Makefile在大型工程文件中的应用简析

这段时间，再次温习了一遍makefile，想着去分析一下大型工程文件中，是怎么使用makefile的，需要注意那些地方，这里以caffe的makefile做一个简短的分析。
这里给出两个非常棒的参考：

http://blog.csdn.net/ruglcc/article/details/7814546/
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-790245-id-2037374.html
这两个博客对于makefile的一些基础性内容讲的很详细，对于一些语法上面的的规范，也给了指导。

  先上makefile文件吧：

1.关注的第一个问题在 ：= ，这里对于变量的使用，基本都是用：=，而不是=，这两个主要的区别在于，前者必须先定义后使用，而后者可以先使用，再定义，举个例子。

#a equal to 6, b equal to 5
a=b+1
b=5
#a equal to 1,b equal to 5
a := b+1
b :=5

2.第二个问题,在判断文件是否存在时，没有用if [-e (filename)]，而是使用ifeq( (filename),)的形式，直接比较其是否相等，能使得整个文件在格式上更统一。

3.下面的意义在于，能个将配置文件进行分离，对于需要配置的选项比较多的工程文件，将配置文件和makefile分离，更有利于代码的管理，而在makefile中引入配置文件只需要 include $(CONFIG_FILE)即可。

CONFIG_FILE := Makefile.config
include $(CONFIG_FILE)

4.makefile中大量的使用makefile函数，主要有字符串处理函数(如: (addsuffix,,...))，shell函数(如 (shell find …)，具体可以参考我上面给定的两个博客。

5.条件编译也是值得我们学习的一个地方。首先：在大型工程文件中，由于软硬件条件的不同，同样的一个应用程序需要能和不同的平台兼容，而采用条件编译就能很好的解决这个问题。例如下面的处理：

# Determine platform
UNAME := $(shell uname -s)
 ifeq ($(UNAME), Linux)
    LINUX := 1
else ifeq ($(UNAME), Darwin)
    OSX := 1 
endif
# Linux
ifeq ($(LINUX), 1)
    CXX ?= /usr/bin/g++
    ......
# OSX
ifeq ($(OSX), 1)
    ......

其次，比方我们需要根据用户给定的配置，来编译成自己所需要的版本，这时可以引入用户输入的接口，这里比方说为Makefile.config。这里面进行了各种信息的配置，比如USE_CUDNN :=1,那么在包含了这些宏之后，怎么通过编译器传到预处理呢？用gcc -D即可。在下面的代码中能体现出来：

# cuDNN acceleration configuration.
ifeq ($(USE_CUDNN), 1)
    LIBRARIES += cudnn
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_CUDNN
endif
# configure IO libraries
ifeq ($(USE_OPENCV), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_OPENCV
endif

6.统一模式的编辑与替换（例如，考虑这样一个需求： 我想编译某些在src文件夹下的文件，src文件夹还有很多子文件夹，但我不想改变原来的构架，所以，此时只需在需要编译的文件前加上某个前缀即可，如build/ 。同时，由于文件后缀的改变，我们可以用$(CPLUSS_SRCS:.cpp=.o) 进行替换即可）

#.PYTHON all
all: test

BUILD_SRC := build
CPLUSS_SRC_DIR := cpluss/chapter3
CPLUSS_SRCS := $(wildcard $(CPLUSS_SRC_DIR)/*.cpp)
#将CPLUSS_SRCS中以.cpp结尾的字符串替换为.o ,并在每个文件路径前加上前缀
CPLUSS_CC := $(addprefix $(BUILD_SRC)/, $(CPLUSS_SRCS:.cpp=.o))

test:
    @echo $(CPLUSS_CC)
    @echo ${CPLUSS_SRCS}

下面是makefile全文：

PROJECT := caffe

CONFIG_FILE := Makefile.config
# Explicitly check for the config file, otherwise make -k will proceed anyway.
ifeq ($(wildcard $(CONFIG_FILE)),)
$(error $(CONFIG_FILE) not found. See $(CONFIG_FILE).example.)
endif
include $(CONFIG_FILE)

BUILD_DIR_LINK := $(BUILD_DIR)
ifeq ($(RELEASE_BUILD_DIR),)
    RELEASE_BUILD_DIR := .$(BUILD_DIR)_release
endif
ifeq ($(DEBUG_BUILD_DIR),)
    DEBUG_BUILD_DIR := .$(BUILD_DIR)_debug
endif

DEBUG ?= 0
ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
    BUILD_DIR := $(DEBUG_BUILD_DIR)
    OTHER_BUILD_DIR := $(RELEASE_BUILD_DIR)
else
    BUILD_DIR := $(RELEASE_BUILD_DIR)
    OTHER_BUILD_DIR := $(DEBUG_BUILD_DIR)
endif

