CentOS7.3内网二进制包安装Zabbix4.4
环境概要：服务器部署在内网环境，无法连通互联网。
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
[root@centos7 ~]# ping www.baidu.com
^C
事前准备
在内网环境下配置好本地yum源，解决zabbix安装包的依赖包问题。
安装步骤详情如下：
1、查看SELINUX状态
若是没有关闭的时候，状态为enabled。
[root@centos7 ~]# sestatus -v | grep 'SELinux status'
SELinux status: disabled
2、临时关闭，重启后失效
[root@centos7 ~]# setenforce 0
3、永久关闭，重启后生效
[root@centos7 ~]# sed -i "s#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g" /etc/selinux/config
备注：生产环境未启动可以步骤2、3一起执行，已启用则执行步骤2，看具体情况操作
4、生产环境不关闭防火墙，开启防火墙指定端口
[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15531/tcp --permanent
success
[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
5、创建zabbix安装包存放目录，并搜寻zabbix4.4相关包上传
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/zabbixPackage
[root@centos7 ~]# ll /opt/zabbixPackage/
total 2924
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 428624 Apr 9 16:07 zabbix-agent-4.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2550236 Apr 9 16:07 zabbix-server-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9660 Apr 9 16:07 zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
备注：zabbix4.4官网下载地址：https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/
6、安装zabbix的服务器、前端、代理
[root@centos7 ~]# cd /opt/zabbix_installPackage/
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# yum install zabbix-server-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm #安装顺利
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# yum install zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm #安装报错
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# yum install zabbix-agent-4.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm #安装顺利
zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm包在安装的时候报错，报错信息如下：
Error: Package: zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch (/zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch)
Requires: zabbix-web = 4.4.0-1.el7
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
** Found 1 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of openssh-clients
根据报错，分别执行如下命令
yum install openssh-clients
yum install libzip php-common php-mysql php-pdo
yum install zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm --skip-broken
解决部分问题，最后报错信息如下：
Packages skipped because of dependency problems:
zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch from /zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch
尝试其他方法未果，后来在使用rpm命令而不是yum命令的时候，发现如下报错提示信息：
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# rpm -ivh zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
zabbix-web = 4.4.0-1.el7 is needed by zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch
遂知道还要再下载一个zabbix-web安装包，上传后整体安装，信息如下：
[root@centos7 zabbix_installPackage]# ll
total 5904
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 428624 Apr 9 16:07 zabbix-agent-4.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2550236 Apr 9 16:07 zabbix-server-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3049336 Apr 9 17:14 zabbix-web-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9660 Apr 9 17:06 zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# yum zabbix-web-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm zabbix-web-mysql-4.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm #安装成功
7、搜寻mysql5.7相关rpm包上传安装
在安装之前，先把服务器自带的mariadb包进行卸载。
[root@centos7 zabbixlPackage]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
上传相关软件包并一并进行安装。
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# ll mysql*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45109364 Apr 9 17:39 mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 318768 Apr 9 17:39 mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4374364 Apr 9 17:45 mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 208694824 Apr 9 17:35 mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.e################################# [ 25%]
2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7################################# [ 50%]
3:mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.e################################# [ 75%]
4:mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.e################################# [100%]
备注：mysql5.7官网下载地址：http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/
8、登录mysql，创建Zabbix数据库
启动mysql服务
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# systemctl start mysqld
mysql5.7的密码在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中查看.
按照实际情况筛选，本次密码为szvYBMN?#2XZ，如下所示：
[root@out-172-46-32-11 zabbixPackage]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-04-09T11:23:12.168509Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: szvYBMN?#2XZ
输入查询得到的密码，登录mysql。
登录后首先需要重设密码，注意密码复杂度（这是mysql5.7版的默认要求）
[root@out-172-46-32-11 zabbixPackage]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password=password("Gdsy07!#");
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
创建zabbix的用户与数据库（注意创建用户时的密码复杂度），以下命令在mysql中执行：
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'Gdsy07!#';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
9、导入Zabbix的初始化数据
在导入的过程中，要输入自定的密码，密码输入正确后，会等待一段时间，若是没有报错则说明导入成功。
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-4.4.0/create.sql.gz | mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix
Enter password:
[root@out-172-46-32-11 zabbixPackage]#
10、配置server端配置文件，设置httpd服务端口，zabbix密码、时区
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
进入vi编辑模式，先搜索，格式为/Listen，光标跳过去后，再修改Listen的值为自己在防火墙所开通的指定端口，最后键入:wq保存退出。如下图所示：
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
进入vi编辑模式，先搜索，格式为/DBPassword，光标跳过去后，再修改DBPassword的值为自己设置的密码，最后键入:wq保存退出。如下图所示：
[root@centos7 zabbixPackage]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
进入vi编辑模式，先搜索，格式为/timezone，光标跳过去后，去掉注释，修改timezone的值为Asia/Shanghai（国人一般也是设置该时区，可根据需要设置其他国家时区），最后键入:wq保存退出。如下图所示：
11、重启Zabbix相关服务，并进行页面端配置
[root@out-172-46-32-11 zabbixPackage]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent
Job for zabbix-server.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status zabbix-server.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
在重启zabbix相关服务的时候提示报错信息，根据提示键入journalctl -xe，发现如下报错信息：
Apr 09 20:04:50 out-172-46-32-11 zabbix_server[895]: /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Apr 09 20:04:50 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: zabbix-server.service: control process exited, code=exited status=127
Apr 09 20:04:50 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: Failed to start Zabbix Server.
根据提示可知是zabbix在启动的时候没有找到libmysqlclient.so.18文件。查看资料发现，该文件是由mysql-community-libs-compat包提供，遂在前文所提mysql5.7官网下载该rpm包上传安装。
[root@out-172-46-32-11 zabbixPackage]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2################################# [100%]
[root@out-172-46-32-11 zabbixPackage]# systemctl restart httpd
在重启httpd服务时发现响应速度很慢，根据提示键入journalctl -xe，发现如下报错信息：
Apr 09 21:01:36 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: httpd.service start operation timed out. Terminating.
Apr 09 21:03:06 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: httpd.service stop-final-sigterm timed out. Killing.
Apr 09 21:03:06 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: httpd.service: main process exited, code=killed, status=9/KILL
Apr 09 21:03:06 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server.
Apr 09 21:03:06 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: Unit httpd.service entered failed state.
Apr 09 21:03:06 out-172-46-32-11 systemd[1]: httpd.service failed.
根据提示出现超时问题，查找相关资料，其中一个处理方法是对于DNS配置的调整。遂改动本内网服务器的相关配置后重启，vim /etc/resolv.conf，启动正常。
访问ip地址:port/zabbix，本例子为http://xx.xx.xx.69:15531/zabbix，即可进入zabbix配置页面，如下图：
