Linux:使用mktemp创建临时文件/目录

mktemp的作用是创建临时文件/目录，并返回文件名，简单的语法如下：

NAME
       mktemp - create a temporary file or directory

SYNOPSIS
       mktemp [OPTION]... [TEMPLATE]

DESCRIPTION
       Create  a  temporary  file or directory, safely, and print its name.  TEMPLATE must contain at least 3 consecutive
       'X's in last component.  If TEMPLATE is not specified, use tmp.XXXXXXXXXX, and --tmpdir  is  implied.   Files  are
       created u+rw, and directories u+rwx, minus umask restrictions.

       -d, --directory create a directory, not a file
       -u, --dry-run do not create anything; merely print a name (unsafe)
       --suffix=SUFF append  SUFF to TEMPLATE.  SUFF must not contain slash.  This option is implied if TEMPLATE does not end in X.

示例1：创建临时文件   

qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ echo `mktemp`
/tmp/tmp.9Hs6fScHlN
qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ ls -l /tmp/tmp.9Hs6fScHlN 
-rw------- 1 qingsong qingsong 0 Aug 25 15:22 /tmp/tmp.9Hs6fScHlN

示例2：创建临时目录(-d)

qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ echo `mktemp -d`
/tmp/tmp.LY3ZvKPd6e
qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ ls -ld /tmp/tmp.LY3ZvKPd6e
drwx------ 2 qingsong qingsong 4096 Aug 25 15:23 /tmp/tmp.LY3ZvKPd6e

示例3：仅返回一个临时名子(-u)，并不真正创建文件:

qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ echo `mktemp -u`
/tmp/tmp.30bTZuaVDw
qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ ls -l /tmp/tmp.30bTZuaVDw
ls: cannot access /tmp/tmp.30bTZuaVDw: No such file or directory

示例4：指定创建临时文件的模板:

qingsong@db2a:/tmp$ echo `mktemp db2icrt.XXXXXXX`
db2icrt.sB1GXz7
后面的X要求至少有3位