# All of the directories containing code.
SRC_DIRS := $(shell find * -type d -exec bash -c "find {} -maxdepth 1 \
    \( -name '*.cpp' -o -name '*.proto' \) | grep -q ." \; -print)

# The target shared library name
LIBRARY_NAME := $(PROJECT)
LIB_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/lib
STATIC_NAME := $(LIB_BUILD_DIR)/lib$(LIBRARY_NAME).a
DYNAMIC_VERSION_MAJOR       := 1
DYNAMIC_VERSION_MINOR       := 0
DYNAMIC_VERSION_REVISION    := 0-rc3
DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT := lib$(LIBRARY_NAME).so
#DYNAMIC_SONAME_SHORT := $(DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT).$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_MAJOR)
DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT := $(DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT).$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_MAJOR).$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_MINOR).$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_REVISION)
DYNAMIC_NAME := $(LIB_BUILD_DIR)/$(DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT)
COMMON_FLAGS += -DCAFFE_VERSION=$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_MAJOR).$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_MINOR).$(DYNAMIC_VERSION_REVISION)

##############################
# Get all source files
##############################
# CXX_SRCS are the source files excluding the test ones.
CXX_SRCS := $(shell find src/$(PROJECT) ! -name "test_*.cpp" -name "*.cpp")
# CU_SRCS are the cuda source files
CU_SRCS := $(shell find src/$(PROJECT) ! -name "test_*.cu" -name "*.cu")
# TEST_SRCS are the test source files
TEST_MAIN_SRC := src/$(PROJECT)/test/test_caffe_main.cpp
TEST_SRCS := $(shell find src/$(PROJECT) -name "test_*.cpp")
TEST_SRCS := $(filter-out $(TEST_MAIN_SRC), $(TEST_SRCS))
TEST_CU_SRCS := $(shell find src/$(PROJECT) -name "test_*.cu")
GTEST_SRC := src/gtest/gtest-all.cpp
# TOOL_SRCS are the source files for the tool binaries
TOOL_SRCS := $(shell find tools -name "*.cpp")
# EXAMPLE_SRCS are the source files for the example binaries
EXAMPLE_SRCS := $(shell find examples -name "*.cpp")
# BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR contains any generated header files we want to include.
BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/src
# PROTO_SRCS are the protocol buffer definitions
PROTO_SRC_DIR := src/$(PROJECT)/proto
PROTO_SRCS := $(wildcard $(PROTO_SRC_DIR)/*.proto)
# PROTO_BUILD_DIR will contain the .cc and obj files generated from
# PROTO_SRCS; PROTO_BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR will contain the .h header files
PROTO_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PROTO_SRC_DIR)
PROTO_BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR := $(BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR)/$(PROJECT)/proto
# NONGEN_CXX_SRCS includes all source/header files except those generated
# automatically (e.g., by proto).
NONGEN_CXX_SRCS := $(shell find \
    src/$(PROJECT) \
    include/$(PROJECT) \
    python/$(PROJECT) \
    matlab/+$(PROJECT)/private \
    examples \
    tools \
    -name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.hpp" -or -name "*.cu" -or -name "*.cuh")
LINT_SCRIPT := scripts/cpp_lint.py
LINT_OUTPUT_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/.lint
LINT_EXT := lint.txt
LINT_OUTPUTS := $(addsuffix .$(LINT_EXT), $(addprefix $(LINT_OUTPUT_DIR)/, $(NONGEN_CXX_SRCS)))
EMPTY_LINT_REPORT := $(BUILD_DIR)/.$(LINT_EXT)
NONEMPTY_LINT_REPORT := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(LINT_EXT)
# PY$(PROJECT)_SRC is the python wrapper for $(PROJECT)
PY$(PROJECT)_SRC := python/$(PROJECT)/_$(PROJECT).cpp
PY$(PROJECT)_SO := python/$(PROJECT)/_$(PROJECT).so
PY$(PROJECT)_HXX := include/$(PROJECT)/layers/python_layer.hpp
# MAT$(PROJECT)_SRC is the mex entrance point of matlab package for $(PROJECT)
MAT$(PROJECT)_SRC := matlab/+$(PROJECT)/private/$(PROJECT)_.cpp
ifneq ($(MATLAB_DIR),)
    MAT_SO_EXT := $(shell $(MATLAB_DIR)/bin/mexext)
endif
MAT$(PROJECT)_SO := matlab/+$(PROJECT)/private/$(PROJECT)_.$(MAT_SO_EXT)

