RabbitMQ入门（五）RabbitMQ交换器之Topic
前言
本章讲解RabbitMQ的交换器之Topic
方法
1.概念
topic（主题，规则匹配），该类型交换器主要根据路由键进行模糊匹配
需求：在我们的普通订单和VIP订单的业务逻辑中，会产生相关的日志。我们知道，日志是分级别的，这里我们仅仅采集INFO、ERROR级别的日志。如果按照Direct交换器的处理规则，我们需要创建四个队列来处理，即普通订单的INFO日志、普通订单的ERROR日志、VIP订单的INFO日志、VIP订单的ERROR日志，这里我们认为没有必要，完全可以分为两类，即INFO日志和ERROR日志的队列分别的进行处理。由此，我们将使用模糊匹配的规则，即Topic交换器
2.环境搭建
1）创建Provider和Consumer工程
2）修改pom文件
4.0.0
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.1.7.RELEASE
cn.edu.ccut
rabbitmq-topic-provider
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
1.8
3.1.0
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-amqp
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-devtools
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
cn.edu.ccut.App
3）修改application.properties
Provider：
spring.application.name=springboot-rabbitmq
#rabbitmq config
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.1.108
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=jwang
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456
#exchange config
mq.config.exchange=log.topicConsumer：
spring.application.name=springboot-rabbitmq
#rabbitmq config
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.1.108
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=jwang
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456
#exchange config
mq.config.exchange=log.topic
mq.config.queue.info=log.info
mq.config.queue.error=log.error2.编写Provider
创建两个Provider类，GeneralProvider和VipProvider
GeneralProvider:
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class GeneralProvider {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${mq.config.exchange}")
private String exchange;
public void sendMsg(String msg){
//发送普通订单的日志消息
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange, "general.log.info", "general...info..."+msg);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange, "general.log.error", "general...error..."+msg);
}
}
VipProvider:
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class VipProvider {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${mq.config.exchange}")
private String exchange;
public void sendMsg(String msg){
//发送普通订单的日志消息
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange, "vip.log.info", "vip...info..."+msg);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange, "vip.log.error", "vip...error..."+msg);
}
}
3.编写Consumer代码
创建两个Consumer类，ErrorConsumer和InfoConsumer来分别处理两个级别的日志
ErrorConsumer：
路由键采用的是模糊匹配的方式：*.log.error
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@RabbitListener(bindings=
@QueueBinding(
value=@Queue(name="${mq.config.queue.error}",autoDelete="true"),
exchange=@Exchange(name="${mq.config.exchange}",type=ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key="*.log.error"
)
)
public class ErrorConsumer {
@RabbitHandler
public void receiveMsg(String msg){
System.out.println("Vip Message is "+msg);
}
}
InfoConsumer：
路由键采用的是模糊匹配的方式：*.log.info
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@RabbitListener(bindings=
@QueueBinding(
value=@Queue(name="${mq.config.queue.info}",autoDelete="true"),
exchange=@Exchange(name="${mq.config.exchange}",type=ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key="*.log.info"
)
)
public class InfoConsumer {
@RabbitHandler
public void receiveMsg(String msg){
System.out.println("Info Message is "+msg);
}
}
4.编写测试类进行测试
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=App.class)
public class RabbitMQTest {
@Autowired
private GeneralProvider generalProvider;
@Autowired
private VipProvider vipProvider;
@Test
public void testSendMsg() throws Exception{
generalProvider.sendMsg("general message !");
vipProvider.sendMsg("vip message !");
}
}
启动Consumer，然后运行Provider测试代码，我们会在控制台发现如下结果：
这说明，我们的测试完全的成功。