图像处理------简单综合实例(大米计数)

一位网友给我发了几张灰度图像，说是他们单位的工业相机拍摄的，画质非常的清楚，他们

单位是农业科研单位，特别想知道种子的数量，他想知道的是每次工业相机拍摄种子图片中

有多少颗粒种子，想到了用图像处理的办法解决他们的问题，看了他给我照片，以大米种子

为例。实现了一个简单的算法流程，可以得到种子的数目。

大致算法分为以下三个步骤：

1.      将灰度图像二值化，二值化方法可以参考以前的文章，求取像素平均值，灰度直方图都

          可以

2.      去掉二值化以后的图像中干扰噪声。

3.      得到种子数目，用彩色标记出来。

源图像如下：

程序处理中间结果及最终效果如下：

二值化处理参见以前的文章 - http://blog.csdn.net/jia20003/article/details/7392325

大米计数与噪声块消去算法基于连通组件标记算法，源代码如下：

package com.gloomyfish.rice.analysis;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;

import com.gloomyfish.face.detection.AbstractBufferedImageOp;
import com.gloomyfish.face.detection.FastConnectedComponentLabelAlg;

public class FindRiceFilter extends AbstractBufferedImageOp {

    private int sumRice;

    public int getSumRice() {
        return this.sumRice;
    }

    @Override
    public BufferedImage filter(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dest) {
        int width = src.getWidth();
        int height = src.getHeight();

        if ( dest == null )
            dest = createCompatibleDestImage( src, null );

        int[] inPixels = new int[width*height];
        int[] outPixels = new int[width*height];
        getRGB(src, 0, 0, width, height, inPixels );

        FastConnectedComponentLabelAlg fccAlg = new FastConnectedComponentLabelAlg();
        fccAlg.setBgColor(0);
        int[] outData = fccAlg.doLabel(inPixels, width, height);
        // labels statistic
        HashMap labelMap = new HashMap();
        for(int d=0; d
            if(outData[d] != 0) {
                if(labelMap.containsKey(outData[d])) {
                    Integer count = labelMap.get(outData[d]);
                    count+=1;
                    labelMap.put(outData[d], count);
                } else {
                    labelMap.put(outData[d], 1);
                }
            }
        }

        // try to find the max connected component
        Integer[] keys = labelMap.keySet().toArray(new Integer[0]);
        Arrays.sort(keys);
        int threshold = 10;
        ArrayList listKeys = new ArrayList();
        for(Integer key : keys) {
            if(labelMap.get(key) <=threshold){
                listKeys.add(key);
            }
            System.out.println( "Number of " + key + " = " + labelMap.get(key));
        }
        sumRice = keys.length - listKeys.size();

        // calculate means of pixel
        int index = 0;
        for(int row=0; row
            int ta = 0, tr = 0, tg = 0, tb = 0;
            for(int col=0; col
                index = row * width + col;
                ta = (inPixels[index] >> 24) & 0xff;
                tr = (inPixels[index] >> 16) & 0xff;
                tg = (inPixels[index] >> 8) & 0xff;
                tb = inPixels[index] & 0xff;
                if(outData[index] != 0 && validRice(outData[index], listKeys)) {
                    tr = tg = tb = 255;
                } else {
                    tr = tg = tb = 0;
                }
                outPixels[index] = (ta << 24) | (tr << 16) | (tg << 8) | tb;
            }
        }
        setRGB( dest, 0, 0, width, height, outPixels );
        return dest;
    }

    private boolean validRice(int i, ArrayList listKeys) {
        for(Integer key : listKeys) {
            if(key == i) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

}

大米着色处理很简单，只是简单RGB固定着色，源码如下：

package com.gloomyfish.rice.analysis;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import com.gloomyfish.face.detection.AbstractBufferedImageOp;

public class ColorfulRiceFilter extends AbstractBufferedImageOp {

    @Override
    public BufferedImage filter(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dest) {
        int width = src.getWidth();
        int height = src.getHeight();

        if ( dest == null )
            dest = createCompatibleDestImage( src, null );

        int[] inPixels = new int[width*height];
        int[] outPixels = new int[width*height];
        getRGB(src, 0, 0, width, height, inPixels );

        int index = 0, srcrgb;
        for(int row=0; row
            int ta = 255, tr = 0, tg = 0, tb = 0;
            for(int col=0; col
                index = row * width + col;
//                ta = (inPixels[index] >> 24) & 0xff;
//                tr = (inPixels[index] >> 16) & 0xff;
//                tg = (inPixels[index] >> 8) & 0xff;
//                tb = inPixels[index] & 0xff;
                srcrgb = inPixels[index] & 0x000000ff;
                if(srcrgb > 0 && row < 140) {
                    tr = 0;
                    tg = 255;
                    tb = 0;
                } else if(srcrgb > 0 && row >= 140 && row <=280) {
                    tr = 0;
                    tg = 0;
                    tb = 255;
                } else if(srcrgb > 0 && row >=280) {
                    tr = 255;
                    tg = 0;
                    tb = 0;
                }
                else {
                    tr = tg = tb = 0;
                }
                outPixels[index] = (ta << 24) | (tr << 16) | (tg << 8) | tb;
            }
        }
        setRGB( dest, 0, 0, width, height, outPixels );
        return dest;
    }
}