##############################
# Derive generated files
##############################
# The generated files for protocol buffers
PROTO_GEN_HEADER_SRCS := $(addprefix $(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/, \
        $(notdir ${PROTO_SRCS:.proto=.pb.h}))
PROTO_GEN_HEADER := $(addprefix $(PROTO_BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR)/, \
        $(notdir ${PROTO_SRCS:.proto=.pb.h}))
PROTO_GEN_CC := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${PROTO_SRCS:.proto=.pb.cc})
PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR := python/$(PROJECT)/proto
PY_PROTO_INIT := python/$(PROJECT)/proto/__init__.py
PROTO_GEN_PY := $(foreach file,${PROTO_SRCS:.proto=_pb2.py}, \
        $(PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(file)))
# The objects corresponding to the source files
# These objects will be linked into the final shared library, so we
# exclude the tool, example, and test objects.
CXX_OBJS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${CXX_SRCS:.cpp=.o})
CU_OBJS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/, ${CU_SRCS:.cu=.o})
PROTO_OBJS := ${PROTO_GEN_CC:.cc=.o}
OBJS := $(PROTO_OBJS) $(CXX_OBJS) $(CU_OBJS)
# tool, example, and test objects
TOOL_OBJS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${TOOL_SRCS:.cpp=.o})
TOOL_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/tools
TEST_CXX_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/src/$(PROJECT)/test
TEST_CU_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/src/$(PROJECT)/test
TEST_CXX_OBJS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${TEST_SRCS:.cpp=.o})
TEST_CU_OBJS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/, ${TEST_CU_SRCS:.cu=.o})
TEST_OBJS := $(TEST_CXX_OBJS) $(TEST_CU_OBJS)
GTEST_OBJ := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${GTEST_SRC:.cpp=.o})
EXAMPLE_OBJS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${EXAMPLE_SRCS:.cpp=.o})
# Output files for automatic dependency generation
DEPS := ${CXX_OBJS:.o=.d} ${CU_OBJS:.o=.d} ${TEST_CXX_OBJS:.o=.d} \
    ${TEST_CU_OBJS:.o=.d} $(BUILD_DIR)/${MAT$(PROJECT)_SO:.$(MAT_SO_EXT)=.d}
# tool, example, and test bins
TOOL_BINS := ${TOOL_OBJS:.o=.bin}
EXAMPLE_BINS := ${EXAMPLE_OBJS:.o=.bin}
# symlinks to tool bins without the ".bin" extension
TOOL_BIN_LINKS := ${TOOL_BINS:.bin=}
# Put the test binaries in build/test for convenience.
TEST_BIN_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/test
TEST_CU_BINS := $(addsuffix .testbin,$(addprefix $(TEST_BIN_DIR)/, \
        $(foreach obj,$(TEST_CU_OBJS),$(basename $(notdir $(obj))))))
TEST_CXX_BINS := $(addsuffix .testbin,$(addprefix $(TEST_BIN_DIR)/, \
        $(foreach obj,$(TEST_CXX_OBJS),$(basename $(notdir $(obj))))))
TEST_BINS := $(TEST_CXX_BINS) $(TEST_CU_BINS)
# TEST_ALL_BIN is the test binary that links caffe dynamically.
TEST_ALL_BIN := $(TEST_BIN_DIR)/test_all.testbin

##############################
# Derive compiler warning dump locations
##############################
WARNS_EXT := warnings.txt
CXX_WARNS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${CXX_SRCS:.cpp=.o.$(WARNS_EXT)})
CU_WARNS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/, ${CU_SRCS:.cu=.o.$(WARNS_EXT)})
TOOL_WARNS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${TOOL_SRCS:.cpp=.o.$(WARNS_EXT)})
EXAMPLE_WARNS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${EXAMPLE_SRCS:.cpp=.o.$(WARNS_EXT)})
TEST_WARNS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, ${TEST_SRCS:.cpp=.o.$(WARNS_EXT)})
TEST_CU_WARNS := $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/, ${TEST_CU_SRCS:.cu=.o.$(WARNS_EXT)})
ALL_CXX_WARNS := $(CXX_WARNS) $(TOOL_WARNS) $(EXAMPLE_WARNS) $(TEST_WARNS)
ALL_CU_WARNS := $(CU_WARNS) $(TEST_CU_WARNS)
ALL_WARNS := $(ALL_CXX_WARNS) $(ALL_CU_WARNS)

EMPTY_WARN_REPORT := $(BUILD_DIR)/.$(WARNS_EXT)
NONEMPTY_WARN_REPORT := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(WARNS_EXT)

##############################
# Derive include and lib directories
##############################
CUDA_INCLUDE_DIR := $(CUDA_DIR)/include

