Unity Transform类测试

Unity 学习笔记汇总
官方API使用文档

1. 案例1

1.1. 准备

导入MerchentGirl.unitypackage包里的模型，位置如图所示。

若想要Game与Scene镜头效果保持一致，则可以先点击Main Camera，再点击GameObject下的Align With View。


新建脚本TestTransform，如果需要更改脚本的默认编辑器，可以点击Edit->Preferences…->Extenternal Tools->External Script Editor

1.2. 测试1

1.2.1. 前台

1.2.2. 代码

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class TestTransform : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Transform cube, player;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        player = cube.transform.Find("Merchant_female@basice");
        Debug.Log(player);
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }
}

1.2.3. 结果

1.3. 测试2

1.3.1. 前台

较测试1，新增一个Sphere，父子关系如图所示：

1.3.2. 代码

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class TestTransform : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Transform cube, player;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        player = cube.transform.Find("Merchant_female@basice");//找不到对象
        Debug.Log(player);
        player = cube.transform.Find("Cube/Merchant_female@basice");//找不到对象
        Debug.Log(player);
        player = cube.transform.Find("Sphere/Merchant_female@basice");//能找到对象
        Debug.Log(player);
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }
}

1.3.3. 结果

2. 案例2

2.1. 测试1

2.1.1. 前台

新建Cube和Test脚本，并将Test挂在Cube上。

2.1.2. 代码

using UnityEngine;

public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        Debug.Log(transform.localPosition);
        Debug.Log(transform.localScale);
        Debug.Log(transform.localEulerAngles);
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }
}

2.1.3. 结果

2.2. 测试2

2.2.1. 前台

调整Cube的transform参数，结果如图所示：

2.2.2. 代码

using UnityEngine;

public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        Debug.Log(transform.localPosition);
        Debug.Log(transform.localScale);
        Debug.Log(transform.localEulerAngles);
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }
}

2.2.3. 结果

2.3. 测试3

2.3.1. 前台

2.3.2. 代码

using UnityEngine;

public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        Debug.Log(transform.localPosition);
        Debug.Log(transform.localScale);
        Debug.Log(transform.localEulerAngles);

        Debug.Log(transform.right);//1,0,0      x轴
        Debug.Log(transform.up);//0,1,0      y轴
        Debug.Log(transform.forward);//0,0,1      z轴
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.A))
        {
            transform.localPosition = new Vector3(7.7f, -4.26f, 0.9f);
        }
    }
}

2.3.3. 结果

3. 举一反三

Public Method	Description
GetChild	Returns a transform child by index.
IsChildOf	Is this transform a child of parent?

3.1. 前台

新建Cube、Sphere对象，Test脚本，将Test挂载到Main Camera上，然后把Cube、Sphere与Test中的变量进行绑定。

3.2. 代码

using UnityEngine;

public class test : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Transform cube, sphere;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        //GetChild	Returns a transform child by index.
        Debug.Log(cube.transform.GetChild(0));
        //IsChildOf	Is this transform a child of parent?
        Debug.Log(sphere.transform.IsChildOf(cube.transform));
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }
}

3.3. 结果

4. Translate函数

4.1. 准备

4.1.1. 创建Material

创建Material

调整颜色

4.1.2. 改变对象的Material

单击对象，再单击Element 0对应的小圆圈

通过上下滑动鼠标滚轮浏览所有的Material，然后点击选中所需要的Material

4.2. 测试1

4.2.1. 前台

4.2.2. 代码

using UnityEngine;

public class TestTranslate : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        //每秒前进一次
        transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime);
    }
}

4.2.3. 结果

会看到对象朝Z轴移动

4.3. 测试2

4.3.1. 前台

4.3.2. 代码

using UnityEngine;

public class TestTranslate : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        //transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime, Space.World); //世界坐标下的坐标
        //transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime, Space.Self); //本地坐标下的坐标

        transform.Translate(transform.forward * Time.deltaTime, Space.World); //世界坐标下的坐标
        //transform.Translate(transform.forward * Time.deltaTime, Space.Self); //本地坐标下的坐标
    }
}

4.3.3. 结果

世界坐标下的与本地坐标下的移动Vector3.forward或transform.forward，会有所不同。

5. rotate

5.1. 前台

将脚本同时挂载到图中的两个对象上

5.2. 代码

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class TestRotate : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float speed = 100f;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        transform.Rotate(Vector3.right * speed * Time.deltaTime, Space.World);
    }
}

5.3. 结果

会看到两个对象都在旋转

6. rotateAround

6.1. 前台

6.2. 代码

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class rotateAround : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update

    GameObject cube, player;

    void Start()
    {
        cube = GameObject.Find("Cube");
        player = GameObject.Find("Merchant_female@basice");
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        player.transform.RotateAround(cube.transform.position, Vector3.up, 10);
    }
}

6.3. 结果

会看到人物围绕着四方体旋转。

7. 父子关系案例

7.1. 前台

7.2. 代码

本次使用中文编程，即变量名、类名的命名使用中文命名。

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class 父子关系 : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update

    GameObject 立方体, 胶囊, 圆柱;

    void Start()
    {
        立方体 = GameObject.Find("Cube");
        圆柱 = GameObject.Find("Cylinder");
        Debug.Log(圆柱.transform.parent);
        Debug.Log(圆柱.transform.parent.parent);
        Debug.Log(圆柱.transform.root);
        Debug.Log(立方体.transform.childCount);
        //解除与立方体的父子关系
        //立方体.transform.DetachChildren();
        //Debug.Log(立方体.transform.childCount);

        DetachAllChildren(立方体.transform);
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }

    void DetachAllChildren(Transform transform)
    {
        if (transform.childCount == 0)
        {
            return;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < transform.childCount; i++)
        {
            DetachAllChildren(transform.GetChild(i));
        }
        transform.DetachChildren();
    }
}

7.3. 结果

8. 作业（钟表）

8.1. 素材

• Unity添加图片到场景中
• 表框
  
• 分针
  
• 秒针
  
  

8.2. 前台

8.3. 代码

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class Clock : MonoBehaviour
{
    GameObject bg, s, m, h;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        bg = GameObject.Find("表框");
        s = GameObject.Find("秒针");
        m = GameObject.Find("分针");
        h = GameObject.Find("时针");

        s.transform.RotateAround(bg.transform.position, Vector3.forward, DateTime.Now.Second * 6f);
        m.transform.RotateAround(bg.transform.position, Vector3.forward, (DateTime.Now.Minute + DateTime.Now.Second / 60f) * 6f);
        h.transform.RotateAround(bg.transform.position, Vector3.forward, (DateTime.Now.Hour + DateTime.Now.Minute / 60f) * 30f);
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        s.transform.RotateAround(bg.transform.position, Vector3.forward, Time.deltaTime * 6);
        m.transform.RotateAround(bg.transform.position, Vector3.forward, Time.deltaTime * 0.1f);
        h.transform.RotateAround(bg.transform.position, Vector3.forward, Time.deltaTime * 0.05f/6);
    }
}

8.4. 结果