ElasticSearchd的java客户端操作

ElasticSearch的java客户端操作

一、创建索引库:

1.创建一个java工程。
2.添加jar包,即添加maven的坐标。
3.编写测试方法实现创建索引库。
* 创建一个Setting对象,相当于是一个配置信息,主要是配置集群的信息。
* 创建一个客户端Client对象。
* 使用client对对象创建一个索引库。
* 关闭client对象。

1.1 创建工程,导入坐标

pom.xml坐标

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.elasticsearchgroupId>
        <artifactId>elasticsearchartifactId>
        <version>5.6.8version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.elasticsearch.clientgroupId>
        <artifactId>transportartifactId>
        <version>5.6.8version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4jgroupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-to-slf4jartifactId>
        <version>2.9.1version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
        <version>1.7.24version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-simpleartifactId>
        <version>1.7.21version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4jgroupId>
        <artifactId>log4jartifactId>
        <version>1.2.12version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junitgroupId>
        <artifactId>junitartifactId>
        <version>4.12version>
    dependency>
dependencies>

1.2创建索引库代码实现

 @Test
    public void creatIndex() throws Exception{

        //创建一个Setting对象,相当于是一个配置信息,主要是配置集群的信息。
        Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                .put("cluster.name","my‐elasticsearch")
                .build();
        //创建一个客户端Client对象。
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
        client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
        client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
        //使用client对对象创建一个索引库。
        client.admin().indices().prepareCreate("index_hello").get();
        //关闭client对象。
        client.close();
    }
}

二、为索引库设置mappin映射

2.1步骤分析

  • 创建一个setting对象
  • 创建一个client对象
  • 创建一个mapping信息,应该是一个json数据,可以是字符串,也可以是XContextBuilder对象
  • 使用cilent对象向es服务器发送mapping信息
  • 关闭client

2.2 代码实现

 @Test
    public void setMappigns() throws Exception {
        //创建一个Setting对象,相当于是一个配置信息,主要是配置集群的信息。
        Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                .put("cluster.name","my‐elasticsearch")
                .build();
        //创建一个客户端Client对象。
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
        client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
        client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
        //创建一个mappings信息
        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .startObject("article")
                .startObject("properties")
                .startObject("id")
                .field("type","long")
                .field("store",true)
                .endObject()
                .startObject("title")
                .field("type","text")
                .field("store",true)
                .field("analyzer","ik_max_word")
                .endObject()
                .startObject("content")
                .field("type","text")
                .field("store",true)
                .field("analyzer","ik_max_word")
                .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject();

        //使用客户端将mapping信息设置到索引库中
        client.admin().indices()
                //设置坐映射的索引
                .preparePutMapping("index_hello")
                //设置做映射的type
                .setType("article")
                //Mapping信息,可以是XcontentBuilder对象也可以是json对象
                 .setSource(builder)
                //执行操作
                .get();
        //关闭连接
        client.close();
    }

三、向索引库添加文档

3.1 步骤分析

  • 创建一个Setttings对象
  • 创建一个client对象
  • 创建一个文档对象,创建一个json格式的字符串,或者使用XcontentBuilder
  • 使用Client对象把文档添加到索引库中
  • 关闭client

3.2 代码实现

@Test
//创建文档(通过XContentBuilder)
public void test4() throws Exception{
    // 创建Client连接对象
    Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
    TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

    //创建文档信息
    XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
        .startObject()
        .field("id", 1)
        .field("title", "ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器")
        .field("content",
               "它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java开发的,并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布,是当前流行的企业级搜索引擎。设计用于云计算中,能够达到实时搜索,稳定,可靠,快速,安装使用方便。")
        .endObject();

    // 建立文档对象
    /**
         * 参数一blog1:表示索引对象
         * 参数二article:类型
         * 参数三1:建立id
         */
    client.prepareIndex("blog2", "article", "1").setSource(builder).get();

    //释放资源
    client.close();
}

四 添加文档的另一种方式

4.1创建Article实体

public class Article {
	private Integer id;
	private String title;
	private String content;
    getter/setter...
}

4.2添加jackson坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-coreartifactId>
    <version>2.8.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
    <version>2.8.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-annotationsartifactId>
    <version>2.8.1version>
dependency>

4.3代码实现

@Test
//创建文档(通过实体转json)
public void test5() throws Exception{
    // 创建Client连接对象
    Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
    TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

    // 描述json 数据
    //{id:xxx, title:xxx, content:xxx}
    Article article = new Article();
    article.setId(2);
    article.setTitle("搜索工作其实很快乐");
    article.setContent("我们希望我们的搜索解决方案要快,我们希望有一个零配置和一个完全免费的搜索模式,我们希望能够简单地使用JSON通过HTTP的索引数据,我们希望我们的搜索服务器始终可用,我们希望能够一台开始并扩展到数百,我们要实时搜索,我们要简单的多租户,我们希望建立一个云的解决方案。Elasticsearch旨在解决所有这些问题和更多的问题。");

    ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

    // 建立文档
    client.prepareIndex("blog2", "article", article.getId().toString())
        //.setSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article)).get();
        .setSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article).getBytes(), XContentType.JSON).get();

    //释放资源
    client.close();
}

五、查询文档

5.1 关键词查询

@Test
public void testTermQuery() throws Exception{
    //1、创建es客户端连接对象
    Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
    TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

    //2、设置搜索条件
    SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog2")
        .setTypes("article")
        .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("content", "搜索")).get();

    //3、遍历搜索结果数据
    SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
    System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
    Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
    while (iterator.hasNext()) {
        SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象
        System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印
        System.out.println("title:" + searchHit.getSource().get("title"));
    }

    //4、释放资源
    client.close();

5.2 字符串查询

@Test
public void testStringQuery() throws Exception{
    //1、创建es客户端连接对象
    Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
    TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

    //2、设置搜索条件
    SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog2")
        .setTypes("article")
        .setQuery(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("搜索")).get();

    //3、遍历搜索结果数据
    SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
    System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
    Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
    while (iterator.hasNext()) {
        SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象
        System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印
        System.out.println("title:" + searchHit.getSource().get("title"));
    }

    //4、释放资源
    client.close();

}

5.3 使用文档id查询文档

@Test
    public void testIdQuery() throws Exception {
        //client对象为TransportClient对象
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("blog1")
                .setTypes("article")
                //设置要查询的id
                .setQuery(QueryBuilders.idsQuery().addIds("test002"))
                //执行查询
                .get();
        //取查询结果
        SearchHits searchHits = response.getHits();
        //取查询结果总记录数
        System.out.println(searchHits.getTotalHits());
        Iterator<SearchHit> hitIterator = searchHits.iterator();
        while(hitIterator.hasNext()) {
            SearchHit searchHit = hitIterator.next();
            //打印整行数据
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }
    }

5.4查询文档分页操作

5.4.1 批量插入数据
@Test
//批量插入100条数据
public void test9() throws Exception{
    	// 创建Client连接对象
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
                .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

        for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
            // 描述json 数据
            Article article = new Article();
            article.setId(i);
            article.setTitle(i + "搜索工作其实很快乐");
            article.setContent(i
                    + "我们希望我们的搜索解决方案要快,我们希望有一个零配置和一个完全免费的搜索模式,我们希望能够简单地使用JSON通过HTTP的索引数据,我们希望我们的搜索服务器始终可用,我们希望能够一台开始并扩展到数百,我们要实时搜索,我们要简单的多租户,我们希望建立一个云的解决方案。Elasticsearch旨在解决所有这些问题和更多的问题。");

            // 建立文档
            client.prepareIndex("blog2", "article", article.getId().toString())
                    //.setSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article)).get();
                    .setSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article).getBytes(),XContentType.JSON).get();
        }

        //释放资源
        client.close();
}
5.4.2 分页查询
@Test
//分页查询
public void test10() throws Exception{
    // 创建Client连接对象
    Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
    TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

    // 搜索数据
    SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder = client.prepareSearch("blog2").setTypes("article")
        .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//默认每页10条记录

    // 查询第2页数据,每页20条
    //setFrom():从第几条开始检索,默认是0。
    //setSize():每页最多显示的记录数。
    searchRequestBuilder.setFrom(0).setSize(5);
    SearchResponse searchResponse = searchRequestBuilder.get();

    SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
    System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
    Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
    while (iterator.hasNext()) {
        SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象
        System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印
        System.out.println("id:" + searchHit.getSource().get("id"));
        System.out.println("title:" + searchHit.getSource().get("title"));
        System.out.println("content:" + searchHit.getSource().get("content"));
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");
    }

    //释放资源
    client.close();
}

六、查询结果高亮显示

@Test
//高亮查询
public void test11() throws Exception{
    // 创建Client连接对象
    Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-elasticsearch").build();
    TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings)
        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

    // 搜索数据
    SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder = client
        .prepareSearch("blog2").setTypes("article")
        .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "搜索"));

    //设置高亮数据
    HighlightBuilder hiBuilder=new HighlightBuilder();
    hiBuilder.preTags("");
    hiBuilder.postTags("");
    hiBuilder.field("title");
    searchRequestBuilder.highlighter(hiBuilder);

    //获得查询结果数据
    SearchResponse searchResponse = searchRequestBuilder.get();

    //获取查询结果集
    SearchHits searchHits = searchResponse.getHits();
    System.out.println("共搜到:"+searchHits.getTotalHits()+"条结果!");
    //遍历结果
    for(SearchHit hit:searchHits){
        System.out.println("String方式打印文档搜索内容:");
        System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
        System.out.println("Map方式打印高亮内容");
        System.out.println(hit.getHighlightFields());

        System.out.println("遍历高亮集合,打印高亮片段:");
        Text[] text = hit.getHighlightFields().get("title").getFragments();
        for (Text str : text) {
            System.out.println(str);
        }
    }

    //释放资源
    client.close();
}

你可能感兴趣的:(java,ElasticSearch)