CUDA_LIB_DIR :=
# add /lib64 only if it exists
ifneq ("$(wildcard $(CUDA_DIR)/lib64)","")
    CUDA_LIB_DIR += $(CUDA_DIR)/lib64
endif
CUDA_LIB_DIR += $(CUDA_DIR)/lib

INCLUDE_DIRS += $(BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR) ./src ./include
ifneq ($(CPU_ONLY), 1)
    INCLUDE_DIRS += $(CUDA_INCLUDE_DIR)
    LIBRARY_DIRS += $(CUDA_LIB_DIR)
    LIBRARIES := cudart cublas curand
endif

LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf boost_system boost_filesystem m hdf5_hl hdf5

# handle IO dependencies
USE_LEVELDB ?= 1
USE_LMDB ?= 1
USE_OPENCV ?= 1

ifeq ($(USE_LEVELDB), 1)
    LIBRARIES += leveldb snappy
endif
ifeq ($(USE_LMDB), 1)
    LIBRARIES += lmdb
endif
ifeq ($(USE_OPENCV), 1)
    LIBRARIES += opencv_core opencv_highgui opencv_imgproc

    ifeq ($(OPENCV_VERSION), 3)
        LIBRARIES += opencv_imgcodecs
    endif

endif
PYTHON_LIBRARIES ?= boost_python python2.7
WARNINGS := -Wall -Wno-sign-compare

##############################
# Set build directories
##############################

DISTRIBUTE_DIR ?= distribute
DISTRIBUTE_SUBDIRS := $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/bin $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/lib
DIST_ALIASES := dist
ifneq ($(strip $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)),distribute)
        DIST_ALIASES += distribute
endif

ALL_BUILD_DIRS := $(sort $(BUILD_DIR) $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/, $(SRC_DIRS)) \
    $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/, $(SRC_DIRS)) \
    $(LIB_BUILD_DIR) $(TEST_BIN_DIR) $(PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR) $(LINT_OUTPUT_DIR) \
    $(DISTRIBUTE_SUBDIRS) $(PROTO_BUILD_INCLUDE_DIR))

##############################
# Set directory for Doxygen-generated documentation
##############################
DOXYGEN_CONFIG_FILE ?= ./.Doxyfile
# should be the same as OUTPUT_DIRECTORY in the .Doxyfile
DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR ?= ./doxygen
DOXYGEN_COMMAND ?= doxygen
# All the files that might have Doxygen documentation.
DOXYGEN_SOURCES := $(shell find \
    src/$(PROJECT) \
    include/$(PROJECT) \
    python/ \
    matlab/ \
    examples \
    tools \
    -name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.hpp" -or -name "*.cu" -or -name "*.cuh" -or \
        -name "*.py" -or -name "*.m")
DOXYGEN_SOURCES += $(DOXYGEN_CONFIG_FILE)


##############################
# Configure build
##############################

# Determine platform
UNAME := $(shell uname -s)
ifeq ($(UNAME), Linux)
    LINUX := 1
else ifeq ($(UNAME), Darwin)
    OSX := 1
    OSX_MAJOR_VERSION := $(shell sw_vers -productVersion | cut -f 1 -d .)
    OSX_MINOR_VERSION := $(shell sw_vers -productVersion | cut -f 2 -d .)
endif

# Linux
ifeq ($(LINUX), 1)
    CXX ?= /usr/bin/g++
    GCCVERSION := $(shell $(CXX) -dumpversion | cut -f1,2 -d.)
    # older versions of gcc are too dumb to build boost with -Wuninitalized
    ifeq ($(shell echo | awk '{exit $(GCCVERSION) < 4.6;}'), 1)
        WARNINGS += -Wno-uninitialized
    endif
    # boost::thread is reasonably called boost_thread (compare OS X)
    # We will also explicitly add stdc++ to the link target.
    LIBRARIES += boost_thread stdc++
    VERSIONFLAGS += -Wl,-soname,$(DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT) -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../lib
endif

