rabbitmq 学习三-spring-boot中配置交换器和队列

rabbitmq主要的交换器类型有fanout、direct、topic、headers
下面分别介绍三种常用的交换器使用方法
1.fanout交换器
将所有发送到该交换器的消息会路由到所有与该交换器绑定的队列中
2.direct交换器
将消息路由到RoutingKey完全匹配的队列中
3.topic 交换器
将消息路由到RoutingKey匹配的队列中，匹配的规则支持特殊字符 ”*“和“#”
一、fanout交换器使用和配置
1.声明队列、交换器并将队列绑定到交换器

@Configuration
public class RabbitFanoutExchangeConfiguration {

	/**
	 * 声明队列
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean(name = "q.test1")
	public Queue queue() {
		return new Queue("q.test1");
	}

	@Bean("q.test2")
	public Queue queue2() {
		return new Queue("q.test2");
	}

	/**
	 * 声明交换器
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
		return new FanoutExchange("x.test1");
	}
	/**
	 * 绑定队列到交换器
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public Binding bindingQueue2Exchange() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(queue()).to(fanoutExchange());
	}

	@Bean
	public Binding bindingQueue2FanoutExchange() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2()).to(fanoutExchange());
	}
}

2.创建消息生产者

@Component
public class RabbitProducer {
	@Autowired
	AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

	public void sendMessage(Object object) {
		try {
			Message message= MessageBuilder.withBody(JSON.toJSONString(object).getBytes("UTF-8"))
					.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON)
					.setContentEncoding("UTF-8")
					.setMessageId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()).build();
			// 指定exchange 为x.test1
			amqpTemplate.send("x.test1","",message);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

3.创建消息消费者

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q.test1")
public class FanoutExchangeConsumer1 {

	@RabbitHandler
	public void receiveMessage(Object object) {
		Message message=(Message)object;
		byte bytes[]=null;
		if (message != null) {
			bytes=message.getBody();
		}
		try {
			String msg=new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
			System.out.println("q.test1------------------------"+msg);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q.test2")
public class FanoutExchangeConsumer2 {

	@RabbitHandler
	public void receiveMessage(Object object) {
		Message message=(Message)object;
		byte bytes[]=null;
		if (message != null) {
			bytes=message.getBody();
		}
		try {
			String msg=new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
			System.out.println("q.test2------------------------"+msg);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

二、direct交换器使用和配置
1.声明队列、交换器并将队列绑定到交换器

@Configuration
public class RabbitDirectExchangeConfiguration {

	/**
	 * 动态声明队列
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean(name = "q.direct1")
	public Queue queue1() {
		return new Queue("q.direct1");
	}

	/**
	 * 动态声明队列
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean(name = "q.direct2")
	public Queue queue2() {
		return new Queue("q.direct2");
	}

	/**
	 * 动态声明交换器
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public DirectExchange directExchange() {
		return new DirectExchange("x.direct");
	}

	/**
	 * 使用路由键r.direct.routingKey1将交换器绑定到队列 q.direct1
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public Binding bindingQueue1Exchange() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1()).to(directExchange()).with("r.direct.routingKey1");
	}

	/**
	 * 使用路由键r.direct.routingKey2 将交换器绑定到队列 q.direct1
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public Binding bindingExchange2Queue2() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1()).to(directExchange()).with("r.direct.routingKey2");
	}

	/**
	 * 使用路由键 r.direct.routingKey1将交换器绑定到队列 q.direct2
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public Binding bindingExchange2Queue() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2()).to(directExchange()).with("r.direct.routingKey1");
	}
}

2.创建消息生产者

public void sendMessage2DirectExchange(Object object) {
		try {
			Message message= MessageBuilder.withBody(JSON.toJSONString(object).getBytes("UTF-8"))
					.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON)
					.setContentEncoding("UTF-8")
					.setMessageId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()).build();
			// 指定exchange 为x.direct, 路由键为 r.direct.routingKey1
			amqpTemplate.send("x.direct","r.direct.routingKey1",message);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void sendMessage2DirectDirectExchange(Object object) {
		try {
			Message message= MessageBuilder.withBody(JSON.toJSONString(object).getBytes("UTF-8"))
					.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON)
					.setContentEncoding("UTF-8")
					.setMessageId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()).build();
			// 指定exchange 为x.direct, 路由键为 r.direct.routingKey2
			amqpTemplate.send("x.direct","r.direct.routingKey2",message);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

3.创建消息消费者

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q.direct1")
public class DirectExchangeConsumer1 {

	@RabbitHandler
	public void receiveMessage(Object object) {
		Message message=(Message)object;
		byte bytes[]=null;
		if (message != null) {
			bytes=message.getBody();
		}
		try {
			String msg=new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
			System.out.println("q.direct1------------------------"+msg);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q.direct2")
public class DirectExchangeConsumer2 {

