Python 操作Excel 学习笔记(一)

#!C:/Python27
#coding=utf-8
import xlrd
import xlsxwriter


class readExcelFile(object):
    def __init__(self):
        #path = "D:/20170920-1.xls"
        print "初始化 >>> start ..."
    #打开文件读取内容,返回结果
    def openExcelFile(self):
        path = r"D:/20170920-1.xls"
        try:
            data = xlrd.open_workbook(path)
            table = data.sheets()[0]
            print data.sheet_names()#打印sheet页名称
            for a in data.sheet_names():
                print a
            nrows = table.nrows  # 行数
            ncols = table.ncols  # 列数
            print nrows,ncols
            colnames = table.row_values(3)  # 某一行数据
            list = []
            for rownum in range(1, nrows):
                row = table.row_values(rownum)
               # print row
                for b in row:
                    #将每行数据整行打印
                    print b,
                #把每行数据放入list中打印出来
        except Exception, e:
            print str(e)
    def newExcelFile(self):
        path = 'demo.xlsx'
        # 创建excel文件
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(path)
        #     添加worksheet,也可以指定名字
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
        worksheet.name = u'列表样式绘图'#修改第一列的名称
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('Test')
        # 设置第一列的宽度
        worksheet.set_column('A:A', len('hello ') + 1)
        # 添加一个加粗格式方便后面使用
        bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': True})
        # 在A1单元格写入纯文本
        worksheet.write('A1', 'Hello')
        # 在A2单元格写入带格式的文本
        worksheet.write('A2', 'World', bold)
        # 指定行列写入数字，下标从0开始
        worksheet.write(2, 0, 123)
        worksheet.write(3, 0, 123.456)
        # 在B5单元格插入图片
        worksheet.insert_image('B5', '165140.gif')
        workbook.close()
    def charts(self):
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chart_column.xlsx')
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
        bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})
        # 这是个数据table的列
        headings = ['Number', 'Batch 1', 'Batch 2']
        data = [
            [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
            [10, 40, 50, 20, 10, 50],
            [30, 60, 70, 50, 40, 30],
        ]
        # 写入一行
        worksheet.write_row('A1', headings, bold)
        # 写入一列
        worksheet.write_column('A2', data[0])
        worksheet.write_column('B2', data[1])
        worksheet.write_column('C2', data[2])
        ############################################
        # 创建一个图表，类型是column
        chart1 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'})
        # 配置series,这个和前面worksheet是有关系的。
        #     指定图表的数据范围
        chart1.add_series({
            'name': '=Sheet1!$B$1',
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$7',
        })
        chart1.add_series({
            'name': "=Sheet1!$C$1",
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$C$2:$C$7',
        })
        #    配置series的另一种方法
        #     #     [sheetname, first_row, first_col, last_row, last_col]
        #     chart1.add_series({
        #         'name':         ['Sheet1',0,1],
        #         'categories':   ['Sheet1',1,0,6,0],
        #         'values':       ['Sheet1',1,1,6,1],
        #                        })
        #
        #
        #
        #     chart1.add_series({
        #         'name':       ['Sheet1', 0, 2],
        #         'categories': ['Sheet1', 1, 0, 6, 0],
        #         'values':     ['Sheet1', 1, 2, 6, 2],
        #     })
        #      添加图表标题和标签
        chart1.set_title({'name': 'Results of sample analysis'})
        chart1.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})
        chart1.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})
        # 设置图表风格
        chart1.set_style(11)
        # 在D2单元格插入图表（带偏移）
        worksheet.insert_chart('D2', chart1, {'x_offset': 25, 'y_offset': 10})
        #######################################################################
        #
        # 创建一个叠图子类型
        chart2 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column', 'subtype': 'stacked'})
        # Configure the first series.
        chart2.add_series({
            'name': '=Sheet1!$B$1',
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$7',
        })
        # Configure second series.
        chart2.add_series({
            'name': '=Sheet1!$C$1',
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$C$2:$C$7',
        })
        # Add a chart title and some axis labels.
        chart2.set_title({'name': 'Stacked Chart'})
        chart2.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})
        chart2.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})
        # Set an Excel chart style.
        chart2.set_style(12)
        # Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).
        worksheet.insert_chart('D18', chart2, {'x_offset': 25, 'y_offset': 10})

        #######################################################################
        #
        # Create a percentage stacked chart sub-type.
        #
        chart3 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column', 'subtype': 'percent_stacked'})
        # Configure the first series.
        chart3.add_series({
            'name': '=Sheet1!$B$1',
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$7',
        })
        # Configure second series.
        chart3.add_series({
            'name': '=Sheet1!$C$1',
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$C$2:$C$7',
        })

        # Add a chart title and some axis labels.
        chart3.set_title({'name': 'Percent Stacked Chart'})
        chart3.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})
        chart3.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})
        # Set an Excel chart style.
        chart3.set_style(13)
        # Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).
        worksheet.insert_chart('D34', chart3, {'x_offset': 25, 'y_offset': 10})
        # 生成圆饼图
        chart4 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'pie'})
        # 定义数据
        data = [
            ['Pass', 'Fail', 'Warn', 'NT'],
            [333, 11, 12, 22],
        ]
        # 写入数据
        worksheet.write_row('A51', data[0], bold)
        worksheet.write_row('A52', data[1])

        chart4.add_series({
            'name': u'接口测试报表图',
            'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$51:$D$51',
            'values': '=Sheet1!$A$52:$D$52',
            'points': [
                {'fill': {'color': '#00CD00'}},
                {'fill': {'color': 'red'}},
                {'fill': {'color': 'yellow'}},
                {'fill': {'color': 'gray'}},
            ],
        })
        # Add a chart title and some axis labels.
        chart4.set_title({'name': u'接口测试统计'})
        chart4.set_style(3)
        #     chart3.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})
        try:
            worksheet.insert_chart('E52', chart4, {'x_offset': 25, 'y_offset': 10})
        except IOError as e:
            print e
        workbook.close()

if (__name__ == "__main__"):
    r = readExcelFile()
    #r.openExcelFile()
    #r.newExcelFile()
    r.charts()
    print('finished...')
    pass