# OS X:
# clang++ instead of g++
# libstdc++ for NVCC compatibility on OS X >= 10.9 with CUDA < 7.0
ifeq ($(OSX), 1)
    CXX := /usr/bin/clang++
    ifneq ($(CPU_ONLY), 1)
        CUDA_VERSION := $(shell $(CUDA_DIR)/bin/nvcc -V | grep -o 'release \d' | grep -o '\d')
        ifeq ($(shell echo | awk '{exit $(CUDA_VERSION) < 7.0;}'), 1)
            CXXFLAGS += -stdlib=libstdc++
            LINKFLAGS += -stdlib=libstdc++
        endif
        # clang throws this warning for cuda headers
        WARNINGS += -Wno-unneeded-internal-declaration
        # 10.11 strips DYLD_* env vars so link CUDA (rpath is available on 10.5+)
        OSX_10_OR_LATER   := $(shell [ $(OSX_MAJOR_VERSION) -ge 10 ] && echo true)
        OSX_10_5_OR_LATER := $(shell [ $(OSX_MINOR_VERSION) -ge 5 ] && echo true)
        ifeq ($(OSX_10_OR_LATER),true)
            ifeq ($(OSX_10_5_OR_LATER),true)
                LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,$(CUDA_LIB_DIR)
            endif
        endif
    endif
    # gtest needs to use its own tuple to not conflict with clang
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1
    # boost::thread is called boost_thread-mt to mark multithreading on OS X
    LIBRARIES += boost_thread-mt
    # we need to explicitly ask for the rpath to be obeyed
    ORIGIN := @loader_path
    VERSIONFLAGS += -Wl,-install_name,@rpath/$(DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT) -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../../build/lib
else
    ORIGIN := \$$ORIGIN
endif

# Custom compiler
ifdef CUSTOM_CXX
    CXX := $(CUSTOM_CXX)
endif

# Static linking
ifneq (,$(findstring clang++,$(CXX)))
    STATIC_LINK_COMMAND := -Wl,-force_load $(STATIC_NAME)
else ifneq (,$(findstring g++,$(CXX)))
    STATIC_LINK_COMMAND := -Wl,--whole-archive $(STATIC_NAME) -Wl,--no-whole-archive
else
  # The following line must not be indented with a tab, since we are not inside a target
  $(error Cannot static link with the $(CXX) compiler)
endif

# Debugging
ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DDEBUG -g -O0
    NVCCFLAGS += -G
else
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DNDEBUG -O2
endif

# cuDNN acceleration configuration.
ifeq ($(USE_CUDNN), 1)
    LIBRARIES += cudnn
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_CUDNN
endif

# configure IO libraries
ifeq ($(USE_OPENCV), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_OPENCV
endif
ifeq ($(USE_LEVELDB), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_LEVELDB
endif
ifeq ($(USE_LMDB), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_LMDB
ifeq ($(ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK
endif
endif

# CPU-only configuration
ifeq ($(CPU_ONLY), 1)
    OBJS := $(PROTO_OBJS) $(CXX_OBJS)
    TEST_OBJS := $(TEST_CXX_OBJS)
    TEST_BINS := $(TEST_CXX_BINS)
    ALL_WARNS := $(ALL_CXX_WARNS)
    TEST_FILTER := --gtest_filter="-*GPU*"
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DCPU_ONLY
endif

# Python layer support
ifeq ($(WITH_PYTHON_LAYER), 1)
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DWITH_PYTHON_LAYER
    LIBRARIES += $(PYTHON_LIBRARIES)
endif

# BLAS configuration (default = ATLAS)
BLAS ?= atlas
ifeq ($(BLAS), mkl)
    # MKL
    LIBRARIES += mkl_rt
    COMMON_FLAGS += -DUSE_MKL
    MKLROOT ?= /opt/intel/mkl
    BLAS_INCLUDE ?= $(MKLROOT)/include
    BLAS_LIB ?= $(MKLROOT)/lib $(MKLROOT)/lib/intel64
else ifeq ($(BLAS), open)
    # OpenBLAS
    LIBRARIES += openblas
else
    # ATLAS
    ifeq ($(LINUX), 1)
        ifeq ($(BLAS), atlas)
            # Linux simply has cblas and atlas
            LIBRARIES += cblas atlas
        endif
    else ifeq ($(OSX), 1)
        # OS X packages atlas as the vecLib framework
        LIBRARIES += cblas
        # 10.10 has accelerate while 10.9 has veclib
        XCODE_CLT_VER := $(shell pkgutil --pkg-info=com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables | grep 'version' | sed 's/[^0-9]*\([0-9]\).*/\1/')
        XCODE_CLT_GEQ_6 := $(shell [ $(XCODE_CLT_VER) -gt 5 ] && echo 1)
        ifeq ($(XCODE_CLT_GEQ_6), 1)
            BLAS_INCLUDE ?= /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/Current/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/
            LDFLAGS += -framework Accelerate
        else
            BLAS_INCLUDE ?= /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/Current/Headers/
            LDFLAGS += -framework vecLib
        endif
    endif
endif
INCLUDE_DIRS += $(BLAS_INCLUDE)
LIBRARY_DIRS += $(BLAS_LIB)

LIBRARY_DIRS += $(LIB_BUILD_DIR)

