SpringCloud Feign 负载均衡

上篇Ribbon博客

Feign的简介:

Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特 性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。

简而言之:
Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
Feign 整合了ribbon,具有负载均衡的能力
整合了Hystrix,具有熔断的能力

Feign的使用:

  1. 新建microservicecloud-consumer-dept-feign消息消费端微服务:
    SpringCloud Feign 负载均衡_第1张图片

2.pom.xml添加Feign依赖:

  
       org.springframework.cloud
       spring-cloud-starter-feign
  

3.修改microservicecloud-api,api提供的工程,pom.xml添加依赖:


     org.springframework.cloud
     spring-cloud-starter-feign

4.Feign是基于接口,所以要创建接口,并添加注解@FeignClient:

package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
 
import java.util.List;
 
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
 
@FeignClient(value = "MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT")
public interface DeptClientService
{
  @RequestMapping(value = "/dept/get/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id);
 
  @RequestMapping(value = "/dept/list",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public List<Dept> list();
 
  @RequestMapping(value = "/dept/add",method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public boolean add(Dept dept);
}

value = “MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT”
MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT是服务名称

5.microservicecloud-consumer-dept-feign工程修改Controller,注入上一步新建的DeptClientService接口:

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.DeptClientService;

@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer
{
	@Autowired
	private DeptClientService service;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
	{
		return this.service.get(id);
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/list")
	public List<Dept> list()
	{
		return this.service.list();
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/add")
	public Object add(Dept dept)
	{
		return this.service.add(dept);
	}
}

@Autowired
private DeptClientService service;

6.microservicecloud-consumer-dept-feign主启动类添加注解:
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages= {“com.atguigu.springcloud”})
@ComponentScan(“com.atguigu.springcloud”)
SpringCloud Feign 负载均衡_第2张图片
7.测试,启动三个Eureka集群,启动三个部门微服务,启动Feign:
SpringCloud Feign 负载均衡_第3张图片

总结:

Feign通过接口的方法调用Rest服务(之前是Ribbon+RestTemplate),
该请求发送给Eureka服务器(http://MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT/dept/list),
通过Feign直接找到服务接口,由于在进行服务调用的时候融合了Ribbon技术,所以也支持负载均衡作用。

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