Centos7离线安装Mysql_解压包安装
安装记录：
1、首先创建一个目录用于存放解压的Mysql目录（可以使用原目录名，但是建议新建目录，这样方便管理和配置）：
mkdir -p /opt/mysql
2、创建用户
[root@centos01 home]#
groupadd mysql
[root@centos01 home]#
useradd mysql -g mysql
修改mysql安装目录（这里是/opt/mysql ）的权限：
chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql
此外也可以使用以下的语句，两者效果一样，只不过上面的语句更简单;
[root@centos01 mysql]#
chown -R mysql .
[root@centos01 mysql]#
chgrp -R mysql .
3、 初始化mysql并启动mysql服务
由于 mysql5.7新特性， mysql_install_db 已经不再推荐使用了，建议改成 mysqld –initialize 完成实例初始化。
注意下面语句中的--basedir和--datadir两个参数的值，必须与mysql的安装路径一致，此外如果
--datadir中如果已经有数据，在初始化时会报错，此时需要将之前的 --datadir中的数据清空，之后在初始化
[root@centos01 mysql]#
cd /optmysql/bin
[root@centos01 bin]#
./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --initialize
显示如下：随机密码 ,一定要记住该密码！！！！！！
2016-11-26T20:29:03.612269Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9Kt9>u95ha%s
4、 尝试启动Mysql服务 ，
support-files/mysql.server start
通常情况下会报错：
[root@slave03 mysql]#
/opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
support-files/mysql.server: line 271: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
5、 如果报上述错误，需要修改support-files下mysql.server文件，
修改配置文件：将66-73行/usr/local/修改为/home/
vim /opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
然后重新开启mysq ：
/opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
6、关闭selinux：
vim /etc/selinux/config
解决方法：关闭它，打开/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled后存盘退出
如果重启Mysql仍然报错，重启机器试试
7、将mysql的启动时读取的系统配置文件改掉：
mysql在启动时没有指定配置文件时会使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件 ，故需要将其修改使Mysql无法读取到该文件
修改配置文件的名称：
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.old
8、重启服务
/opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
若服务已经启动可以使用以下语句找到mysql并将其kill掉：
ps -ef | grep mysql
9\登录：
/opt/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
之后 修改密码：
set password=password('youpassword');
10、查看有哪些用户
use mysql；
select Host,User from user;
给权限：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@'%' identified by 'youpassword';
flush privileges;
11\
创建用户：
CREATE USER 'oozie'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oozie';
权限：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'oozie'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oozie' WITH GRANT OPTION;
问题记录：
root@slave02 support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL./opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 548: /var/lib/mysql/mysqld_safe.pid: No such file or directory
awk: (FILENAME=- FNR=1) warning: error writing standard output (Broken pipe)
.touch: cannot touch ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
chmod: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
touch: cannot touch ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
chown: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 135: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory
/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 169: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory
touch: cannot touch ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
chown: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
chmod: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’: No such file or directory
/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 135: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/slave02.yscredit.com.pid).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
解决：
mysql在启动时没有指定配置文件时会使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件，请打开这个文件查看在[mysqld]节下有没有指定数据目录(datadir)。
解决方法：请在[mysqld]下设置这一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
原配置文件中内容如下：
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
修改过后：
[mysqld]
datadir=/opt/mysql
socket=/opt/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/opt/mysql/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/opt/mysql/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
=================================================================================================
之后启动mysql：
[root@slave02 support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/opt/mysql/slave02.yscredit.com.pid).
依然报错。
此时解决：
selinux惹的祸，如果是centos系统，默认会开启selinux
解决方法：关闭它，打开/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled后存盘退出重启机器试试。
同时：参考https://www.justin.my/2012/03/starting-mysql-error-the-server-quit-without-updating-pid-file
Sometimes you may see this error in your server. But don’t panic, just rename or move away the /etc/my.cnf in your server, and try to restart the MySQLd again.
[root@server:～ ] $ service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/server.pelayan.com.pid).
[root@server:～ ] $ mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.old
[root@server:～ ] $ service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@server:～ ] $