RPM安装与卸载MySQL-5.6.27-1.linux*.x86_64.rpm*(转载出处：“悠悠-我心”的博客）
1.安装准备
1.1查看是否有自带的MySql 库，如果先有卸载
[root@hadoop02 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@hadoop02 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@hadoop02 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@hadoop02 ~]#
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1.2准备安装文件，并解压 首先你必须明确你的系统版本及对应该的安装文件版本，详情可参考官方文档http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/linux-installation-rpm.html
MySQL Linux RPM包分配标识符 
MySQL-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 顺便分享下载地址：链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c0fXgIG 密码：aa12
[root@cnpc04 cnpc]# tar -zxvf MySQL-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar - 1
2.安装 数据库
[root@cnpc04 cnpc]# ls -l
total 619924
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Dec 1 11:56 hadoop-2.2.0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 317399040 Dec 3 23:34 MySQL-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 23148726 Sep 21 12:32 MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm（客户端）
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 4586751 Sep 21 12:32 MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm（这个备用）
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 117809689 Sep 21 12:32 MySQL-embedded-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 88838078 Sep 21 12:33 MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm（服务端）
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 2419375 Sep 21 12:33 MySQL-shared-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 5181229 Sep 21 12:33 MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 75401437 Sep 21 12:34 MySQL-test-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
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2.1 安装服务端MySQL-server
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64（发现缺少依赖）
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先安装依赖文件（得连网），当然也可 添加两个 参数 –nodeps –force 意义就在于，安装时不再分析包之间的依赖关系而直接安装（个人认为这种方式比较麻烦，如果是新手，后面会出现未知解决不了的错误，我在这上面就浪费了好多时间啊！如果是高手那另当别论……）也就不会再提示error: Failed dependencies:这样的错误了，试试看吧。
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# yum install numact1
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# yum install libaio
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# yum install perl
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再次尝试安装（ok)
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[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]- 1
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2.2 安装MySQL-devel
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[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-devel ########################################### [100%]
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2.3安装客户端MySQL-client
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]
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2.4修改配置文件位置
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[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
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初始化MySQL及设置密码
3.1初始化数据库
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
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3.2 启动数据库
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
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3.3 查看rootp密码（尝试了很久发现5.6之后的版本开始root密码不为空，之前的root密码为空）
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 16 05:31:22 2015 (local time): GkrEoaVae22gNoSR
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3.4登录数据库
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# mysql -uroot -pGkrEoaVae22gNoSR
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3.5 修改root密码
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
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3.6 重新登录Ok
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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4.设置允许远程登录
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| hadoop04 | root | *AA06F549C92AB6D05F3E5EF242304BC0870D3D90 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *AA06F549C92AB6D05F3E5EF242304BC0870D3D90 |
| ::1 | root | *AA06F549C92AB6D05F3E5EF242304BC0870D3D90 |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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5.设置开机启动
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
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6.修改字符集和数据存储路径
配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.
[root@hadoop04 cnpc]# vi /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
**#直接复制粘贴
[client]
password=123456
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port=3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
#(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)
lower_case_table_names=1
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )
max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8**
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
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7.MySQL的默认安装位置
/var/lib/mysql/ #数据库目录
/usr/share/mysql #配置文件目录
/usr/bin #相关命令目录
/etc/init.d/mysql #启动脚本
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8.查看字符集
show variables like '%collation%';
show variables like '%char%';
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9.MySql完全卸载
[root@hadoop04 ~]# rpm -aq | grep -i mysql
MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64
MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64
MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64
[root@hadoop04 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64
[root@hadoop04 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64
[root@hadoop04 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64
[root@hadoop04 ~]# rpm -aq | grep -i mysql
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卸载完成！