前言
最近做一个项目,项目考虑了一些风险,其中就有mysql宕机的风险,mysql是申请了两台服务器。于是打算搞个主主复制,用keepalived进行漂移实现高可用。
方案可行性
首先主主复制可以保证两台机器数据同步,keeplalived通过虚拟ip,保证我们的mysql可以快速切换。方案可行。
搭建步骤
首先我们准备好两台已经搭建好的mysql服务器。
ip分别为15.1.1.46,15.1.1.50
修改配置文件
在第一台mysql服务器上的my.cf文件中,我们增加如下内容。
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db=mysql (可以不加)
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema (可以不加)
binlog-do-db=mydatabase (可以不加)
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1
增加后的整体情况如下:
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
basedir = /home/mysql-5.7.25
datadir = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
log-error = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.pid
第一台机器配置完毕。
第二台机器进行如下配置:
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 2
和第一台基本一样,不过是increment不同,防止自增冲突。
整体配置文件如下:
[mysqld]
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=STATEMENT
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 2
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
basedir = /home/mysql-5.7.25
datadir = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
log-error = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /home/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.pid
两台机器全部重启
service mysql restart
第二台机器复制第一台,第一台作为主机
第一台机器执行如下:
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
展示当前bin-log位置
show master status;
记住上方的file 和postion
切换到第二台机器执行如下
change master to master_host='15.1.1.46',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;
开启复制
start slave;
展示从机复制情况
show slave status\G;
第一台机器复制第二台,第二台作为主机
第二台机器执行如下:
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
展示master的位置
show master status;
切换到第一台机器
执行如下命令
change master to master_host='15.1.1.50',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=154;
然后开启复制
start slave;
展示从机的复制情况
show slave status\G;
如果下图中两个都是yes则证明复制成功。
使用keepalived进行漂移保证高可用
(1)安装yum包
yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel
(2)上传keepalived并解压
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz
(3)解压keepalived并进行编译
cd keepalived-1.2.15
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
(4)进行配置文件的初始化复制工作
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
(5)开机自启
chkconfig --add keepalived
chkconfig keepalived on
以上步骤第二台机器也如此执行
(6)进入主机 /etc/keepalived。修改里面的 keepalived.conf文件
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id MYSQL-HA
}
vrrp_script check_mysql {
script "/home/mysql/mysql.sh"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_mysql
}
virtual_ipaddress {
15.1.1.99
}
}
(7)编写监测的自杀脚本
当mysql挂掉之后,keepalived监控到mysql挂掉,keepalived才能进行漂移。
#!/bin/bash
ps -ef | grep mysqld| grep -v grep &> /dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
echo "mysql服务正常运行!!!"
else
service keepalived stop
echo "mysql服务已经停止!请及时解决!!!"
fi
(8)编写从机的keepalived的脚本
上面的步骤里面的keepalived的conf按照下面的改下。其他不用动。
state MASTER 改为BACKUP
priority 100 改为90
(9)将keepalived的开启
service keepalived start
总结
至此mysql高可用已经搭建完毕。