Java 之 Response 文件下载案例

文件下载需求:

1. 页面显示超链接
2. 点击超链接后弹出下载提示框
3. 完成图片文件下载

分析过程:

1. 超链接指向的资源如果能够被浏览器解析,则在浏览器中展示,如果不能解析,则弹出下载提示框。不满足需求
2. 任何资源都必须弹出下载提示框
3. 使用响应头设置资源的打开方式:
   content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx

步骤:

1. 定义页面,编辑超链接href属性,指向Servlet,传递资源名称filename
2. 定义Servlet
	1. 获取文件名称
	2. 使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
	3. 指定response的响应头: content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx
	4. 将数据写出到response输出流

  

代码实现:

  下载页面:

 1 DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>文件下载title>
 6 head>
 7 <body>
 8 
 9 
10     <a href="/day13/img/狐狸.jpg">图片1a>
11 
12     <a href="/day13/img/2.jpg">图片2a>
13 
14     <a href="/day13/img/1.avi">视频a>
15     <hr>
16 
17 
18     <a href="/day13/downloadservlet?filename=狐狸.jpg">图片1a>
19 
20     <a href="/day13/downloadservlet?filename=2.jpg">图片2a>
21 
22     <a href="/day13/downloadservlet?filename=1.avi">视频a>
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 body>
28 html>

 

  DownLoadServlet 类

 1 import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
 2 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 3 import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
 4 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
 5 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 8 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 9 import java.io.IOException;
10 
11 @WebServlet("/downloadservlet")
12 public class downloadservlet extends HttpServlet {
13     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
14         //1获取请求参数,文件名称
15         String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
16 
17         //2使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
18         // 2.1 找文件服务器路径
19         ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
20         String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/img/" + filename);
21 
22         //2.2 使用字节流关联
23         FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);
24 
25         //3 设置 response 的响应头
26         // 3.1 设置响应头类型:content-type
27         String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType(filename);
28         response.setHeader("content-type",mimeType);
29         // 3.2 设置响应头打开方式:content-disposition
30 
31         response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);
32 
33 
34         // 4. 将输入流的数据写出到输出流中
35         ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
36 
37         byte[] buff = new byte[1024*8];
38         int len = 0;
39 
40         while((len = fis.read(buff)) != -1) {
41             sos.write(buff,0,buff.length);
42         }
43 
44         // 关闭流对象
45         fis.close();
46     }
47 
48     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
49         this.doPost(request, response);
50     }
51 }

 

  上面的案例中发现,当下载的文件名字是中文的时候,下载的时候会出现乱码。

文件名中文乱码问题

  解决思路:

    (1)获取客户端使用的浏览器版本信息

    (2)根据不同的版本信息,设置 filename 的编码方式不同

  编码工具类:

  使用 Base64 编码,需要导入 commons-codec-1.13.jar 包。

 1 package cn.itcast.download;
 2 
 3 
 4 import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;   
 5 
 6 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 7 import java.net.URLEncoder;
 8 
 9 
10 public class DownLoadUtils {
11 
12     public static String getFileName(String agent, String filename) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
13         if (agent.contains("MSIE")) {
14             // IE浏览器
15             filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
16             filename = filename.replace("+", " ");
17         } else if (agent.contains("Firefox")) {
18             Base64 base64Encoder = new Base64();
19             // 火狐浏览器
20             //BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
21             filename = "=?utf-8?B?" + base64Encoder.encode(filename.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";
22         } else {
23             // 其它浏览器
24             filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
25         }
26         return filename;
27     }
28 }

 

  DownLoadServlet 类(改进):

 1 package cn.itcast.download;
 2 
 3 import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
 4 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 5 import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
 6 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10 import java.io.FileInputStream;
11 import java.io.IOException;
12 
13 @WebServlet("/downloadservlet")
14 public class downloadservlet extends HttpServlet {
15     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
16         //1获取请求参数,文件名称
17         String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
18 
19         //2使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
20         // 2.1 找文件服务器路径
21         ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
22         String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/img/" + filename);
23 
24         //2.2 使用字节流关联
25         FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);
26 
27         //3 设置 response 的响应头
28         // 3.1 设置响应头类型:content-type
29         String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType(filename);
30         response.setHeader("content-type",mimeType);
31         // 3.2 设置响应头打开方式:content-disposition
32 
33         // 3.3 解决中文文件名问题
34           // 1 获取 user-agent 请求头
35         String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
36         // 2 使用工具类方法编码文件即可
37         filename = DownLoadUtils.getFileName(agent, filename);
38 
39         response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);
40 
41 
42         // 4. 将输入流的数据写出到输出流中
43         ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
44 
45         byte[] buff = new byte[1024*8];
46         int len = 0;
47 
48         while((len = fis.read(buff)) != -1) {
49             sos.write(buff,0,buff.length);
50         }
51 
52         // 关闭流对象
53         fis.close();
54     }
55 
56     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
57         this.doPost(request, response);
58     }
59 }

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/niujifei/p/11621866.html

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