蓝牙聊天——安卓
蓝牙聊天——安卓
- 目标
- 编码
- 蓝牙权限
- 界面布局
- 编写代码
- 客户端：
- 服务端：
- weixinFragment
- 运行结果
- 用户连接
- 手机1
- 手机2
- 用户之间发送消息
- 手机1
- 手机2
- 附录
- 参考文献
- 源码地址
目标
在类微信程序的第一子项中完成“蓝牙聊天功能”
编码
蓝牙权限
AndroidManifest.xml中需要添加权限信息
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
界面布局
这里使用的是ToolBar放置菜单栏和ListView放置聊天消息，一个输入框和按钮用于发送消息。
使用2个ListView分别展示已配对设备与未配对设备
编写代码
使用BluetoothSocket类的不同方法来发送和获取数据：
客户端：
private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;
public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
mmDevice = device;
BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
try {
tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
mmSocket = tmp;
}
@Override
public void run() {
setName("ConnectThread");
mAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
try {
mmSocket.connect();
} catch (IOException e) {
connectionFailed();
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
BluetoothChatService.this.start();
return;
}
synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) {
mConnectThread = null;
}
connected(mmSocket, mmDevice);
}
public void cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final InputStream mmInStream;
private final OutputStream mmOutStream;
public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
mmSocket = socket;
InputStream tmpIn = null;
OutputStream tmpOut = null;
try {
tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
mmInStream = tmpIn;
mmOutStream = tmpOut;
}
@Override
public void run() {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytes;
while (true) {
try {
bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);
mHandler.obtainMessage(homeFragment.MESSAGE_READ, bytes, -1, buffer).sendToTarget();
} catch (IOException e) {
connectionLost();
break;
}
}
}
public void write(byte[] buffer) {
try {
mmOutStream.write(buffer);
mHandler.obtainMessage(homeFragment.MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, buffer).sendToTarget();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
服务端：
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;
public AcceptThread() {
BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
try {
tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
mmServerSocket = tmp;
}
@Override
public void run() {
setName("AcceptThread");
BluetoothSocket socket = null;
while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) {
try {
socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); ////////
}
if (socket != null) {
synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) {
switch (mState) {
case STATE_LISTEN:
case STATE_CONNECTING:
connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice());
break;
case STATE_NONE:
case STATE_CONNECTED:
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
}
}
}
}
public void cancel() {
try {
mmServerSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
weixinFragment
设置ToolBar的事件监听以及其他控件的绑定
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar)view.findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
((AppCompatActivity) getActivity()).setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(view.getContext(), Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(getActivity(), new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 1);
}
}
toolbar.inflateMenu(R.menu.menu_main);
toolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new MyMenuItemClickListener());
mTitle = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title_left_text);
mTitle.setText("LXW");
mTitle = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title_right_text);
创建蓝牙操作对象，并判断是否开启蓝牙，如果没开启则请求开启
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "cannot use", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
getActivity().finish();
return view;
}
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { //
Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); //
} else {
if (mChatService == null) {
setupChat(); //
}
}
使用Hander对象实现传递消息，并且主页面上的连接状态的文本框进行更改
private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() { //
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE:
switch (msg.arg1) {
case BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED:
mTitle.setText(R.string.title_connected_to);
mTitle.append(mConnectedDeviceName);
mConversationArrayAdapter.clear();
break;
case BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTING:
mTitle.setText(R.string.title_connecting);
break;
case BluetoothChatService.STATE_LISTEN:
case BluetoothChatService.STATE_NONE:
mTitle.setText(R.string.title_not_connected);
break;
}
break;
case MESSAGE_WRITE:
byte[] writeBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj;
String writeMessage = new String(writeBuf);
mConversationArrayAdapter.add("Me:" + writeMessage);
break;
case MESSAGE_READ:
byte[] readBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj;
String readMessage = new String(readBuf, 0, msg.arg1);
mConversationArrayAdapter.add(mConnectedDeviceName + ": "
+ readMessage);
break;
case MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME:
mConnectedDeviceName = msg.getData().getString(DEVICE_NAME);
Toast.makeText(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), "666" + mConnectedDeviceName, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case MESSAGE_TOAST:
Toast.makeText(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), msg.getData().getString(TOAST), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
蓝牙设备搜索和展示的相应实现
private void init() {
Button scanButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_scan);
scanButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(DeviceList.this, R.string.scanning, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
doDiscovery(); //
}
});
mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.device_name);
mNewDevicesArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.device_name);
//
ListView pairedListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.paired_devices);
pairedListView.setAdapter(mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter);
pairedListView.setOnItemClickListener(mPaireDeviceClickListener);
//
ListView newDevicesListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.new_devices);
newDevicesListView.setAdapter(mNewDevicesArrayAdapter);
newDevicesListView.setOnItemClickListener(mNewDeviceClickListener);
//
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
mBtAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBtAdapter.getBondedDevices();
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
findViewById(R.id.title_paired_devices).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
}
} else {
String noDevices = getResources().getText(R.string.none_paired).toString();
mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter.add(noDevices);
}
}
运行结果
用户连接
手机1
手机2
用户之间发送消息
手机1
手机2
附录
参考文献
参考博客地址
源码地址
源码地址