测试程序UI代码如下：

package com.gloomyfish.rice.analysis;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.MediaTracker;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class MainFrame extends JComponent implements ActionListener {
    /**
     *
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1518574788794973574L;
    public final static String BROWSE_CMD = "Browse...";
    public final static String NOISE_CMD = "Remove Noise";
    public final static String FUN_CMD = "Colorful Rice";

    private BufferedImage rawImg;
    private BufferedImage resultImage;
    private MediaTracker tracker;
    private Dimension mySize;

    // JButtons
    private JButton browseBtn;
    private JButton noiseBtn;
    private JButton colorfulBtn;

    // rice number....
    private int riceNum = -1;


    public MainFrame() {
        JPanel btnPanel = new JPanel();
        btnPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        browseBtn = new JButton("Browse...");
        noiseBtn = new JButton("Remove Noise");
        colorfulBtn = new JButton("Colorful Rice");

        browseBtn.setToolTipText("Please select image file...");
        noiseBtn.setToolTipText("find connected region and draw red rectangle");
        colorfulBtn.setToolTipText("Remove the minor noise region pixels...");

        // buttons
        btnPanel.add(browseBtn);
        btnPanel.add(noiseBtn);
        btnPanel.add(colorfulBtn);

        // setup listener...
        browseBtn.addActionListener(this);
        noiseBtn.addActionListener(this);
        colorfulBtn.addActionListener(this);

        browseBtn.setEnabled(true);
        noiseBtn.setEnabled(true);
        colorfulBtn.setEnabled(true);

//      minX = minY =  10000;
//      maxX = maxY = -1;

        mySize = new Dimension(500, 300);
        JFrame demoUI = new JFrame("Rice Detection Demo");
        demoUI.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        demoUI.getContentPane().add(this, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        demoUI.getContentPane().add(btnPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        demoUI.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        demoUI.pack();
        demoUI.setVisible(true);
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
        if(rawImg != null) {
            Image scaledImage = rawImg.getScaledInstance(200, 200, Image.SCALE_FAST);
            g2.drawImage(scaledImage, 0, 0, 200, 200, null);
        }
        if(resultImage != null) {
            Image scaledImage = resultImage.getScaledInstance(200, 200, Image.SCALE_FAST);
            g2.drawImage(scaledImage, 210, 0, 200, 200, null);
        }

        g2.setPaint(Color.RED);
        if(riceNum > 0) {
            g2.drawString("Number of Rice : " + riceNum, 100, 300);
        } else {
            g2.drawString("Number of Rice : Unknown", 100, 300);
        }
    }
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
        return mySize;
    }

    public Dimension getMinimumSize() {
        return mySize;
    }

    public Dimension getMaximumSize() {
        return mySize;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MainFrame();
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(BROWSE_CMD.equals(e.getActionCommand())) {
            JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
            chooser.showOpenDialog(null);
            File f = chooser.getSelectedFile();
            BufferedImage bImage = null;
            if(f == null) return;
            try {
                bImage = ImageIO.read(f);

            } catch (IOException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }

            tracker = new MediaTracker(this);
            tracker.addImage(bImage, 1);

            // blocked 10 seconds to load the image data
            try {
                if (!tracker.waitForID(1, 10000)) {
                    System.out.println("Load error.");
                    System.exit(1);
                }// end if
            } catch (InterruptedException ine) {
                ine.printStackTrace();
                System.exit(1);
            } // end catch
            BinaryFilter bfilter = new BinaryFilter();
            rawImg = bfilter.filter(bImage, null);
            repaint();
        } else if(NOISE_CMD.equals(e.getActionCommand())) {
            FindRiceFilter frFilter = new FindRiceFilter();
            resultImage = frFilter.filter(rawImg, null);
            riceNum = frFilter.getSumRice();
            repaint();
        } else if(FUN_CMD.equals(e.getActionCommand())) {
            ColorfulRiceFilter cFilter = new ColorfulRiceFilter();
            resultImage = cFilter.filter(resultImage, null);
            repaint();
        } else {
            // do nothing...
        }

    }
}