正向代理隐藏了真实客户端向服务器发送请求,反向代理隐藏了真实服务器向客户端提供服务。
正向代理:
小王要结婚了,可是手上拿不出彩礼钱,他就找了好兄弟小张,小张同样没钱,但是小张认识思聪,于是小张从王思聪那里借到了20万交到了小王手上。对于思聪来说,他并不知道真正借钱的人是小王。
常见例子:科学上网VPN
反向代理:
小王结婚买房,他找到贷款中介,贷款中介给了他50万。但中介找哪个资方出资50万,小王完全不知情。
常见例子:Nginx反向代理服务器
代理架构图如下所示
Golang示例代码
server.go
type Server struct {
listener net.Listener
}
func NewServer(address ...string) []*Server {
s := make([]*Server, 0)
for _, a := range address {
lst, _ := net.Listen("tcp", a)
s = append(s, &Server{
listener: lst,
})
}
return s
}
func (s *Server) Run() {
for {
conn, _ := s.listener.Accept() //服务器监听代理请求
go s.handler(conn)
}
}
func (s *Server) handler(conn net.Conn) {
for {
msg := make([]byte, 1024)
_, _ = conn.Read(msg) //读取代理转发的客户端请求
fmt.Println(string(msg))
_, _ = conn.Write([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("message from Server: %s", s.listener.Addr().String()))) //服务器写入内容
}
}
agent.go
type Proxy struct {
listener net.Listener
backendAddress string
}
func NewProxy(agentAddress, serverAddress string) *Proxy {
lst, _ := net.Listen("tcp", agentAddress)
return &Proxy{
listener: lst,
backendAddress: serverAddress,
}
}
func (p *Proxy) Run() {
for {
frontConn, _ := p.listener.Accept() //等待客户端请求
backendConn, _ := net.Dial("tcp", p.backendAddress)
go p.Agent(frontConn, backendConn)
}
}
func (p *Proxy) Agent(frontConn, backendConn net.Conn) { //转发客户端请求与服务器返回
go io.Copy(backendConn, frontConn)
go io.Copy(frontConn, backendConn)
}
client.go
type Client struct {
conn net.Conn
}
func NewClient(proxyAddress string, num int) []*Client {
c := make([]*Client, 0)
for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
conn, _ := net.Dial("tcp", proxyAddress)
c = append(c, &Client{conn: conn})
}
return c
}
func (c *Client) Run() {
//发起客户端请求
_, _ = c.conn.Write([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("message from client: %s", c.conn.LocalAddr().String())))
msg := make([]byte, 1024)
//读取代理返回内容
c.conn.Read(msg)
fmt.Println(string(msg))
}
client.go
type Client struct {
conn net.Conn
}
func NewClient(proxyAddress string, num int) []*Client {
c := make([]*Client, 0)
for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
conn, _ := net.Dial("tcp", proxyAddress)
c = append(c, &Client{conn: conn})
}
return c
}
func (c *Client) Run() {
//发起客户端请求
_, _ = c.conn.Write([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("message from client: %s", c.conn.LocalAddr().String())))
msg := make([]byte, 1024)
//读取代理返回内容
c.conn.Read(msg)
fmt.Println(string(msg))
}
main.go
func main() {
servers := server.NewServer(":9998", ":9999") //开启本地9998和9999为服务器端口
for _, s := range servers {
go s.Run()
}
p := proxy.NewProxy(":9000", ":9999") //代理服务器端口9000,转发服务器端口9999
go p.Run()
for _, c := range client.NewClient(":9000", 3) { //客户端向9000代理端口发送请求
go c.Run()
}
select {}
获取完整代码见Github地址:https://github.com/slpslpslp/proxyDemo
想学习更多Go知识,请关注公众号:Golang技术分享。