Mysql主主复制高可用解决方案

前言

最近做一个项目,项目考虑了一些风险,其中就有mysql宕机的风险,mysql是申请了两台服务器。于是打算搞个主主复制,用keepalived进行漂移实现高可用。

方案可行性

首先主主复制可以保证两台机器数据同步,keeplalived通过虚拟ip,保证我们的mysql可以快速切换。方案可行。

搭建步骤

首先我们准备好两台已经搭建好的mysql服务器。
ip分别为15.1.1.46,15.1.1.50

修改配置文件

在第一台mysql服务器上的my.cf文件中,我们增加如下内容。

server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db=mysql                (可以不加)
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema  (可以不加)
binlog-do-db=mydatabase            (可以不加)
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1

增加后的整体情况如下:

[mysqld]

server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

basedir = /home/mysql-5.7.25
datadir = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8

log-error = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.pid

第一台机器配置完毕。
第二台机器进行如下配置:

server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 2

和第一台基本一样,不过是increment不同,防止自增冲突。
整体配置文件如下:

[mysqld]

server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 2

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

basedir = /home/mysql-5.7.25
datadir = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8

log-error = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.pid

两台机器全部重启

service mysql restart

第二台机器复制第一台,第一台作为主机

第一台机器执行如下:

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

展示当前bin-log位置

show master status;

Mysql主主复制高可用解决方案_第1张图片
记住上方的file 和postion
切换到第二台机器执行如下

change master to master_host='15.1.1.46',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;

开启复制

start slave;

展示从机复制情况

show slave status\G;

Mysql主主复制高可用解决方案_第2张图片
两个都是yes证明复制成功。

第一台机器复制第二台,第二台作为主机

第二台机器执行如下:

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

展示master的位置

show master status;

Mysql主主复制高可用解决方案_第3张图片

切换到第一台机器
执行如下命令

change master to master_host='15.1.1.50',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=154;

然后开启复制
start slave;
展示从机的复制情况
show slave status\G;
如果下图中两个都是yes则证明复制成功。

Mysql主主复制高可用解决方案_第4张图片

使用keepalived进行漂移保证高可用

(1)安装yum包
yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel
(2)上传keepalived并解压
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz
(3)解压keepalived并进行编译
cd keepalived-1.2.15
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
(4)进行配置文件的初始化复制工作
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
(5)开机自启
chkconfig --add keepalived
chkconfig keepalived on
以上步骤第二台机器也如此执行
(6)进入主机 /etc/keepalived。修改里面的 keepalived.conf文件

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id MYSQL-HA
}

vrrp_script check_mysql {
    script "/home/mysql/mysql.sh"        
    interval 1                                      
    weight 2                                        
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
	track_script {
        check_mysql        
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        15.1.1.99
    }
}

(7)编写监测的自杀脚本
当mysql挂掉之后,keepalived监控到mysql挂掉,keepalived才能进行漂移。

#!/bin/bash
ps -ef | grep mysqld| grep -v grep &> /dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
	echo "mysql服务正常运行!!!"
else
	service keepalived stop
	echo "mysql服务已经停止!请及时解决!!!"
fi 

(8)编写从机的keepalived的脚本
上面的步骤里面的keepalived的conf按照下面的改下。其他不用动。
state MASTER 改为BACKUP
priority 100 改为90
(9)将keepalived的开启

service keepalived start

总结

至此mysql高可用已经搭建完毕。

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