跨域资源共享(CORS)问题解决

今天在部署项目的时候遇到一个小问题,把项目扔在A服务器的tomcat上的时候,数据库在B服务器上。用客户端访问A服务器web项目的时候,使用ajax从数据库中读出的数据会提示【需要跨域资源共享(CORS)】。 于是乎,总结一下。


CORS:Cross-Origin Resource Sharing(跨域资源共享)

CORS被浏览器支持的版本情况如下:Chrome 3+、IE 8+、Firefox 3.5+、Opera 12+、Safari 4+

问题描述:A域中的脚本请求B域中的资源出现这种问题

报错信息:
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://localhost:8082/servletdemo/doTest. No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. 
Origin 'http://localhost:8080' is therefore not allowed access.

问题分析:

两个不同的域之间发送请求,浏览器出于安全因素考虑,所以不允许这种访问。
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) is a specification that enables truly open access across domain-boundaries. If you serve public content,please consider using CORS to open it up for universal JavaScript/browser access.Granting JavaScript clients basic access to your resources simply requires adding one HTTP Response Header, namely:
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://example.com:8080/


问题解决:
以下提供几种解决方法,根据实际情况选择

一、容器层面,影响范围是容器下的所有webapp应用 in tomcat/conf/web.xml ex:


      CorsFilter
  org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter


  CorsFilter
  /*

PS:这个过滤器只针对apache-tomcat-7.0.41及以上版本。

二、单个应用,只作用于这个项目本身 in webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml


  CorsFilter
  org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter


  CorsFilter
  /*

三、一组资源层面,作用于指定Filter过滤的全部请求资源 Filter方法代码 ex:
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
  HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
  HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response;
  res.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
  res.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST, OPTIONS");
  res.addHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Origin, No-Cache, X-Requested-With, If-Modified-Since, Pragma, Last-Modified, Cache-Control, Expires,   Content-Type, X-E4M-With");
  chain.doFilter(req, res);
}

四、单个资源层面,只针对某一个资源 Servlet方法代码 ex:
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin","*");
  PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
  out.write("{/"key/":/"value/"}");
  out.flush();
  out.close();
}
其中spring framework在4.2及以上支持cors注解,可参考https://spring.io/blog/2015/06/08/cors-support-in-spring-framework;
另一种https://spring.io/guides/gs/rest-service-cors/


五、针对单兵开发,我们原型maven-Archetype-wepapp提供两种支持 tomcat7-maven-plugin

  org.apache.tomcat.maven
  tomcat7-maven-plugin
  2.2
  
    /servletdemo
    8082
    tomcat
    http://localhost:8080/manager/text
  
  src/test/resources/tomcat.web.xml
  

jetty-maven-plugin


  org.eclipse.jetty
  jetty-maven-plugin
  9.3.2.v20150730
  
    10
  
    /servletdemo
    
    src/test/resources/jetty.web.xml
  
  
    
    8082
  
  


  org.eclipse.jetty
  jetty-servlets
  9.3.2.v20150730
  




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