利用quagga实现动态路由
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博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/shuxiao9058
原始作者：季亚
Step1 按照先前搭建的网络环境进行配置。
Step2 安装quagga软件包
首先查看Route1和Route2是否都装有quagga软件包。
Route1：
由于Route1机器没有安装quagga软件包，但是又没有更新源，所以还要配置rhel更新源，详细操作参照本人博客其他博文。
[root@localhost ~]# yum install quagga
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C
Loading "downloadonly" plugin
Loading "protectbase" plugin
Loading "skip-broken" plugin
Loading "installonlyn" plugin
Loading "changelog" plugin
Loading "kmod" plugin
Loading "security" plugin
Cannot open logfile //var/log/yum.log
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
0 packages excluded due to repository protections
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for quagga to pack into transaction set.
quagga-0.98.6-5.el5_5.2.i 100% |=========================| 20 kB 00:00
---> Package quagga.i386 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
quagga i386 0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 base 1.1 M
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): quagga-0.98.6-5.el 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB 00:00
Running Transaction Test
warning: quagga-0.98.6-5.el5_5.2: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: quagga ######################### [1/1]
Installed: quagga.i386 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# Route2：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa quagga
quagga-0.99.20-2.fc15.i686
[root@localhost ~]# 然后重新启动zebra，操作命令如下所示：
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/zebra restart
启动 zebra
[确定]
[root@localhost ~]# Step3 配置quagga
下面我们就开是配置了，配置过程中主要用到了两个文件/etc/quagga/zebra.conf和/etc/quagga/ripd.conf，其中zebra.conf可以增加静态路由，而ripd.conf则可以添加动态路由相关规则，本教程是参考鸟哥的Linux私房菜 服务器架设篇（第二版）进行整理的，大家可以参考本书P195-199页的内容。我们先设置Route1，关于zebra.conf，进行如下设置：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/quagga/zebra.conf
hostname localhost.route1 #给这个路由器随便设置一个主机名称
password 19901012 #设置一个密码
enable password 19901012 #使这个密码生效
log file zebra.log #将所有zebra产生的信息保存到日志文件中
~
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"/etc/quagga/zebra.conf" 10L, 291C written
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/zebra restart
关闭 zebra：[确定]
启动 zebra：can't open logfile zebra.log
[确定]
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2208 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2170/hpiod
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:870 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1960/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2601 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6004/zebra //请注意本行，2601是zebra的侦听端口
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2602 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5679/ripd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1931/portmap
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2255/vsftpd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2216/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2278/sendmail: acce
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2207 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2175/python
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 2204/sshd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:32768 0.0.0.0:* 2407/avahi-daemon:
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:520 0.0.0.0:* 5679/ripd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:864 0.0.0.0:* 1960/rpc.statd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:867 0.0.0.0:* 1960/rpc.statd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* 2407/avahi-daemon:
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* 1931/portmap
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* 2216/cupsd
udp 0 0 192.168.2.254:123 0.0.0.0:* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 192.168.1.250:123 0.0.0.0:* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:123 0.0.0.0:* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 :::32769 :::* 2407/avahi-daemon:
udp 0 0 :::5353 :::* 2407/avahi-daemon:
udp 0 0 fe80::5278:4cff:fe4:123 :::* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 fe80::211:5bff:fe22:123 :::* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 ::1:123 :::* 2242/ntpd
udp 0 0 :::123 :::* 2242/ntpd
[root@localhost ~]# 下面是Route1->zebra.conf文件中的内容：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/quagga/zebra.conf
hostname localhost.route1
password 19901012
enable password 19901012
log file zebra.log下面是Route2->zebra.conf文件中的内容：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/quagga/zebra.conf
hostname localhost.route2
password 19901012
enable password 19901012
log file zebra.log
#ip route 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.254
#ip route 192.168.1.0/24 p2p1Step4 设置ripd服务
ripd服务可以在两个router之间进行路由规则的交换与沟通，当然如果网络环境里有类似Cisco或者其他有提供RIP协议的路由器的话，当然也可以通过RIP让Linux Router与其他硬件路由器相互沟通，下面来设置ripd：
Route1：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/quagga/ripd.conf
hostname linux.route1
password 19901012
router rip
network 192.168.1.0/24
network 192.168.2.0/24
network 192.168.3.0/24
network eth0
network eth1
version 2
log stdoutRoute2：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/quagga/ripd.conf
hostname linux.route2
password 19901012
router rip
network 192.168.2.0/24
network 192.168.3.0/24
network p1p1
network p2p1
version 2
log stdout然后分别重启下ripd服务，操作命令如下所示：
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/ripd restart
关闭 ripd：[确定]
启动 ripd：[确定]
[root@localhost ~]# Step5 检查RIP协议的沟通结果（测试）
在Route1和Route2都设置妥当之后，可以登录zebra去看这两台主机的路由更新结果，操作命令如下。
Route1：
[root@localhost ~]# telnet localhost 2601
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
Hello, this is Quagga (version 0.98.6).
Copyright 1996-2005 Kunihiro Ishiguro, et al.
User Access Verification
Password:
localhost.route1> show ip route
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF,
I - ISIS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route
K>* 0.0.0.0/0 via 192.168.2.253, eth0
C>* 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, lo
K>* 169.254.0.0/16 is directly connected, eth1
C>* 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, eth1
C>* 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, eth0
localhost.route1>
Route2：
~
[root@localhost ~]# telnet localhost 2601
Trying ::1...
telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
Hello, this is Quagga (version 0.99.20).
Copyright 1996-2005 Kunihiro Ishiguro, et al.
User Access Verification
Password:
localhost.route2> show ip route
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF,
I - ISIS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route
K>* 0.0.0.0/0 via 210.28.164.254, em1
C>* 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, lo
R>* 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.254, p2p1, 00:13:14
C>* 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, p2p1
C>* 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, p1p1
C>* 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, p1p1
C>* 210.28.164.0/24 is directly connected, em1
localhost.route2>
如此，看到上面的路由信息，就说明我们成功了！最左边的R代表通过RIP通信协议所设置的路由规则，这样，路由器的设置就搞定了。
备注：如果希望能够在A、B、C这三个网段能够上网，还需要其他的一些配置（
只要和外网连的那台路由器做NAT网关就好了）
，详细内容请参考本人CSDN其他博文：http://blog.csdn.net/shuxiao9058/article/details/6897955