# Automatic dependency generation (nvcc is handled separately)
CXXFLAGS += -MMD -MP

# Complete build flags.
COMMON_FLAGS += $(foreach includedir,$(INCLUDE_DIRS),-I$(includedir))
CXXFLAGS += -pthread -fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS) $(WARNINGS)
NVCCFLAGS += -ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler -fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)
# mex may invoke an older gcc that is too liberal with -Wuninitalized
MATLAB_CXXFLAGS := $(CXXFLAGS) -Wno-uninitialized
LINKFLAGS += -pthread -fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS) $(WARNINGS)

USE_PKG_CONFIG ?= 0
ifeq ($(USE_PKG_CONFIG), 1)
    PKG_CONFIG := $(shell pkg-config opencv --libs)
else
    PKG_CONFIG :=
endif
LDFLAGS += $(foreach librarydir,$(LIBRARY_DIRS),-L$(librarydir)) $(PKG_CONFIG) \
        $(foreach library,$(LIBRARIES),-l$(library))
PYTHON_LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS) $(foreach library,$(PYTHON_LIBRARIES),-l$(library))

# 'superclean' target recursively* deletes all files ending with an extension
# in $(SUPERCLEAN_EXTS) below.  This may be useful if you've built older
# versions of Caffe that do not place all generated files in a location known
# to the 'clean' target.
#
# 'supercleanlist' will list the files to be deleted by make superclean.
#
# * Recursive with the exception that symbolic links are never followed, per the
# default behavior of 'find'.
SUPERCLEAN_EXTS := .so .a .o .bin .testbin .pb.cc .pb.h _pb2.py .cuo

# Set the sub-targets of the 'everything' target.
EVERYTHING_TARGETS := all py$(PROJECT) test warn lint
# Only build matcaffe as part of "everything" if MATLAB_DIR is specified.
ifneq ($(MATLAB_DIR),)
    EVERYTHING_TARGETS += mat$(PROJECT)
endif

##############################
# Define build targets
##############################
.PHONY: all lib test clean docs linecount lint lintclean tools examples $(DIST_ALIASES) \
    py mat py$(PROJECT) mat$(PROJECT) proto runtest \
    superclean supercleanlist supercleanfiles warn everything

all: lib tools examples

lib: $(STATIC_NAME) $(DYNAMIC_NAME)

everything: $(EVERYTHING_TARGETS)

linecount:
    cloc --read-lang-def=$(PROJECT).cloc \
        src/$(PROJECT) include/$(PROJECT) tools examples \
        python matlab

lint: $(EMPTY_LINT_REPORT)

lintclean:
    @ $(RM) -r $(LINT_OUTPUT_DIR) $(EMPTY_LINT_REPORT) $(NONEMPTY_LINT_REPORT)

docs: $(DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR)
    @ cd ./docs ; ln -sfn ../$(DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR)/html doxygen

$(DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR): $(DOXYGEN_CONFIG_FILE) $(DOXYGEN_SOURCES)
    $(DOXYGEN_COMMAND) $(DOXYGEN_CONFIG_FILE)

$(EMPTY_LINT_REPORT): $(LINT_OUTPUTS) | $(BUILD_DIR)
    @ cat $(LINT_OUTPUTS) > $@
    @ if [ -s "$@" ]; then \
        cat $@; \
        mv $@ $(NONEMPTY_LINT_REPORT); \
        echo "Found one or more lint errors."; \
        exit 1; \
      fi; \
      $(RM) $(NONEMPTY_LINT_REPORT); \
      echo "No lint errors!";

$(LINT_OUTPUTS): $(LINT_OUTPUT_DIR)/%.lint.txt : % $(LINT_SCRIPT) | $(LINT_OUTPUT_DIR)
    @ mkdir -p $(dir $@)
    @ python $(LINT_SCRIPT) $< 2>&1 \
        | grep -v "^Done processing " \
        | grep -v "^Total errors found: 0" \
        > $@ \
        || true

test: $(TEST_ALL_BIN) $(TEST_ALL_DYNLINK_BIN) $(TEST_BINS)

tools: $(TOOL_BINS) $(TOOL_BIN_LINKS)

examples: $(EXAMPLE_BINS)

py$(PROJECT): py

py: $(PY$(PROJECT)_SO) $(PROTO_GEN_PY)

$(PY$(PROJECT)_SO): $(PY$(PROJECT)_SRC) $(PY$(PROJECT)_HXX) | $(DYNAMIC_NAME)
    @ echo CXX/LD -o $@ $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) -shared -o $@ $(PY$(PROJECT)_SRC) \
        -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) $(PYTHON_LDFLAGS) \
        -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../../build/lib

mat$(PROJECT): mat

mat: $(MAT$(PROJECT)_SO)

