">uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE">uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK">uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
Layout
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.MainActivity"
android:weightSum="10">
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#03A9F4"
android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
android:textSize="30sp"
android:text="IP"
android:id="@+id/myIP"/>
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:weightSum="10">
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:id="@+id/IP"
android:hint="请写入对方通讯地址IP"
/>
LinearLayout>
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="7"
android:gravity="top"
android:editable="false"
android:scrollbars="vertical"
android:id="@+id/receiveMessage"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1">
<EditText
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="8"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:hint="填写要发送的信息"
android:id="@+id/message"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="2"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="发送消息"
android:background="#03A9F4"
android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
android:id="@+id/sendMessage"/>
LinearLayout>
LinearLayout>
客户端类
package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
/**
* Created by asus on 2017/3/16.
*/
public class ChatClient {
public Socket requestSocket(String host) throws UnknownHostException,IOException{
Socket socket=new Socket(host,5000);
return socket;
}
public void sendMsg(Socket socket,String msg)throws IOException{
BufferedWriter writer=new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())
);
writer.write(msg.replace("\n","")+"\n");
writer.flush();
}
public String receiveMsg(Socket socket)throws IOException{
BufferedReader reader=new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())
);
String txt=reader.readLine();
return txt;
}
}
服务端类
package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* Created by asus on 2017/3/16.
*/
public class ChatServer extends Thread {
public ChatServer() throws IOException {
createSocket();
}
public void run(){
Socket client;
String txt;
Log.i("信息","成功开始服务器，端口为："+PORT);
try{
while (true){
client=ResponseSocket();
while(true){
txt=ReceiveMsg(client);
System.out.println(txt);
Message message1 = new Message();
message1.obj =txt+"\n";
com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.MainActivity.handler.sendMessage(message1);
if(true)
break;
}
// CloseSocket(client);
}
}catch (IOException e){
}
}
private Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
};
};
public ServerSocket server=null;
private int PORT =5000;
private BufferedWriter writer;
private BufferedReader reader;
public void createSocket() throws IOException{
server=new ServerSocket(PORT,100);
}
public Socket ResponseSocket() throws IOException{
Socket client =server.accept();
return client;
}
public void CloseSocket(Socket socket) throws IOException{
reader.close();
socket.close();
server.close();
}
public void sendMsg(Socket socket,String string)throws IOException{
writer=new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())
);
writer.write("msg"+string);
writer.flush();
}
public String ReceiveMsg(Socket socket) throws IOException{
reader=new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())
);
String txt ="对方:"+reader.readLine();
return txt;
}
}
MainActivity类
package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.text.ClipboardManager;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import static com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.R.id.receiveMessage;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
final ChatServer chatServer=null;
static String text="";
static EditText receivemessage=null;
final ChatClient chatClient = new ChatClient();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// 定义相关的变量
receivemessage=(EditText) findViewById(receiveMessage);
final EditText message=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.message);
final EditText IP = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.IP);
final Button sendmessage = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendMessage);
final Button myIP =(Button) findViewById(R.id.myIP);
// 获取wifi下的IP地址并显示
//获取wifi服务
WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
//判断wifi是否开启
if (!wifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
}
WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
int ipAddress = wifiInfo.getIpAddress();
String ip = intToIp(ipAddress);
myIP.setText(ip);
// 点击实现复制内容到粘贴板
myIP.setClickable(true);
myIP.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View arg0) {
ClipboardManager cm = (ClipboardManager) getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
// 将文本内容放到系统剪贴板里。
cm.setText(myIP.getText().toString());
}
});
// 初始化看是服务器
try{
ChatServer chatServer=new ChatServer();
chatServer.start();
}catch(IOException e){
Log.e("错误","开启服务器失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 点击按钮发送数据给相应的IP地址
sendmessage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
HideKeyboard(sendmessage);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Socket socket=chatClient.requestSocket(IP.getText().toString());
chatClient.sendMsg(socket,message.getText().toString());
Message message1 = new Message();
message1.obj ="自己： "+message.getText().toString()+"\n";
handler.sendMessage(message1);
}catch (IOException e){
Log.e("错误","发送失败");
}
}
}).start();
}
});
}
public static Handler handler=new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
Log.i("信息","其他线程发过来："+msg);
text+=msg.obj.toString();
receivemessage.setText(text);
receivemessage.setSelection(receivemessage.getText().length(), receivemessage.getText().length());
}
};
// 用于将结果以IP的形式放出
private String intToIp(int i) {
return (i & 0xFF ) + "." +
((i >> 8 ) & 0xFF) + "." +
((i >> 16 ) & 0xFF) + "." +
( i >> 24 & 0xFF) ;
}
//隐藏虚拟键盘
public static void HideKeyboard(View v)
{
InputMethodManager imm = ( InputMethodManager ) v.getContext( ).getSystemService( Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE );
if ( imm.isActive( ) ) {
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow( v.getApplicationWindowToken( ) , 0 );
}
}
}
效果展示
访问 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pLRmFsJ 即可百度云下载工程文件
密码：j1yi