在VirtualBox中扩展Linux VM的root盘

关闭虚机，首先为虚拟机添加1块盘，例如12G。
其实也可以将已有的盘扩容，但我之前盘的格式是VMDK，不支持扩容，如果是VDI就没有问题

E:\RACLab\Node2>"c:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage" modifyhd rootdisk1.vmdk --resize 200000
0%...
Progress state: VBOX_E_NOT_SUPPORTED
VBoxManage.exe: error: Resize medium operation for this format is not implemented yet!

启动虚机，在OS下格式化此盘sdh

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    0   24G  0 disk 
├─sda1        8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2        8:2    0 23.5G  0 part 
  ├─ol-root 252:0    0 21.1G  0 lvm  /
  └─ol-swap 252:1    0  2.4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb           8:16   0    2G  0 disk 
└─sdb1        8:17   0    2G  0 part 
sdc           8:32   0    2G  0 disk 
└─sdc1        8:33   0    2G  0 part 
sdd           8:48   0    2G  0 disk 
└─sdd1        8:49   0    2G  0 part 
sde           8:64   0    2G  0 disk 
└─sde1        8:65   0    2G  0 part 
sdf           8:80   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdf1        8:81   0   20G  0 part 
sdg           8:96   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdg1        8:97   0   20G  0 part 
sdh           8:112  0   12G  0 disk 
sr0          11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  
[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdh

fdisk输入的命令为n, p，回车，回车，w，形成分区sdh1

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# ls /dev/sd*
/dev/sda   /dev/sdb   /dev/sdc1  /dev/sde   /dev/sdf1  /dev/sdh
/dev/sda1  /dev/sdb1  /dev/sdd   /dev/sde1  /dev/sdg   /dev/sdh1
/dev/sda2  /dev/sdc   /dev/sdd1  /dev/sdf   /dev/sdg1

然后创建pv，扩展vg

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdh1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdh1" successfully created
[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ol
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               23.51 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              6018
  Alloc PE / Size       6008 / 23.47 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       10 / 40.00 MiB
  VG UUID               yOD2tO-qDZe-d19l-1P6J-cSA4-VN0I-BXxChX

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# vgextend ol /dev/sdh1
  Volume group "ol" successfully extended
[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# vgdisplay VolGroup00 | grep "Free"
  Volume group "VolGroup00" not found
  Cannot process volume group VolGroup00
[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# vgdisplay ol | grep "Free"
  Free  PE / Size       3081 / 12.04 GiB

查看并扩展lv

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ol/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                ol
  LV UUID                13PRF3-7Qwt-ssrv-eQNV-7LZw-dgDH-dyCjhY
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2016-10-22 21:25:09 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.40 GiB
  Current LE             615
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           252:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ol/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                ol
  LV UUID                rir5ib-Qrhd-e0e3-pEw6-1ffE-fXH2-5VRrF3
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2016-10-22 21:25:09 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                21.07 GiB
  Current LE             5393
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           252:0
[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# lvextend -L+12G /dev/ol/root
  Size of logical volume ol/root changed from 21.07 GiB (5393 extents) to 33.07 GiB (8465 extents).
  Logical volume root successfully resized.

扩展文件系统，不同文件系统的扩展命令可能不一样

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root   22G   14G  7.2G  67% /
devtmpfs             2.8G     0  2.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                2.8G  645M  2.2G  23% /dev/shm
tmpfs                2.8G  9.1M  2.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                2.8G     0  2.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1            497M  211M  287M  43% /boot
12.2.0.1             100G   89G   11G  89% /media/sf_12.2.0.1
tmpfs                572M  8.0K  572M   1% /run/user/0

[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/ol/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/ol-root    isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=1380608 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=5522432, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2696, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 5522432 to 8668160
[root@ol7-122-rac1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root   34G   14G   20G  43% /
devtmpfs             2.8G     0  2.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                2.8G  645M  2.2G  23% /dev/shm
tmpfs                2.8G  9.1M  2.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                2.8G     0  2.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1            497M  211M  287M  43% /boot
12.2.0.1             100G   89G   11G  89% /media/sf_12.2.0.1
tmpfs                572M  8.0K  572M   1% /run/user/0