一,形容词,副词充当的成分
1,形容词:系动词后面做表语,名称前面做定语
2,副词:状语
二,什么是状语?
状语就是在一个句子中,用来修饰实义动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分。
定语修饰名词,状语除了名词不可以修饰外别的成分都可以修饰。
一个句子中除了主谓宾外的成分,大概率是定语和状语
三,状语的成分
1,副词:She smile Sweetly
2,介词短语:He runs fast like a crazy dog
3,非谓语动词:He leves,crying
4,从句:I will return the book as soon as I have read it
状语的位置:随便放
四,状语从句:
一,状语从句的引导词按引导词本身的意思分的类,分为9类
1,时间状语从句先行词:when=while=as while翻译成“当,,,的时候”,后面跟进行时态。
before , after, since , the monet , by the time , until , not,,,until
2,时间状语从句的时态:
例:When love comes,I will hold her hands
如果主句的动作和从句的动作都没有发生的话,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
例:When love came,I failed to hold her hands.
如果主句和从句的动作都发生了,该是什么时态就写什么时态,
3,区别until 和not,,,until
例:I will wait here until you come
例:I will not leave here until you come
看主句的动词是延续性动词还是瞬间动词,如果是延续性动词用until,瞬间动词用not until
4,when引导的时间状语从句省略的情况.
When I was a kid,I enjoying singing songs
when引导,主句和从句主语一样,并且从句中有be动词,则从句的主语和be动词可以省略
二,地点状语从句:
引导词:where
例:The kind of trees grow well in moist places
例:The kind of trees grow well where it is moist
做地点状语的通常是介词短语,很少是从句
三,原因状语从句:
引导词:都翻译成“因为”
1)引导词:because,as,since,in that,seeing that,considering that,now that,given that
2)连词:for
3)介词短语:because of,due to,owing to,thank to,for the sake of ,as the result of
例:He had a car accident because he was careless (because 是一个引导词它引导的句子可以放在任意位置)
例:He had a car accident for he was careless (for是一个连词,它只能放在两句话之间)
例:He had a car accident because of his careless ( because of 是介词短语,后面必须是名词)
四,目的状语从句
to , in order to,so as to 后面加动词原形,都表目的,但是不是引导词
引导词:so that表目的放在句末,in order that
例:We will ascend higher,in order to overlook farther(farther是具体的远,further是抽象的远)
例:in order that we overlook farther,We will ascend higher。(farther是具体的远,further是抽象的远)
五,结果状语从句
引导词:so,,,that(后面跟形容词或者副词),such,,,that(后面跟名词)
例:It feels so hot today that I wear my dress
例:My mom proves so kind that she is respeated all her staf
so,,,that 其实就是用一个句型来替换very,所以中文中只要出现形容词或者副词的地方都可以加so,,,that 句型
六,让步状语从句
引导词:although,though,even through,even if,as,
while(翻译成虽然尽管只能放在句首,放在句中翻译成但是,翻译成当,,,时 一般跟进行时)
as引导的让步状语从句,从句的表语可以放在句首构成部分倒装
例:As I seems ugly I keep gentle——》ugly As I seems I keep gentle
例:Simple as the chart looks,the outlooks behind proves far-reaching ——national products become increasingly popular
with chinese customers
例:Raising pets can ciltivate the loving hert of kinds althrough they might be injuries to their familier or neighbors
七,方式状语从句
引导词:as,the way,as if/through 表好像,似乎。后面加从句
by,through,by means of,in,,,way后面加名词,介词短语做状语
例:she looks as if she were made of ice
八,条件状语从句
引导词:suppose that,supposing that,if,unless,provided that,as long as,so long as都表如果
例: As long as there seems a little hope I never give up
九,比较状语从句
引导词:as,,,as,,,(和,,,一样)。then(比,,,)
例:You are beautiful as I (am beautiful)
状语和状语从句的考点分析:
句子中:副词,比较,条件,让步,原因,目的,方式,伴随。一定是状语
时间:出现在实义动词后,形容词旁边,副词旁边,句子开头,一定是状语。只要不是在名词后就一定是状语
在见到名词+时间/地点需要区别,定语和状语
例:I love a girl in ZheJiang university翻译成 “我爱上一个浙江大学的女孩” 还是 “我在浙江大学爱上一个女孩” 呢
如果无法确定状语和定语的时候,定语优先。只有定语翻译时很奇怪的时候才翻译成状语