	@RabbitHandler
	public void receiveMessage(Object object) {
		Message message=(Message)object;
		byte bytes[]=null;
		if (message != null) {
			bytes=message.getBody();
		}
		try {
			String msg=new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
			System.out.println("q.direct2------------------------"+msg);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

三、topic交换器配置和使用
1.声明队列、交换器并将队列绑定到交换器

@Configuration
public class TopicExchangeConfiguration {

	/**
	 * 动态声明队列
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public Queue topicQueue1() {
		return new Queue("q.topic1");
	}

	/**
	 * 动态声明队列
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public Queue topicQueue2() {
		return new Queue("q.topic2");
	}

	/**
	 * 动态声明交换器
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public TopicExchange topicExchange() {
		return new TopicExchange("x.topic");
	}

	@Bean
	public Binding bindingTopicExchange2Queue1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1()).to(topicExchange()).with("*.*.test");
	}

	@Bean
	public Binding bindingTopicExchange2Queue2() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue2()).to(topicExchange()).with("*.topic.*");
	}

	@Bean
	public Binding bindingTopicExchange2Queue3() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1()).to(topicExchange()).with("com.#");
	}
}

2.创建消息生产者

public void sendMessage2TopicMessage(Object object) {
		try {
			Message message= MessageBuilder.withBody(JSON.toJSONString(object).getBytes("UTF-8"))
					.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON)
					.setContentEncoding("UTF-8")
					.setMessageId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()).build();
			// 指定exchange 为x.direct, 路由键为 r.direct.routingKey2
			amqpTemplate.send("x.topic","com.test",message);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void sendMessage2TopicMessage2(Object object) {
		try {
			Message message= MessageBuilder.withBody(JSON.toJSONString(object).getBytes("UTF-8"))
					.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON)
					.setContentEncoding("UTF-8")
					.setMessageId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()).build();
			// 指定exchange 为x.direct, 路由键为 r.direct.routingKey2
			amqpTemplate.send("x.topic","client.topic.test",message);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

3.创建消息消费者

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q.topic1")
public class TopicExchangeConsumer1 {

	@RabbitHandler
	public void receiveMessage(Object object) {
		Message message=(Message)object;
		byte bytes[]=null;
		if (message != null) {
			bytes=message.getBody();
		}
		try {
			String msg=new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
			System.out.println("q.topic1------------------------"+msg);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q.topic2")
public class TopicExchangeConsumer2 {
	@RabbitHandler
	public void receiveMessage(Object object) {
		Message message=(Message)object;
		byte bytes[]=null;
		if (message != null) {
			bytes=message.getBody();
		}
		try {
			String msg=new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
			System.out.println("q.topic2------------------------"+msg);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

四、创建消息发送测试controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/messages")
public class MessageController {

	@Autowired
	RabbitProducer rabbitProducer;

	@PostMapping(value = "/fanout")
	public Map sendMessage() {
		Map map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("username","test1");
		map.put("password","123456");
		map.put("name","我是fanout 交换器测试人员");
		rabbitProducer.sendMessage(map);
		Map resultMap=new HashMap<>();
		resultMap.put("code","200");
		resultMap.put("message","success");
		return resultMap;
	}

	@PostMapping(value = "/direct")
	public Map sendMessage2DirectExchange() {
		Map map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("username","test2");
		map.put("password","123456");
		map.put("name","我是direct 交换器测试人员");
		rabbitProducer.sendMessage2DirectExchange(map);
		Map resultMap=new HashMap<>();
		resultMap.put("code","200");
		resultMap.put("message","success");
		return resultMap;
	}

	@PostMapping(value = "/topic")
	public Map sendMessage2TopicExchange() {
		Map map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("username","test3");
		map.put("password","123456");
		map.put("name","我是topic 交换器测试人员");
		rabbitProducer.sendMessage2TopicMessage(map);
		Map resultMap=new HashMap<>();
		resultMap.put("code","200");
		resultMap.put("message","success");
		return resultMap;
	}

	@PostMapping(value = "/topic1")
	public Map sendMessage2TopicExchange1() {
		Map map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("username","test3");
		map.put("password","123456");
		map.put("name","我是topic 交换器测试人员");
		rabbitProducer.sendMessage2TopicMessage2(map);
		Map resultMap=new HashMap<>();
		resultMap.put("code","200");
		resultMap.put("message","success");
		return resultMap;
	}
}

源码下载地址
https://github.com/tangyajun/spring-boot-rabbit-consumer
https://github.com/tangyajun/rabbitmq-spring-demo