android 7.1startActivity()源码解析
android 7.1 startActivity()源码解析
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/zhangcanyan/article/details/82981901
研究startActivity()源码的目的：
- 通过何种方式生成一个新的Activity类的，是通过java反射生成的吗？
- Activity的生命周期回调方法是通过哪个类调用的，在什么时候调用的？
- 界面的绘制是在执行Activity#onResume()之后还是之前？
- 在之前的学习中，我了解到应用程序的真正入口是ActivityThread类，那么 ActivityThread#main()方法是在哪里调用的？
首先我们先看一下startActivity()的大致流程
startActivity(new Intent());
//点击跳转到acitivity源码中
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
this.startActivity(intent, null);
}
...
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
if (options != null) {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with
// applications that may have overridden the method.
startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
}
}
...
//最终调用startActivityForResult()方法
public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode,
@Nullable Bundle options) {
if (mParent == null) {
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
//Instrumentation 翻译（仪器）这里认为是管家类，调用execStartActivity(继续往下跟
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
intent, requestCode, options);
if (ar != null) {
mMainThread.sendActivityResult(
mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(),
ar.getResultData());
}
if (requestCode >= 0) {
// If this start is requesting a result, we can avoid making
// the activity visible until the result is received. Setting
// this code during onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) or onResume() will keep the
// activity hidden during this time, to avoid flickering.
// This can only be done when a result is requested because
// that guarantees we will get information back when the
// activity is finished, no matter what happens to it.
mStartedActivity = true;
}
cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
// TODO Consider clearing/flushing other event sources and events for child windows.
} else {
if (options != null) {
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this method for compatibility with
// existing applications that may have overridden it.
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode);
}
}
}
/**Instrumentation类相当于一个管家，它的职责是管理各个应用程序和系统的交互，Instrumentation将在任何应用程序运行前初始化，每个进程只会存在一个Instrumentation对象，且每个Activity都有此对象的实际引用，可以通过它监测系统与应用程序之间的所有交互。
**/
//Instrumentation类中调用方法
public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
Uri referrer = target != null ? target.onProvideReferrer() : null;
if (referrer != null) {
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, referrer);
}
if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
synchronized (mSync) {
final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
am.mHits++;
if (am.isBlocking()) {
return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
//ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()=ActivityManagerProxy 重点：1
int result = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
requestCode, 0, null, options);
checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
}
return null;
}
重点：1
这里的ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()其实是ActivityManagerProxy代理类，通过调用ActivityManagerProxy.startActivity()完成客户端向服务端的binder进程间通信。
IActivityManager:定义的aidl，start Activity()是其中的一个方法。文件ActivityManagerNative是服务端对aidl文件的实现类
ActivityManagerProxy是客户端的代理类实现了IActivityManager接口，通过重写startActivity()方法并调用mRemote.transact()方法与服务端进行binder通信。
ActivityManagerService是ActivityManagerNative的子类
在ActivityManagerService中进行一系列操作之后会调用ApplicationThreadProxy代理类通过binder的方式发送scheduleLaunchActivity()命令与客户端进行通信.ApplicationThred类接收消息
//Activitythread的内部类
private class ApplicationThread extends ApplicationThreadNative {
// we use token to identify this activity without having to send the
// activity itself back to the activity manager. (matters more with ipc)
@Override
public final void scheduleLaunchActivity(Intent intent, IBinder token, int ident,
ActivityInfo info, Configuration curConfig, Configuration overrideConfig,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, String referrer, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
int procState, Bundle state, PersistableBundle persistentState,
List pendingResults, List pendingNewIntents,
boolean notResumed, boolean isForward, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo) {
updateProcessState(procState, false);
ActivityClientRecord r = new ActivityClientRecord();
r.token = token;
r.ident = ident;
r.intent = intent;
r.referrer = referrer;
r.voiceInteractor = voiceInteractor;
r.activityInfo = info;
r.compatInfo = compatInfo;
r.state = state;
r.persistentState = persistentState;
r.pendingResults = pendingResults;
r.pendingIntents = pendingNewIntents;
r.startsNotResumed = notResumed;
r.isForward = isForward;
r.profilerInfo = profilerInfo;
r.overrideConfig = overrideConfig;
updatePendingConfiguration(curConfig);
//将收到的消息通过handler发送到ActivityThread类中
sendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY, r);
}
//ActivityThread接收到handler消息后执行handleLaunchActivity()方法
switch (msg.what) {
case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStart");
final ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord) msg.obj;
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo);
handleLaunchActivity(r, null, "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY");
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break;
private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent, String reason) {
...
//执行performLaunchActivity()方法
Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
...
handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
!r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed, r.lastProcessedSeq, reason);
...