$(MAT$(PROJECT)_SO): $(MAT$(PROJECT)_SRC) $(STATIC_NAME)
    @ if [ -z "$(MATLAB_DIR)" ]; then \
        echo "MATLAB_DIR must be specified in $(CONFIG_FILE)" \
            "to build mat$(PROJECT)."; \
        exit 1; \
    fi
    @ echo MEX $<
    $(Q)$(MATLAB_DIR)/bin/mex $(MAT$(PROJECT)_SRC) \
            CXX="$(CXX)" \
            CXXFLAGS="\$$CXXFLAGS $(MATLAB_CXXFLAGS)" \
            CXXLIBS="\$$CXXLIBS $(STATIC_LINK_COMMAND) $(LDFLAGS)" -output $@
    @ if [ -f "$(PROJECT)_.d" ]; then \
        mv -f $(PROJECT)_.d $(BUILD_DIR)/${MAT$(PROJECT)_SO:.$(MAT_SO_EXT)=.d}; \
    fi

runtest: $(TEST_ALL_BIN)
    $(TOOL_BUILD_DIR)/caffe
    $(TEST_ALL_BIN) $(TEST_GPUID) --gtest_shuffle $(TEST_FILTER)

pytest: py
    cd python; python -m unittest discover -s caffe/test

mattest: mat
    cd matlab; $(MATLAB_DIR)/bin/matlab -nodisplay -r 'caffe.run_tests(), exit()'

warn: $(EMPTY_WARN_REPORT)

$(EMPTY_WARN_REPORT): $(ALL_WARNS) | $(BUILD_DIR)
    @ cat $(ALL_WARNS) > $@
    @ if [ -s "$@" ]; then \
        cat $@; \
        mv $@ $(NONEMPTY_WARN_REPORT); \
        echo "Compiler produced one or more warnings."; \
        exit 1; \
      fi; \
      $(RM) $(NONEMPTY_WARN_REPORT); \
      echo "No compiler warnings!";

$(ALL_WARNS): %.o.$(WARNS_EXT) : %.o

$(BUILD_DIR_LINK): $(BUILD_DIR)/.linked

# Create a target ".linked" in this BUILD_DIR to tell Make that the "build" link
# is currently correct, then delete the one in the OTHER_BUILD_DIR in case it
# exists and $(DEBUG) is toggled later.
$(BUILD_DIR)/.linked:
    @ mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
    @ $(RM) $(OTHER_BUILD_DIR)/.linked
    @ $(RM) -r $(BUILD_DIR_LINK)
    @ ln -s $(BUILD_DIR) $(BUILD_DIR_LINK)
    @ touch $@

$(ALL_BUILD_DIRS): | $(BUILD_DIR_LINK)
    @ mkdir -p $@

$(DYNAMIC_NAME): $(OBJS) | $(LIB_BUILD_DIR)
    @ echo LD -o $@
    $(Q)$(CXX) -shared -o $@ $(OBJS) $(VERSIONFLAGS) $(LINKFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
    @ cd $(BUILD_DIR)/lib; rm -f $(DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT);   ln -s $(DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT) $(DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT)

$(STATIC_NAME): $(OBJS) | $(LIB_BUILD_DIR)
    @ echo AR -o $@
    $(Q)ar rcs $@ $(OBJS)

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.cpp | $(ALL_BUILD_DIRS)
    @ echo CXX $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) $< $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $@ 2> $@.$(WARNS_EXT) \
        || (cat $@.$(WARNS_EXT); exit 1)
    @ cat $@.$(WARNS_EXT)

$(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/%.pb.o: $(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/%.pb.cc $(PROTO_GEN_HEADER) \
        | $(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)
    @ echo CXX $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) $< $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $@ 2> $@.$(WARNS_EXT) \
        || (cat $@.$(WARNS_EXT); exit 1)
    @ cat $@.$(WARNS_EXT)

$(BUILD_DIR)/cuda/%.o: %.cu | $(ALL_BUILD_DIRS)
    @ echo NVCC $<
    $(Q)$(CUDA_DIR)/bin/nvcc $(NVCCFLAGS) $(CUDA_ARCH) -M $< -o ${@:.o=.d} \
        -odir $(@D)
    $(Q)$(CUDA_DIR)/bin/nvcc $(NVCCFLAGS) $(CUDA_ARCH) -c $< -o $@ 2> $@.$(WARNS_EXT) \
        || (cat $@.$(WARNS_EXT); exit 1)
    @ cat $@.$(WARNS_EXT)

$(TEST_ALL_BIN): $(TEST_MAIN_SRC) $(TEST_OBJS) $(GTEST_OBJ) \
        | $(DYNAMIC_NAME) $(TEST_BIN_DIR)
    @ echo CXX/LD -o $@ $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) $(TEST_MAIN_SRC) $(TEST_OBJS) $(GTEST_OBJ) \
        -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../lib

