Python3读写CSV文件

CSV模块提供的常见函数有:

1.csv.write(csvfiledialect='excel'**fmtparams) 返回一个writer对象。

2.csv.readercsvfiledialect ='excel'** fmtparams )返回一个reader对象。

 3.class csv.DictWriterffieldnamesrestval =''extrasaction ='raise'dialect ='excel'* args** kwds 

创建一个像常规编写器一样操作的对象(操作字典)。

4.class csv.DictReaderffieldnames = Nonerestkey = Nonerestval = Nonedialect ='excel'* args** kwds 

创建一个像常规阅读器一样操作的对象(操作字典)。

  5.csvfile.writeheader()为CSV文件添加第一行标题,只有在操作字典对象才有。

import csv

with open('test.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
    writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
    writer.writerow(['张三','李四'])

执行该代码效果如下

Python3读写CSV文件_第1张图片 

 open文件的时候加newline=''是为了消除空行。官方解释如下:If newline='' is not specified, newlines embedded inside quoted fields will not be interpreted correctly, and on platforms that use \r\n linendings on write an extra \r will be added. It should always be safe to specifynewline='', since the csv module does its own (universal) newline handling.如果不带newline=‘’,你会发现也能写入结果,但是每行内容之间总是会多出一个空行。

操作字典的情况如下:

import csv

headers = ['张三', '李四']
with open('test.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, headers)
    writer.writeheader()
    writer.writerow({'张三':17,'李四':18})
    writer.writerow({'张三':19,'李四':20})

Python3读写CSV文件_第2张图片

 当然,你也可以遍历字典去写入:

import csv

headers = ['姓名', '语文', '数学', '英语', '理综']
data = {"张三":{"语文":119,"数学":120, "英语":121, "理综":122},\
        "李四":{"语文":123,"数学":124, "英语":125, "理综":126}}
with open('test.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, headers)
    writer.writeheader()
    for r in data:
        print(r,type(r),data[r]["语文"])
        writer.writerow({"姓名":r,"语文":data[r]["语文"], "数学":data[r]["数学"], "英语":data[r]["英语"],"理综":data[r]["理综"]})

Python3读写CSV文件_第3张图片

 

你可能感兴趣的:(Python,CSV)