参考：http://www.iyunv.com/thread-26870-1-1.html
实验环境：192.168.127.141 nginx+tomcat
192.168.127.130 tomcat
安装nginx和tomcat省略
nginx配置文件：
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log;
charset utf-8;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
upstream web_server {
server 192.168.127.130:8080 weight=1;
server 192.168.127.141:8080 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.127.141;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
##动态文件转发到后端的tomcat集群
location ~.*\.(php|jsp|cgi?$){
proxy_pass http://web_server;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
location ~.*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
{
# root /usr/local/nginx/html; ##这个目录根据自己的情况定义，这是静态文件所放的目录
expires 30d;
}
## js、css文件从本地读取，且定义在浏览器中缓存1小时
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
}
}
注意：
把tomcat下面的ROOT目录复制到/usr/local/nginx/html这个目录下面
nginx配置文件设置：
root /usr/local/nginx/html/ROOT;
测试反向代理和负载均衡：
这样我们直接访问http://192.168.127.141就出现了tomcat的页面了，说明我们的反向代理成功了，如图： 两个不同的页面说明我们的负载均衡也成功了。
测试动静分离：
分别在两台tomcat服务器上面建立两个文件,便于测试
cd /usr/local/tomcat//webapps/ mkdir shop vi shop/test.html 141 html ! vi shop/test.jsp 141 jsp! cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ mkdir shop vi shop/test.html 130 html! vi shop/test.jsp 130 jsp!
测试tomcat是否正常工作，浏览器中访问，能够正常显示测试页面，表明工作正常
http://192.168.127.141:8080/shop/test.html
http://192.168.127.141:8080/shop/test.jsp
http://192.168.127.130:8080/shop/test.html
http://192.168.127.130:8080/shop/test.jsp
在nginx的/usr/local/nginx/html/ROOT 目录下创建测试目录shop、测试文件test.html和test.jsp
mkdir shop
vi shop/test.html
141 html nginx
vi shop/test.jsp
141jsp
在浏览器中访问http://192.168.127.141/shop/test.html ，无论怎样刷新，页面都显示如下：
在浏览器中访问http://192.168.127.141/shop/test.jsp,刷新几次，显示不同的内容，如下
从结果来看，访问html静态文件时，返回的是nginx中的文件，而访问jsp动态页面时则是轮询后端的tomcat集群。至此，反向代理+动静分离已经实现。
最后我们来比较动静分离与单纯的反向代理的性能差异：
安装ab工具 yum install httpd-tools
测试tomcat
ab -n 20000 -c 3000 http://127.0.0.1:8080/shop/test.html Server Software: Apache-Coyote/1.1 Server Hostname: 127.0.0.1 Server Port: 8080 Document Path: /shop/test.html Document Length: 9 bytes Concurrency Level: 3000 Time taken for tests: 7.115 seconds Complete requests: 20000 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Total transferred: 5011750 bytes HTML transferred: 180423 bytes Requests per second: 2810.88 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 1067.281 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.356 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 687.86 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 637 903.3 85 3110 Processing: 3 119 270.8 74 4494 Waiting: 1 95 270.2 56 4492 Total: 25 756 1004.8 170 6766
一共请求20000次，每次3000的并发访问，总共用的时间为7.115秒，吞吐量为0.68M/s
测试nginx
ab -n 20000 -c 3000 http://127.0.0.1:80/shop/test.html Server Software: nginx/1.6.2 Server Hostname: 127.0.0.1 Server Port: 80 Document Path: /shop/test.html Document Length: 15 bytes Concurrency Level: 3000 Time taken for tests: 2.483 seconds Complete requests: 20000 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Total transferred: 6960599 bytes HTML transferred: 315435 bytes Requests per second: 8056.09 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 372.389 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.124 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 2738.05 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 169 191.8 129 1133 Processing: 87 176 49.1 173 335 Waiting: 0 133 45.1 128 281 Total: 123 345 204.2 315 1400
相同压力下，访问nginx总共所用时间2.483秒，吞吐量位2.73M/s, 可见nginx在处理静态页面上远优于tomcat。