$(TEST_CU_BINS): $(TEST_BIN_DIR)/%.testbin: $(TEST_CU_BUILD_DIR)/%.o \
    $(GTEST_OBJ) | $(DYNAMIC_NAME) $(TEST_BIN_DIR)
    @ echo LD $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) $(TEST_MAIN_SRC) $< $(GTEST_OBJ) \
        -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../lib

$(TEST_CXX_BINS): $(TEST_BIN_DIR)/%.testbin: $(TEST_CXX_BUILD_DIR)/%.o \
    $(GTEST_OBJ) | $(DYNAMIC_NAME) $(TEST_BIN_DIR)
    @ echo LD $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) $(TEST_MAIN_SRC) $< $(GTEST_OBJ) \
        -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../lib

# Target for extension-less symlinks to tool binaries with extension '*.bin'.
$(TOOL_BUILD_DIR)/%: $(TOOL_BUILD_DIR)/%.bin | $(TOOL_BUILD_DIR)
    @ $(RM) $@
    @ ln -s $(notdir $<) $@

$(TOOL_BINS): %.bin : %.o | $(DYNAMIC_NAME)
    @ echo CXX/LD -o $@
    $(Q)$(CXX) $< -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) $(LDFLAGS) \
        -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../lib

$(EXAMPLE_BINS): %.bin : %.o | $(DYNAMIC_NAME)
    @ echo CXX/LD -o $@
    $(Q)$(CXX) $< -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) $(LDFLAGS) \
        -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../../lib

proto: $(PROTO_GEN_CC) $(PROTO_GEN_HEADER)

$(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/%.pb.cc $(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/%.pb.h : \
        $(PROTO_SRC_DIR)/%.proto | $(PROTO_BUILD_DIR)
    @ echo PROTOC $<
    $(Q)protoc --proto_path=$(PROTO_SRC_DIR) --cpp_out=$(PROTO_BUILD_DIR) $<

$(PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR)/%_pb2.py : $(PROTO_SRC_DIR)/%.proto \
        $(PY_PROTO_INIT) | $(PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR)
    @ echo PROTOC \(python\) $<
    $(Q)protoc --proto_path=$(PROTO_SRC_DIR) --python_out=$(PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR) $<

$(PY_PROTO_INIT): | $(PY_PROTO_BUILD_DIR)
    touch $(PY_PROTO_INIT)

clean:
    @- $(RM) -rf $(ALL_BUILD_DIRS)
    @- $(RM) -rf $(OTHER_BUILD_DIR)
    @- $(RM) -rf $(BUILD_DIR_LINK)
    @- $(RM) -rf $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)
    @- $(RM) $(PY$(PROJECT)_SO)
    @- $(RM) $(MAT$(PROJECT)_SO)

supercleanfiles:
    $(eval SUPERCLEAN_FILES := $(strip \
            $(foreach ext,$(SUPERCLEAN_EXTS), $(shell find . -name '*$(ext)' \
            -not -path './data/*'))))

supercleanlist: supercleanfiles
    @ \
    if [ -z "$(SUPERCLEAN_FILES)" ]; then \
        echo "No generated files found."; \
    else \
        echo $(SUPERCLEAN_FILES) | tr ' ' '\n'; \
    fi

superclean: clean supercleanfiles
    @ \
    if [ -z "$(SUPERCLEAN_FILES)" ]; then \
        echo "No generated files found."; \
    else \
        echo "Deleting the following generated files:"; \
        echo $(SUPERCLEAN_FILES) | tr ' ' '\n'; \
        $(RM) $(SUPERCLEAN_FILES); \
    fi

$(DIST_ALIASES): $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)

$(DISTRIBUTE_DIR): all py | $(DISTRIBUTE_SUBDIRS)
    # add proto
    cp -r src/caffe/proto $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/
    # add include
    cp -r include $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/
    mkdir -p $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/include/caffe/proto
    cp $(PROTO_GEN_HEADER_SRCS) $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/include/caffe/proto
    # add tool and example binaries
    cp $(TOOL_BINS) $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/bin
    cp $(EXAMPLE_BINS) $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/bin
    # add libraries
    cp $(STATIC_NAME) $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/lib
    install -m 644 $(DYNAMIC_NAME) $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/lib
    cd $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/lib; rm -f $(DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT);   ln -s $(DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT) $(DYNAMIC_NAME_SHORT)
    # add python - it's not the standard way, indeed...
    cp -r python $(DISTRIBUTE_DIR)/python

-include $(DEPS)