本文档讲解使用 keepalived 和 haproxy 实现 kube-apiserver 高可用的步骤:
- keepalived 提供 kube-apiserver 对外服务的 VIP;
- haproxy 监听 VIP,后端连接所有 kube-apiserver 实例,提供健康检查和负载均衡功能;
运行 keepalived 和 haproxy 的节点称为 LB 节点。由于 keepalived 是一主多备运行模式,故至少两个 LB 节点。
本文档复用 master 节点的三台机器,haproxy 监听的端口(8443) 需要与 kube-apiserver 的端口 6443 不同,避免冲突。
keepalived 在运行过程中周期检查本机的 haproxy 进程状态,如果检测到 haproxy 进程异常,则触发重新选主的过程,VIP 将飘移到新选出来的主节点,从而实现 VIP 的高可用。
所有组件(如 kubeclt、apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler 等)都通过 VIP 和 haproxy 监听的 8443 端口访问 kube-apiserver 服务。
安装软件包
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh root@${node_ip} "yum install -y keepalived haproxy" done
配置和下发 haproxy 配置文件
haproxy 配置文件:
cat > haproxy.cfg <<EOF
global
log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice chroot /var/lib/haproxy stats socket /var/run/haproxy-admin.sock mode 660 level admin stats timeout 30s user haproxy group haproxy daemon nbproc 1 defaults log global timeout connect 5000 timeout client 10m timeout server 10m listen admin_stats bind 0.0.0.0:10080 mode http log 127.0.0.1 local0 err stats refresh 30s stats uri /status stats realm welcome login\ Haproxy stats auth admin:123456 stats hide-version stats admin if TRUE listen kube-master bind 0.0.0.0:8443 mode tcp option tcplog balance source server 172.27.129.105 172.27.129.105:6443 check inter 2000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1 server 172.27.129.111 172.27.129.111:6443 check inter 2000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1 server 172.27.129.112 172.27.129.112:6443 check inter 2000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1 EOF
- haproxy 在 10080 端口输出 status 信息;
- haproxy 监听所有接口的 8443 端口,该端口与环境变量 ${KUBE_APISERVER} 指定的端口必须一致;
- server 字段列出所有 kube-apiserver 监听的 IP 和端口;
下发 haproxy.cfg 到所有 master 节点:
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" scp haproxy.cfg root@${node_ip}:/etc/haproxy done
起 haproxy 服务
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl restart haproxy" done
检查 haproxy 服务状态
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status haproxy|grep Active" done
确保状态为 active (running)
,否则查看日志,确认原因:
journalctl -u haproxy
检查 haproxy 是否监听 8443 端口:
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh root@${node_ip} "netstat -lnpt|grep haproxy" done
确保输出类似于:
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 120583/haproxy
配置和下发 keepalived 配置文件
keepalived 是一主(master)多备(backup)运行模式,故有两种类型的配置文件。master 配置文件只有一份,backup 配置文件视节点数目而定,对于本文档而言,规划如下:
- master: 172.27.129.105
- backup:172.27.129.111、172.27.129.112
master 配置文件:
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
cat > keepalived-master.conf <<EOF
global_defs { router_id lb-master-105 } vrrp_script check-haproxy { script "killall -0 haproxy" interval 5 weight -30 } vrrp_instance VI-kube-master { state MASTER priority 120 dont_track_primary interface ${VIP_IF} virtual_router_id 68 advert_int 3 track_script { check-haproxy } virtual_ipaddress { ${MASTER_VIP} } } EOF
- VIP 所在的接口(interface ${VIP_IF})为
eth0
; - 使用
killall -0 haproxy
命令检查所在节点的 haproxy 进程是否正常。如果异常则将权重减少(-30),从而触发重新选主过程; - router_id、virtual_router_id 用于标识属于该 HA 的 keepalived 实例,如果有多套 keepalived HA,则必须各不相同;
backup 配置文件:
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
cat > keepalived-backup.conf <<EOF
global_defs { router_id lb-backup-105 } vrrp_script check-haproxy { script "killall -0 haproxy" interval 5 weight -30 } vrrp_instance VI-kube-master { state BACKUP priority 110 dont_track_primary interface ${VIP_IF} virtual_router_id 68 advert_int 3 track_script { check-haproxy } virtual_ipaddress { ${MASTER_VIP} } } EOF
- VIP 所在的接口(interface ${VIP_IF})为
eth0
; - 使用
killall -0 haproxy
命令检查所在节点的 haproxy 进程是否正常。如果异常则将权重减少(-30),从而触发重新选主过程; - router_id、virtual_router_id 用于标识属于该 HA 的 keepalived 实例,如果有多套 keepalived HA,则必须各不相同;
- priority 的值必须小于 master 的值;
下发 keepalived 配置文件
下发 master 配置文件:
scp keepalived-master.conf [email protected]:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
下发 backup 配置文件:
scp keepalived-backup.conf [email protected]:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
scp keepalived-backup.conf [email protected]:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
起 keepalived 服务
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl restart keepalived" done
检查 keepalived 服务
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status keepalived|grep Active" done
确保状态为 active (running)
,否则查看日志,确认原因:
journalctl -u keepalived
查看 VIP 所在的节点,确保可以 ping 通 VIP:
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do echo ">>> ${node_ip}" ssh ${node_ip} "/usr/sbin/ip addr show ${VIP_IF}" ssh ${node_ip} "ping -c 1 ${MASTER_VIP}" done
查看 haproxy 状态页面
浏览器访问 ${MASTER_VIP}:10080/status 地址,查看 haproxy 状态页面: