Ubuntu 12.04.5安装TL-WN725N 2.0无线网卡驱动
实验室有线网络用不了。新配的台式机昨天刚到手。为了让该台式机能用上实验室的无线网络，只好新买了个TP-LINK无线USB网卡。按自带的说明书和提供的网卡，Win7下很简单。但我还装了Ubuntu，考虑不周，该网卡居然没提供Linux驱动。各种Google后终于找到解决方案，希望为后来人提供一点线索，少走弯路。
系统环境：Ubuntu 12.04.5 64位
系统内核：Linux kernel 3.13.0-32-generic
确认无线网卡型号：TL-WN725N 2.0。这商品包装上的图片型号和实物不太一样，估计驱动也就大同小异！
驱动安装步骤：
1) 查看硬件型号。开始在 http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/UbuntuHelp:WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx 看了，不太明白它分的2类似乎与我的型号都无关。因为我的无线网卡是USB插口，可以通过如下方式查看我的无线网卡型号：
$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8008 Intel Corp.
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.
Bus 003 Device 004: ID 0781:5530 SanDisk Corp. Cruzer
Bus 003 Device 002: ID 09da:c10a A4 Tech Co., Ltd
Bus 003 Device 003: ID0bda:8179 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation B85 Express LPC Controller (rev 05)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
03:00.0Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)
通过这些型号我依然不知道需要下载什么驱动。Google了一下，这问题很多，本质是 realtek 8188eu 无线驱动在 linux kernel 3.x 中的安装问题.根据硬件id为 0bda:8179 Google知该芯片组是适合Probable Linux driver 8188eu，于是问题就简单了。
2) 到https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu下载rtl8188eu的源码（rtl8188eu-master.zip）。解压，编译：
$ make all
$ sudo make install
提示安装成功。
~/Downloads/rtl8188eu-master$ ls
8188eu.ko 8188eu.mod.o control_ap core hal include modules.order os_dep rtl8188eufw.bin
8188eu.mod.c 8188eu.o COPYING dkms.conf hostapd-0.8 Makefile Module.symvers README.md rtl_hostapd.conf
~/Downloads/rtl8188eu-master$ sudo depmod -a
~/Downloads/rtl8188eu-master$ sudo modprobe 8188eu
FATAL: Error inserting 8188eu (/lib/modules/3.13.0-32-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/8188eu.ko): Device or resource busy
~/Downloads/rtl8188eu-master$
重启一下，发现右上角扇形的wifi网络出来了，只需选择对应的无线网络账号，输入密码，就可以上网了。
3) 步骤2)可能会提示缺少dkm包，如果提示，就先安装一个。因为目前电脑没网络，到http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/all/dkms/download去下载一个dkm安装包（dkms_2.1.1.2-2fakesync1_all.deb），拷贝到该电脑上，并安装：
~/Downloads$ sudo dpkg -i dkms_2.1.1.2-2fakesync1_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package dkms.
(Reading database ... 144283 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking dkms (from dkms_2.1.1.2-2fakesync1_all.deb) ...
Setting up dkms (2.1.1.2-2fakesync1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
参考：
http://www.csdn123.com/html/mycsdn20140110/eb/eb713d8c2dfc4a7e8d1b93a4970b534b.html
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-04/83094.htm
http://blog.csdn.net/rainysia/article/details/17484537
曾按网友提示，做过如下尝试，均失败：
方法一：
在Realtek官网下载 r8168-8.039.00.tar.bz2，它详细信息：http://www.realtek.com.tw/Downloads/downloadsView.aspx?Langid=1&PNid=13&PFid=5&Level=5&Conn=4&DownTypeID=3&GetDown=false#2
| LINUX driver for kernel 3.x and 2.6.x and 2.4.x |
8.039 |
2014/9/18 |
79k |
解压，用 root 运行 install.sh 即可。但对我不成功。错误如下：
~/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00$sudo make
make -C src/ clean
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src'
make -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-32-generic/build SUBDIRS=/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src clean
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic'
CLEAN /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/.tmp_versions
CLEAN /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/Module.symvers
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src'
make -C src/ modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src'
make -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-32-generic/build SUBDIRS=/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src modules
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic'
CC [M] /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/r8168_n.o
CC [M] /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/r8168_asf.o
CC [M] /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/rtl_eeprom.o
CC [M] /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/rtltool.o
LD [M] /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/r8168.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/r8168.mod.o
LD [M] /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/r8168.ko
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src'
make -C src/ install
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src'
make -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-32-generic/build SUBDIRS=/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src INSTALL_MOD_DIR=kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/realtek modules_install
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic'
INSTALL /home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src/r8168.ko
Can't read private key
DEPMOD 3.13.0-32-generic
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/ltu/Downloads/r8168-8.039.00/src'
方法二：
~/Downloads$sudo dpkg -i rtl8188eu-dkms_0+git20130406_all.deb
(Reading database ... 144328 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace rtl8188eu-dkms 0+git20130406 (using rtl8188eu-dkms_0+git20130406_all.deb) ...
Deleting module version: 0+git20130406
completely from the DKMS tree.
------------------------------
Done.
Unpacking replacement rtl8188eu-dkms ...
Setting up rtl8188eu-dkms (0+git20130406) ...
Loading new rtl8188eu-0+git20130406 DKMS files...
First Installation: checking all kernels...
Building only for 3.13.0-32-generic
Building initial module for 3.13.0-32-generic
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 3.13.0-32-generic (x86_64)
Consult the make.log in the build directory
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8188eu/0+git20130406/build/ for more information.
dpkg: error processing rtl8188eu-dkms (--install):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
rtl8188eu-dkms
可能原因：Linux内核版本不一样，该包不支持我的版本。
方法三：
下载这个https://github.com/Red54/linux-shumeipai2/tree/sunxi-3.0/drivers/net/wireless/rtl8188eu据说支持3.x内核的版本，编译，报错：
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8188eu/0+git20130406/build/include/osdep_service.h: In function ‘thread_enter’:
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8188eu/0+git20130406/build/include/osdep_service.h:1397:2: error: implicit declaration of function ‘daemonize’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]开始Google了一会，无解，就没继续探索这个问题。
但是，后来无意中看到博文：http://yafeilee.me/blogs/51c1ad4015638855d1000002提及上面这个问题的关键, 说这个版本的8188eu 在 3.5.x 内核以下版本都没有问题, 3.5.x 以上就出问题了。解决方法很简单，说是删掉它就可以了:
diff --git a/include/osdep_service.h b/include/osdep_service.h
index ed2dae5..e9acb0d 100755
--- a/include/osdep_service.h
+++ b/include/osdep_service.h
@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@ static __inline void thread_enter(char *name);
static __inline void thread_enter(char *name)
{
#ifdef PLATFORM_LINUX
- daemonize("%s", name);
+ //daemonize("%s", name);
allow_signal(SIGTERM);
#endif
#ifdef PLATFORM_FREEBSD最后：
这里是 3.13 内核的解决方法，其它内核的话估计有不同的错误信息，最好去找找有没有兼容新内核的驱动，如果还是没有，就只能自己动手去改代码了。