Linux nginx的安装以及环境配置

1、下载nginx压缩包

下载：nginx官网
也可以直接使用wget命令下载，指令如下所示（请根据自己的需求进行下载）：

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

注意：这一步最好在自己的目标目录进行操作，我一般是把压缩包下载到/usr/local目录下。

2、配置nginx安装所需的环境

（1）安装相关依赖

# yum install readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel gcc -y 

（2）解压与编译安装

# tar zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.14.2
//安装相应模块
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module \
--with-threads \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module  &>/dev/null
//gmake -j 加速Linux程序编译
# gmake -j 2 &>/dev/null && gmake install &>/dev/null

(3)创建相应用户及目录

# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
# mkdir -p /data/logs/nginx
//创建存放每个站点文件的目录
# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost

(4)主配置文件nginx.conf中指定包含其他扩展配置文件，从而简化nginx主配置文件，实现多个站点功能

//备份原配置文件,直接用改写好的配置文件覆盖
# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx{,.`data +F`}
# cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf << \EOF
user  nginx nginx;
worker_processes  4;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  65535;
    multi_accept        on;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    #charset  utf-8;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 64k;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" '
                       '$upstream_addr $upstream_response_time $request_time';
    sendfile       on;
    tcp_nopush     on;
    client_max_body_size 1024m;
    tcp_nodelay    on;
    keepalive_timeout  100;
    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length  1k;
    gzip_buffers     4 8k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types       text/* text/css application/javascript application/x-javascript;
    server_tokens off;
#创建多个配置文件     
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/*.conf;
}
EOF 

（5）例如配置zabbix需要站点nginx虚拟目录

# cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/web.zabbix.com.conf << \EOF 
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  web.zabbix.com;
    access_log   /data/logs/nginx/zabbix_access.log  main;
    error_log    /data/logs/nginx/zabbix_error.log   error;
    location / {
        root   /data/web/zabbix;
        index  index.php index.html index.htm ;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        root   /data/web/zabbix;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name ;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}
EOF

(6)授予权限

# chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/nginx/

(7)检查配置语法及启动

# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  (-s reload重新加载)