yum安装Nginx、nginx虚拟主机、安装WordPress、安装discuz

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yum安装Nginx

使用源码包安装Nginx需要很多步骤，我们可以使用yum的方式来安装Nginx。可以跟简单明了。

• 文档：http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
• 首先将之前编译安装的Nginx进程禁用掉

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root       7373  0.0  0.1  45936  1124 ?        Ss   21:44   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody     7374  0.0  0.1  46388  1904 ?        S    21:44   0:00 nginx: worker process
root       7376  0.0  0.0 112708   980 pts/0    R+   21:44   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@localhost ~]# pkill nginx
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root       7379  0.0  0.0 112708   980 pts/0    R+   21:44   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

• 删掉之前编译安装的Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/

• 搭建yum仓库

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

• 查看yum仓库是否生效

[root@localhost ~]# yum list |grep nginx
BDB2053 Freeing read locks for locker 0x5: 7383/140362401236800
nginx.x86_64                                1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-debug.x86_64                          1:1.8.0-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-debuginfo.x86_64                      1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-geoip.x86_64                   1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64         1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64            1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64  1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-njs.x86_64                     1:1.14.2.0.2.7-1.el7_4.ngx nginx    
nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64           1:1.14.2.0.2.7-1.el7_4.ngx nginx    
nginx-module-perl.x86_64                    1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64          1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-xslt.x86_64                    1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64          1:1.14.2-1.el7_4.ngx       nginx    
nginx-nr-agent.noarch                       2.0.0-12.el7.ngx           nginx    
pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64                       4.1.0-5.el7_6              updates  

• 使用yum安装Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nginx -y

• 可以使用nginx -v 命令来查看Nginx版本。-V查看Nginx的参数。

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28) (GCC) 
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'

• 配置文件路径是/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

• 查看配置文件有没有语法错误，使用nginx -t

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

• 启动nginx

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx

• 如果提示错误，则运行如下命令

Job for nginx.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@localhost init.d]# sudo netstat -lnp | grep 0.0.0.0:80

Nginx虚拟主机

在一个web服务上能跑多个站点，每个站点就是一个虚拟主机。

[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf         打开Nginx配置文件
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;      这个就是虚拟主机配置文件的路径。

• 可以看到，默认在这个路径下有一个default.conf的文件

[root@localhost /]# ls /etc/nginx/conf.d/
default.conf

• 查看虚拟主机配置文件，定义虚拟主机配置文件，以域名为命名

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

• 这时候可以通过ip地址来访问该站点下的内容，是可以访问到的，如果访问不到，可以看一下是不是防火墙的安全策略的问题。iptables -nvL 查看防火墙规则
• iptables -nvL 查看防火墙规则，如果确认是防火墙的问题，可以将80端口写入白名单。

firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent          将80端口写入安全策略。
firewall-cmd --reload                   重新加载firewalld

• Nginx配置文件

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name www.gongzi.com;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/gongzi;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

• 检查配置有无错误。

nginx -t //查看配置文件是否有错误
nginx -s reload //重新加载配置文件
systemctl restart nginx  //重启nginx

• 通过修改hosts文件使域名生效，使用域名访问

默认虚拟主机

排在第一位的虚拟主机配置文件就是默认虚拟主机，或者是在配置文件中listen 80 后面添加default_server 。这样可以将该配置文件的站点定义成默认虚拟主机。

• 默认虚拟主机，举个例子，abc.com能解析到该服务器，但是配置文件中并没有配置abc.com的域名，照样可以访问到默认虚拟主机的内容。添加一行deny all可以取消默认虚拟主机带来的泛解析

补充

Ctrl+z可以暂停一个进程，按fg可以再次回到进程。

新建一个站点blog

• 新建一个blog.com.conf的虚拟主机配置文件

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  blog.abc.com;

    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;
    #charset koi8-r;

    location / {
        root   /data/wwwroot/blog.abc.com;
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /data/wwwroot/blog.abc.com;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           /data/wwwroot/blog.abc.com;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /data/wwwroot/blog.abc.com$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }


}

• 创建相应的目录

[root@localhost conf.d]# mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/blog.abc.com

• 验证配置文件是否有错并重新加载

[root@localhost conf.d]# nginx -t
[root@localhost conf.d]# nginx -s reload

安装WordPress

• 先进入到data/wwwroot/blog.abc.com目录

• 下载WordPress下载地址: https://cn.wordpress.org/download/

[root@localhost blog.abc.com]# wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-5.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz

• 将下载的压缩包解压

[root@localhost blog.abc.com]# tar zxvf wordpress-5.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz

• 将解压的目录下的所有东西复制到当前目录，然后将压缩包和原目录删掉。

[root@localhost blog.abc.com]# cp wordpress/* ./
cp: omitting directory ‘wordpress/wp-admin’
cp: omitting directory ‘wordpress/wp-content’
cp: omitting directory ‘wordpress/wp-includes’
[root@localhost blog.abc.com]# ls
index.php    wordpress                     wp-blog-header.php    wp-cron.php        wp-login.php     wp-signup.php
license.txt  wordpress-5.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz  wp-comments-post.php  wp-links-opml.php  wp-mail.php      wp-trackback.php
readme.html  wp-activate.php               wp-config-sample.php  wp-load.php        wp-settings.php  xmlrpc.php
[root@localhost blog.abc.com]# rm -rf wordpress wordpress-5.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz 

• 创建数据库设置数据库（先连接到MariaDB）

[root@localhost blog.abc.com]# mysql -uroot -ppassword
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 66
Server version: 10.3.12-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> create database blog;

• 在MariaDB中为blog数据库创建用户

grant all on blog.* to 'blog'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'pbxfuej3LR4r';

• 切换到blog库,查询blog库里有什么标

use blog;
show tables;

安装discuz

• discuz官网：http://www.discuz.net/forum.php
• 先安装git工具

yum install git -y

• 克隆discuz

git clone https://gitee.com/ComsenzDiscuz/DiscuzX.git

• 复制upload里面的内容到我们自定义的路径下

[root@localhost DiscuzX]# cp -r upload /data/wwwroot/bbs.abc.site

• 定义主机配置文件

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name bbs.abc.site;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /data/wwwroot/bbs.abc.site;
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           /data/wwwroot/bbs.abc.site;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /data/wwwroot/bbs.abc.site$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

}

• 重新加载配置文件并检查有无错误

[root@localhost conf.d]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost conf.d]# nginx -t 
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost nginx]# setenforce 0

• 修改目录属主权限。

[root@localhost bbs.abc.site]# chown -R php-fpm  config data uc_server/data  uc_client/data
[root@localhost bbs.abc.site]# chown -R php-fpm  config data uc_server/data  uc_client/data

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3731306/blog/3010170