再来谈谈HashMap中的entrySet

HashMap,可能是java中应用较多的Collection之一,之前大概看过一次其中的原理,无非就是先用key的hashcode查找桶,然后用equals比较具体的对象。但是最近在遍历HashMap的时候,发现有个entrySet(),仔细看了源码之后才发现其中的奥秘(当然keySet和ValueSet也是类似的原理,之前还以为keySet是HashMap中的一个副本,囧)

在说EntrySet之前,先看看HashMap的另外一个内部类


 private abstract class HashIterator implements Iterator {
        Entry next;        // next entry to return
        int expectedModCount;   // For fast-fail
        int index;              // current slot
        Entry current;     // current entry

        HashIterator() {
            expectedModCount = modCount;
            if (size > 0) { // advance to first entry
                Entry[] t = table;
                while (index < t.length && (next = t[index++]) == null)
                    ;
            }
        }

        public final boolean hasNext() {
            return next != null;
        }

        final Entry nextEntry() {
            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
            Entry e = next;
            if (e == null)
                throw new NoSuchElementException();

            if ((next = e.next) == null) {
                Entry[] t = table;
                while (index < t.length && (next = t[index++]) == null)
                    ;
            }
            current = e;
            return e;
        }

        public void remove() {
            if (current == null)
                throw new IllegalStateException();
            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
            Object k = current.key;
            current = null;
            HashMap.this.removeEntryForKey(k);
            expectedModCount = modCount;
        }
    }
由于这个方法没有next,所以还是一个抽象类,然后具体用子类实现,比如EntrySet需要用EntryIterator,只要实现next()方法就可以了。对应的KeyIteraror和ValueInteraror也是类似


 private final class EntryIterator extends HashIterator> {
        public Map.Entry next() {
            return nextEntry();
        }
    }
private final class ValueIterator extends HashIterator {
        public V next() {
            return nextEntry().value;
        }
    }

    private final class KeyIterator extends HashIterator {
        public K next() {
            return nextEntry().getKey();
        }
    }

好了,为什么需要用到这些iterator呢? 其实就是后面EntrySet用来的,具体的作用了,就是用iterator来搭起HashMap中具体的entry和entrySet中的桥梁

    private final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet> {
        public Iterator> iterator() {
            return newEntryIterator();
        }
        public boolean contains(Object o) {
            if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
                return false;
            Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry) o;
            Entry candidate = getEntry(e.getKey());
            return candidate != null && candidate.equals(e);
        }
        public boolean remove(Object o) {
            return removeMapping(o) != null;
        }
        public int size() {
            return size;
        }
        public void clear() {
            HashMap.this.clear();
        }
    }

这样,对于entrySet的remove方法会体现在HashMap中entry数组(也就是 removeMapping()方法),对entrySet中的clear方法也会影响到HashMap中。(以上情况反之亦然)

注意:1、但是entrySet没有实现add方法,

2、clear方法中 HashMap.this.clear() 是调用HashMap对象中的clear



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