}
private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
// System.out.println("##### [" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "] ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(" + r + ")");
ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo;
if (r.packageInfo == null) {
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo,
Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);
}
ComponentName component = r.intent.getComponent();
if (component == null) {
component = r.intent.resolveActivity(
mInitialApplication.getPackageManager());
r.intent.setComponent(component);
}
if (r.activityInfo.targetActivity != null) {
component = new ComponentName(r.activityInfo.packageName,
r.activityInfo.targetActivity);
}
Activity activity = null;
try {
//这里通过反射的方式创建我们需要跳转的activity页面.(问题一)
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
if (r.state != null) {
r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
try {
Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);
if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Performing launch of " + r);
if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, r + ": app=" + app
+ ", appName=" + app.getPackageName()
+ ", pkg=" + r.packageInfo.getPackageName()
+ ", comp=" + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()
+ ", dir=" + r.packageInfo.getAppDir());
if (activity != null) {
Context appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r, activity);
CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration);
if (r.overrideConfig != null) {
config.updateFrom(r.overrideConfig);
}
if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Launching activity "
+ r.activityInfo.name + " with config " + config);
Window window = null;
if (r.mPendingRemoveWindow != null && r.mPreserveWindow) {
window = r.mPendingRemoveWindow;
r.mPendingRemoveWindow = null;
r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = null;
}
//与context进行绑定
activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window);
if (customIntent != null) {
activity.mIntent = customIntent;
}
r.lastNonConfigurationInstances = null;
activity.mStartedActivity = false;
int theme = r.activityInfo.getThemeResource();
if (theme != 0) {
activity.setTheme(theme);
}
activity.mCalled = false;
//
if (r.isPersistable()) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state, r.persistentState);
} else {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);
}
...
return activity;
}
//Instrumentation类中的方法
public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle,
PersistableBundle persistentState) {
prePerformCreate(activity);
activity.performCreate(icicle, persistentState);
postPerformCreate(activity);
}
//Activity中performCreate()方法调用了activity的onCreate()方法，至此新的activity创建成功
final void performCreate(Bundle icicle) {
restoreHasCurrentPermissionRequest(icicle);
onCreate(icicle);
mActivityTransitionState.readState(icicle);
performCreateCommon();
}
问题二：Activity的生命周期方法是通过Instrumentation类调用callActivityOnXXX方法最终调用Activity的onCreate等方法，调用时机为ActivityThread#performLaunchActivitiy()方法中。
ActivityThread#performResumeActivity()
–> Activity#performResume()
–> Instrumentation#callActivityOnResume()
–> Activity#onResume()
final void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token,
boolean clearHide, boolean isForward, boolean reallyResume, int seq, String reason) {
...
r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide, reason);
if (r != null) {
...
if (a.mVisibleFromClient && !a.mWindowAdded) {
a.mWindowAdded = true;
wm.addView(decor, l);
}
...
}
另外，观察执行handleResumeActivity()之后的代码，会发现程序会开始获取DecorView，执行addView()方法，里面最终会调用到ViewRootImpl#performTraversals()，即开始绘制view界面！
addview到绘制页面的具体源码关系:
wm.addView(decor, l) -->WindowManagerImpl.addView()–>WindowManagerGlobal.addView()–>ViewRootImpl.setView()–>ViewRootImpl.requestLayout()–>ViewRootImpl.scheduleTraversals()–>ViewRootImpl的runnable–>ViewRootImpl.doTraversal()–>ViewRootImpl.performTraversals()–>ViewRootImpl.performDraw().
问题三：界面的绘制是在执行Activity#onResume()之后！
由于onCreate会先于handleResumeActivity执行，我们在onCreate中调用了setContentView，也只是生成DecorView并给这个DecorView的内容设置了布局而已，此时还并没有把这个DecorView添加到Window中，同样，WMS中也还没有这个Window，所以此时并不能做任何事情（绘制、接收点击事件等），虽然调用了requestLayout和invalidate，并不会真正触发布局和重绘（因为还没有与ViewRootImpl进行绑定）
Activity与Window产生联系，是在调用activity#attach方法中，生成了一个PhoneWindow，并把这个activity对象自身，设置给了Window的Callback回调（Activity实现了Window的Callback接口）
Window与WindowManagerService产生联系，是在handleResumeActivity中，先执行了onResume方法，通过调用WindowManagerImpl#addView方法将这个Activity对应的DecorView添加到了这个Window中，addView方法是一个IPC操作，将这个Window也添加到了WindowManagerService中；
ViewRootImpl与Window产生联系，是在WindowManagerImpl#addView方法中，这个过程中会new一个ViewRootImpl与DecorView相对应，保存在WindowManagerGloable中；
总的来说，就是setContentView生成了DecorView及其视图，在onResume之后才把这个视图添加进了Window和WMS中，具备了交互能力；
问题四：
ActivityThread的main方法是在生成一个新的app进程过程中调用的（例如点击桌面图标启动一个程序），具体是通过与Zygote通信，之后通过RuntimeInit类采用反射的方式调用ActivityThread#main()方法，即生成app中的主线程（UI线程）！