centos安装vnc

安装环境：
vnc服务端：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

vnc客户端： win7-64

1、安装VNC

[root@localhost ~]# yum install tigervnc-server tigervnc -y

2、配置vncservers文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/vncservers

# The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.
#
# Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2
# as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own).  You will also
# need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how
# to do that.  
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, see this URL:
# https://access.redhat.com/knowledge/solutions/7027

# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.

# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.


VNCSERVERS="1:root 2:lqs2"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry  1024x768 -nolisten tcp"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry  1024x768 -nolisten tcp"

~                                                       

VNCSERVERS 是用来设定可以使用VNC的服务器账号，可以设定多个，例如上面root、lqs2，但是中间要用空格隔开。使用VNCVIEWER登录时，192.168.255.130:1表示是以root账号登录，以此类推。

关于参数配置说明：

1：-geometry 表示桌面分辨率，默认为1024x768，所以上面的1024x768也可以不写。

2：-nohttpd 表示不监听HTTP端口（58xx）。

3：-nolisten tcp 表示不监听TCP端口（60xx）

4：-localhost 只运行从本机访问。

5：AlwaysShared 默认只允许一个VNCVIEWER连接，此参数表示同一个显示端口允许多用户同时登录.

6：-depth 表示色深，参数有8,16,24,32.

7: SecurityTypes None 登录不需要密码认证VncAuth默认值,要密码认证。

3、设置VNC用户密码

如果此时不设置VNC用户密码，启动vncserver服务，则会报如下错误：

[root@localhost ~]# service vncserver start
Starting VNC server: 1:root 
You will require a password to access your desktops.

getpassword error: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Password:2:lqs2 
You will require a password to access your desktops.

getpassword error: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Password:                                                  [FAILED]

设置密码

[root@localhost ~]# vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[root@localhost ~]# su lqs2
[lqs2@localhost root]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:

4、启动vncserver服务

[lqs2@localhost root]$ su
Password: 

[root@localhost ~]# vncserver 
[root@localhost .vnc]# ls
localhost.localdomain:3.log  localhost.localdomain:3.pid  passwd  xstartup

VNC会在用户根目录($HOME)下的".vnc"文件夹下生成一系列文件。其中passwd为vnc用户密码文件，由vncpasswd生成。其他的都由vnc初次启动时生成，xstartup为VNC客户端连接时启动的脚本

5、配置xstartup文件
只需修改最后一行

[root@localhost .vnc]# vim xstartup 
#!/bin/sh

[ -r /etc/sysconfig/i18n ] && . /etc/sysconfig/i18n
export LANG
export SYSFONT
vncconfig -iconic &
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
OS=`uname -s`
if [ $OS = 'Linux' ]; then
  case "$WINDOWMANAGER" in
    *gnome*)
      if [ -e /etc/SuSE-release ]; then
        PATH=$PATH:/opt/gnome/bin
        export PATH
      fi
      ;;
  esac
fi
if [ -x /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
  exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
fi
if [ -f /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
      exec sh /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
fi
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
gnome-session &
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切换到用户lqs2，并修改

[root@localhost .vnc]# su lqs2
[lqs2@localhost .vnc]$ 
[lqs2@localhost .vnc]$ vim /home/lqs2/.vnc/xstartup 
export SYSFONT
vncconfig -iconic &
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
OS=`uname -s`
if [ $OS = 'Linux' ]; then
  case "$WINDOWMANAGER" in
    *gnome*)
      if [ -e /etc/SuSE-release ]; then
        PATH=$PATH:/opt/gnome/bin
        export PATH
      fi
      ;;
  esac
fi
if [ -x /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
  exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
fi
if [ -f /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
  exec sh /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
fi
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
gnome-session &

启动vnc-server

[root@localhost .vnc]# service vncserver restart
Shutting down VNC server: 1:root 2:lqs2                    [  OK  ]
Starting VNC server: 1:root 
Warning: localhost.localdomain:1 is taken because of /tmp/.X1-lock
Remove this file if there is no X server localhost.localdomain:1
A VNC server is already running as :1
2:lqs2 
New 'localhost.localdomain:2 (lqs2)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:2

Starting applications specified in /home/lqs2/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/lqs2/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:2.log

                                                           [  OK  ]

6、配置防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5901 -j ACCEPT
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5902 -j ACCEPT

关于VNC服务使用的端口号与桌面号相关，VNC使用TCP端口从5900开始，对应关系如下
桌面号为“1” ---- 端口号为5901
桌面号为“2” ---- 端口号为5902
桌面号为“3” ---- 端口号为5903
……
基于Java的VNC客户程序Web服务TCP端口从5800开始，也是与桌面号相关，对应关系如下
桌面号为“1” ---- 端口号为5801
桌面号为“2” ---- 端口号为5802
桌面号为“3” ---- 端口号为5803

开机自启动vncserver

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig vncserver on

win7下载vnc viewer，连接访问
[参考资料]：
http://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/p/3315793.html
http://www.ha97.com/4634.html

​
[root@localhost .vnc]# vim xstartup 
#!/bin/sh

[ -r /etc/sysconfig/i18n ] && . /etc/sysconfig/i18n
export LANG
export SYSFONT
vncconfig -iconic &
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
OS=`uname -s`
if [ $OS = 'Linux' ]; then
  case "$WINDOWMANAGER" in
    *gnome*)
      if [ -e /etc/SuSE-release ]; then
        PATH=$PATH:/opt/gnome/bin
        export PATH
      fi
      ;;
  esac
fi
if [ -x /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
  exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
fi
if [ -f /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
      exec sh /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
fi
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
gnome-session &
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